• Information Systems Review
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.165-191
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• 2008

Traditionally, information systems audit has been carried out by the auditors. So the main focuses of audit are managerial point of view, such as finding errors or missing functions. The final purpose of audit, however, is to help the organization to make better decision through better information services. So we felt that managerial point of audit should be extended to include the factors that increase the competitiveness of organization. To accomplish this goal, new factors that reflect the ideas of three groups, users, developers in addition to auditors. First, by adopting the ideas from service quality evaluation area, we develop six items and 24 indexes for information systems audit. Second, we separate the audit related parties into three groups, users, developers and auditors. The main reason is that major concerns of three groups to the system will be different considerably. Third, we quantified the weights of each group to each 6 items and 24 indexes using Analytic Hierarchy Process. Fourth, the resulting weights of each item are found to be different by the group, and possible reasons are analyzed.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.600-608
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the need for a nutritional care service in silver town and identify awareness of the role of a dietitian in silver town using a structured questionnaire. The subjects consisted of 466 adults (216 males, 250 females), aged 20~59 years, in the Gyeongnam area. Although most of the subjects were aware of silver town and felt a necessity for it, only 24.9% of the subjects intended to live in silver town, whereas 55.6% of the respondents replied that they did not know whether they lived in silver town. Results on the importance of services offered in silver town indicated that medical service facilities, the interior and mood of silver town, the reliability of management, and meal service prepared by a dietitian were prioritized. Healthy food was the most valuable part of the meal service followed by taste. In total, 88.3% of the subjects answered that the meal service in silver town should be supervised by a dietitian. Clinical nutrition management was chosen as the most important job of the dietitian followed by sanitation management. These results could provide a better understanding of the personal needs of silver town, focusing on the meal service and the role of a dietitian.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1993

The objective of this study is to review the role and function of the village health worker in the wake of the recent social changes in Korea. The stud}' also aimed at' elucidating' the characteristics of the village health worker organizations developed through community participation in this country. The study methods employed were: a review of literature and other existing information related to VHW's activities ; the use of Questionnaire and interview with VHW's on their activities in one selected county in 1992. The major findings obtained are as follows: 1. So far the community health care activities have been carried out by medical colleges, foreign aid agencies and religious organizations with a view to improving health care for the population in rural area. 2. The VHWs employed by the local community health services received remuneratiorin cash or in kind. However, presently no remuneration is paid to VHWs employed by the government village health projects. The training for VHWs is organized by County Health Center once a year for 1-2days regardless of pre-employment or refresher. 3. The needs of care for maternal and child health and family planning has been decline due to the decrease of the target population, but on the other hand, the needs of care by VHW for prevention of infectious diseases, health of the aging, management of geriatric diseases, prevention of poisoning of pesticides and environmental sanitation has beer increased. 4. It was felt strongly that the training for VHWs should be strengthened by means of developing a problem-solving oriented educational program in order to improve practical skills of VHWs.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.993-999
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• 2013

This study aimed to measure the amount of sweating on 12 parts of the upper body using absorption fabric and analyze subjective sensations. The study was conducted with 9 male subjects in climate chamber controled at $30{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, and $55{\pm}5%$ RH. The result was that sweating amount of the upper back part was significantly more than upper front part. We assumed that forced convection flow cased by exercise decreased the sweating rate in the front. The skin temperature of upper front body rapidly decreased as soon as exercise starts and gradually increased with cessation of exercise. On the other hand, the skin temperature of palm increased with exercise and showed continuous increasing even exercise stopping all the experimental period. This is caused by thermoregulatory responses through vasodilatation on the peripheral area. Subjective sensations, such as thermal sensation, wet sensation, and thermal comfort showed the highest score at the time of exercise stop. This means the subjects felt more hot, wet, and uncomfortable after exercise stopped. Bur after wiping of sweat, subjective sensation scores were recovered rapidly. The present study has provided more detailed information on the upper body sweat distribution than previously available, which can be used in clothing design, thermo-physiological modeling, and thermal manikin design. We also think that results of the present study will play an important role in making the sweat distribution map.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.627-631
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• 2006

Purpose: Ischial region is common site of pressure sore as well as greater trochanteric area. In general, ischial pressure sore associated with a large subcutaneous bursa often requires radical surgical treatment. The authors performed sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol which was considered as an alternative in treating recurrent ischial pressure sore. Methods: From may 2005 to February 2006, 11 ischial pressure sore patients were treated sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol. The authors performed sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol in 11 patients in whom the ischial sore has recurred despite of multiple radical surgical treatment. The patients' original disorders were spinal cord injury in 9 patients, cerebral palsy in 1 patient and giant cell tumor in thoracic vertebrae 1 patient. Results: Recurrence of pressure sore was not found in any patient during the follow-up period. The swap of the bursa taken before the surgery was germ cultured and compared with the discharge from an end of the inserted drain tube. The germ cultured results after the surgery were tested negative in all patients. Conclusion: This method involves causing the bursa to become scarred and closing it up by sterilizing, fixing, and denaturing by the pharmacologic effect of absolute ethanol instead of surgical excision of the bursa. We felt that aforementioned treatment modality may be considered as an alternative in treating recurrent ischial pressure sore.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 2000

