• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1163-1169
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 양파 수확 후 버려지는 잔재물의 활용가치를 위해 이들로부터 추출한 발효 추출물과 열수 추출물의 생리활성과 세포독성을 분석하고자 하였다. 추출물의 pH는 모두 산성을 나타내었고, 유기물 함량은 발효 추출물에서 0.75%로 열수 추출물의 0.19% 보다 4배 많이 함유되었다. 다량원소 중 칼륨성분을 제외한 질소, 인산, 칼슘, 마그네슘성분의 함량은 발효 추출물에서 열수 추출물 보다 높게 나타내었고, 미량원소 중 철과 규소성분의 함량도 발효 추출물에서 열수 추출물 보다 높았으며, 반면에 붕소성분의 함량은 열수 추출물에서 발효 추출물 보다 높게 검출되었다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 발효 추출물에서 $16.2{\pm}3.3mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$로 열수 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량인 $14.6{\pm}1.4mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ 보다 $1.6mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ 높게 나타내었다. 반면에 총 플라보노이드 함량은 열수 추출물에서 $4.8{\pm}0.7mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$로서 발효 추출물의 함량인 $0.1{\pm}0.1mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ 보다 $4.7mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ 높게 나타내었다. DPPH와 ABTS radical 소거능력은 모두 열수 추출물에서 발효 추출물 보다 높은 항산화력을 보였다. MTT assay를 이용한 추출물의 세포독성 실험에서는 발효 추출물과 열수 추출물에서 각각 101.6%와 97.9%의 세포생존율을 나타내어 두 추출물 모두 세포독성이 없는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.514-520
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• 2004

유산균 발효유, 버섯(표고, 영지, 느타리) 추출물 및 이를 함유한 유산균 발효유가 SD계 암컷 흰쥐의 각 조직 과산화지질 농도 및 DPPH 전자공여능에 미치는 항산화 효과를 검토하였다. 표고, 영지, 느타리버섯 추출물의 Folin-Denis 법에 의한 총 폴리페놀 화합물 농도는 각각 0.34, 0.20, 0.34%로 나타났다. 유산균 발효유, 버섯 추출물, 버섯 추출물 함유 유산균 발효유 및 이들 시료의 standard로서 사용된 BHT의 DPPH법에 의한 전자공여능은 각각 33.9, 34.9, 51.9 및 95.6%로 나타났다. 실험 식이군은 정상군, 콜레스테롤군, 콜레스테롤 + 유산균 발효유군, 콜레스테롤 + 버섯 추출물군 및 콜레스테롤+버섯 추출물 함유 유산균 발효 유군으로 구성하였다. 간 조직 및 microsome 획분과 과산화지질 농도는 콜레스테롤+유산균 발효유군 및 콜레스레롤+버섯 추출물 함유 유산균 발효유군이 다른 실험군 보다 유의적으로 감소하였다. 신장 조직의 과산화지질 농도는 정상군에 비해 콜레스테롤군에서 현저히 증가하였고, 이러한 콜레스테롤 식이에 의한 증가는 유산균 발효유 및 버섯 추출물 함유 유산균 발효유 첨가로 인해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 한편, 심장 및 비장 조직, 이들의 microsome 및 mitochondria 획분의 과산화지질 농도는 각 실험군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 본 실험의 결과, 버섯 추출물 함유 유산균 발효유 식이는 흰쥐 간장 및 신장 조직의 과산화지질 생성을 감소시키는 작용이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.214-224
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• 2021

We was confirmed that the antler extract increases the expression of marker genes expressed in the process of bone formation, and that the effect on the increase in the expression of the gene is further increased by fermentation of the antler extract. In addition, the mouse model in which menopausal was induced by ovary extraction significantly reduced the movement distance and exercise time of mice compared to the control group. But the decrease was somewhat alleviated by the administration of the antler extract, and completely restored when the fermented antler extract was administered. In the menopause-induced mice, the body weight ratio of heart, liver, and spleen weights increased compared to the control group, but the antler extract and the antler ferment extract restored the body weight ratio of various organ weights to the level of the control group in the menopause-induced mice. Consequently, this has led to mitigating changes in the metabolism affected by menopause.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity, antimutagenic and anticancer effects and dyeing properties of the fermented indigo extract. The physiological effects of natural color extracts from colorant plants(gardenia, beet and indigo) were studied. The methanol extract of indigo showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of E. coli and Staph. aureus, and also showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Trich. mentagrophytes compared to others. The methanol extract of indigo showed antimutagenic activities against aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. The proliferation of Clone M-3 mouse melanoma cells and A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells was inhibited by the methanol extract of indigo. So we decided to use natural indigo for dyeing the fabrics because of those effects. Dried indigo leaves were fermented at variouss temperature and the fermented indigo was reduced by using alkaline(NaOH, Ca(OH)2) and glucose to dye the fabrics. The values of K/S fermented indigo showed the highest value when it was fermented at 3$0^{\circ}C$. The indigo fermented at 3$0^{\circ}C$ had the greatest number of total bacterial counts and we identified one of the main microorganisms as Aspergillus niger. This microorganism was responsible for the indigo fermentation and accelerated indigo fermentation. So it can be supposed to reduce the fermentation period of indigo by inoculating Aspergillus niger into the indigo leaves at 3$0^{\circ}C$.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.439-444
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented soybean (FS) extract on adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation using cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with FS and nonfermented soybean (NFS) extract during differentiation for 10 days in vitro. Oil red O staining was performed and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity was measured for analysis of fat accumulation. Expressions of adipogenic genes were measured. RESULTS: Soluble extract of soybean fermented with Aspergillus oryzae GB107 contained higher levels of low-molecular-weight protein than conventional soybean protein did. FS extract ($50{\mu}g/ml$) inhibited adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes for 10 days in vitro. Significantly lower GPDH activity was observed in differentiated adipocytes treated with the FS extract than those treated with NFS extract. Treatment with FS extract resulted in decreased expression levels of leptin, adiponectin, and adipogenin genes, which are associated with adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: This report is the first to demonstrate that the water-soluble extract from FS inhibits fat accumulation and lipid storage in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Thus, the soybean extract fermented with A. oryzae GB107 could be used to control lipid accumulation in adipocytes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1961-1970
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• 2017

Lespedeza cuneata G. Don is a traditional herb that has been associated with multiple biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative/antiaging activities and performed an active component analysis of the non-fermented and fermented (using Lactobacillus pentosus) extracts of Lespedeza cuneata G. Don. The antioxidative activities of the fermented extract were higher than those of non-fermented extracts. The elastase inhibitory activity, inhibitory effects on UV-induced MMP-1 expression, and ability to promote type I procollagen synthesis were investigated in Hs68 human fibroblasts cells. These tests also revealed that the fermented extract had increased antiaging activities compared with the non-fermented extract. A component analysis of the ethyl acetate fractions of non-fermented and fermented extracts was performed using TLC, HPLC, and LC/ESI-MS/MS to observe changes in the components before and after fermentation. Six components that were different before and after fermentation were investigated. It was thought that kaempferol and quercetin were converted from kaempferol glucosides and quercetin glucosides, respectively, via bioconversion with the fermentation strain. These results indicate that the fermented extract of L. cuneata G. Don has potential for use as a natural cosmetic material with antioxidative and antiaging effects.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We examined the chemical composition and the effect of fermented deer antler on hematopoietic factors in bone marrow cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: For the preparation of fermented deer antler extract (FAB), fermentation was carried out using Bacillus subtilis at $30^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. The hematopoietic effect of FAB was investigated hematopoietic factors in marrow cells. RESULTS: The contents of total sugar, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, and uronic acid and the dry weight gradually increased with fermentation time. The sialic acid content (from 0.14 mg/mL to 0.54 mg/mL) was the highest on the 4th day of fermentation after which it decreased. The proliferating activity of bone marrow cells increased with fermentation times. The levels of various hematopoietic growth factors were determined to verify the beneficial effect of deer antler extract fermented by B. subtilis on hematopoiesis. FAB increased the number of stem cell factors and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in bone marrow cells. In addition, FAB augmented the burst-forming unit erythroid and total colonies in splenocyte-conditioned medium compared with non-fermented antler extract (NFA). However, FAB did not affect the mRNA levels of erythropoietin, an important factor for erythropoiesis. CONCLUSIONS: FAB, like NFA, did not directly affect hematopoiesis, but contributed to hematopoiesis by stimulating the production of hematopoietic factors.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.272-279
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 중국산 발효 보이차 잎을 고농축으로 추출하였다. 또한 이 추출물에 대한 항산화 활성 및 항노화 효과를 평가하여, 화장품 산업에 응용하고자 하였다. 발효보이차 추출물의 수득율은 17.9%이었으며, 총 폴리페놀량은 37.5%, 탄닌 7.5%, 다당체류 25%, 기타 22%, 수분 8%가 함유되어 있었다. 발효보이차 추출물의 항산화 (in-vitro)활성은 30mg/mL에서는 $33.7{\pm}1.8%$, 50mg/mL에서는 $39.4{\pm}2.2%$의 소거효과를 보였다. 비교군인 초산토코페롤과 녹차추출물 보다 높은 항산화 효과를 보였다. 발효보이차 추출물의 콜라겐 합성율(in-vitro)은 1 mg/mL에서는 $102.9{\pm}9.9%$, 5 mg/mL에서는 $111.5{\pm}9.9%$, 10 mg/mL에서는 $122.7{\pm}12.2%$, 30 mg/mL에서는 $131.5{\pm}13.7%$의 높은 합성능을 보였다 (*p-value£0.05, n=3). 8시간 후의 피부보습효과(in-vivo)는 비교군보다 38.5%의 높은 효과를 보였다. 이 보습력은 도포전보다 32.7% 상승하였다. 발효보이차 추출물은 화장품산업에서 보습효과를 가진 원료로 응용이 가능할 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2017

황금(Scutellariae baicalensis)은 항염 작용이 뛰어나 예로부터 사용되어온 약재로, 본 연구는 인삼에서 분리한 유산균 Leuconostoc mesenteroides (L. mesenteroides)을 이용해 황금 발효물을 제조하고 항산화와 미백 효과를 조사하였다. 황금 발효물은 황금을 70% 에탄올로 추출한 후에 L. mesenteroides를 접종하여 발효제조하였다. 발효 전 황금과 황금 발효물에서 2가지 지표 성분 baicalin과 baicalein을 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)을 이용하여 retention times ($t_R$)과 UV spectra를 확인함으로써 정성 및 정량 분석하였다. 세포 생존율 실험 결과, 발효 전후 황금 모두 독성이 확인되지 않았고 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 실험은 발효물의 $SC_{50}$ 값이 $34.43{\mu}g/mL$ 로 발효 전보다 우수한 효능을 나타내었으며, 세포 독성을 나타내지 않는 농도에서 흑색종 세포인 B16F10을 이용한 melanin 생성 억제 활성 실험 결과, 황금 발효물은 우수한 melanin 생성 억제 효과를 나타내었다($IC_{50}=68.17{\mu}g/mL$). 이상의 결과들로부터 황금 발효물이 항산화 효능뿐만 아니라 미백 효능을 갖는 화장품 원료로서 개발 가능성이 있음이 시사되었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2018

This study investigated the anti-obesity effect of a pear (Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae) extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria on obesity induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Body-weight measurement, blood analysis, and light microscope observation of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis were conducted after 8 weeks. Gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) in liver cells were also investigated. Compared to CON, PFA and PFB showed 8% weight reduction along with weight reduction of adipose tissue in liver and epididymis. Observing the microstructure of liver cells showed that lipid droplets were smaller in PFA and PFB than in CON. We confirmed that Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can affect gene expression of leptin, adiponectin, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in liver cells, showing an obesity treatment effect. From the results above, it was observed that weight gain from increased gene expression in adipose cells as well as from the increased proportion of adipose cells caused by a high-fat diet can be statistically significantly reduced by taking Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria. Therefore, Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae extract fermented by lactic-acid bacteria can be effective for preventing and treating obesity by reducing weight and adipose cells.