This study was designed to determine the attitude and degree of satisfaction of recipients toward the meal service program for elderly people. Nine hundred and eight elderly people(male: 301, female: 607) were interviewed by trained personnel. The results were as follows. Forty two percent of them had no income and 43.8% of the respondents were supported economically by the government. Their main reasons for attending the free congregated meal program was economic hardship(37.9%) The channels of becoming aware of the free meal program were through their friends(33.4%) and the meal service centers were located in the respondents residence area(36.0%) Thus any other advertisement from local government of official channels about the free meal program were not effective for the elderly 26.9% of the respondents felt inconvenience in visiting the meal service centers because they had some difficulty in walking, 53.5% of them however answered that they didn t have any complains and were quite satisfied with the meal service. The average satisfaction score for the free meal service was 63.4(maximum score 75) As for each evaluation item respondents were highly satisfied with volunteers attitude in meal serving(4.58$\pm$0.65: maximum 5 point) The evaluation score of females was generally lower than that of males(p<0.05) Oncemore, respondents who were in lowere socio-economic classes were marked by having significantly lower satisfaction scores for the meal service compared with higher scocio-economic classes. For the welfare of elderly people, meal service programs should be extended to more elderly persons and developed considering the elderlys ecological factors.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.13-18
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• 2000

Welding is critical technique for the joining of materials in the nation's major Manufacturing industries. Since 1998, leaders in welding industry have defined a vision of the issues and opportunities that it will face in 2020. In developing this vision document, more than 25 senior managers and respected experts from various segments of the welding community met to begin a dialog about the future of the welding industry. They were brought together to develop a long-range business plan for their industry that would identify how it would meet the needs of manufacturers, of the marketplace, and of society in 2020. In essence, these decision makers created an ideal vision of the state of their industry in 20 years, and the strategy to reach it. Welding is a precise, reliable, and cost-effective, method for joining materials. No other technique is as widely used by manufacturers to join metals and alloys efficiently. Most of the familiar objects in modern society, form buildings and bridges, to vehicles, computers, and medical devices, could not be produced without the use of welding. Despite the importance of welding to the manufacturing industry, the leaders in this area felt that welding was not appreciated as much as it should be from the society. The welding industry consists of the “users” of welding techniques as well as the companies, universities and other organizations that industry look for improvements in their operations by 2020, and should find their interest addressed in this document. A major economic impact study co sponsored by AWS and EWI and supported by US Navy, State of Ohio, US Department of Commerce, and major companies was kicked off. This two-year study will determine the economic impact of welding on the United States economy. The objective of this study is to break a paradigm about welding-those of us who are heavily involved in welding, believe strongly that much of our gross domestic product is directly dependent on welding. Furthermore, continued advances in the field of welding are necessary to achieving further increases in productivity that makes our economy strong. Yet, despite intuition, anecdotal information, and fragmented analyses, the completing quantitative information that would proved the justification for strategic actions to further develop this critical field is not currently available.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.253-255
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• 2002

The necessity of compact high temperature super conducting cables is more keenly felt in densely populated metropolitan areas. As the compact high temperature superconducting cables that can be installed in ducts and tunnels can reduce construction cost and make the use of underground space more effective, the effect of introducing it to power system will be huge. For this study, Seoul, Korea is selected as a review model, the loads are estimated by scenario based on a survey and analysis of 345kV and 154kV power supply networks in this area. Based on this, the following items on urban transmission system are examined. (1) A method of constructing a model system to introduce high temperature superconducting cables to metropolitan areas is presented. (2) A case study through the analysis of power demand is conducted, and the amount of high temperature superconducting cable to be introduced by scenario is examined. (3) The economy involved in expanding existing cables and introducing high temperature superconducting cables(ducts or tunnels) following load increase in urban areas is examined and compared. (4) The maximum external diameter of HTS cable to accommodate exiting ducts based on the design standards for current cable ducts is calculated. (5) The voltage level that can be accommodated by existing ducts is examined.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.149-171
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• 1998

This study attempted to find out a way which is to establish a desirable value and social culture related to sexuality. This study examined student's value and preference about sex and at the same time resolving method to correct ill-rooted value of male preference in our social culture. This study subjects consisted of 409 male and female students of a college located in Incheon area. The study data collected from June 5th to June 11th. 1998. Survey technique was chosen to collect data and analized by SPSS/PC+, SAS program using statistical methods of frequency. percent. $X^ 2-test$ and t-test. The study results are as follows ; 1) Sex satisfaction score of male students was higher than female students and the difference was significant statistically (p<0.0001). 2) There was a difference between male and female student's thought that our socity's structure has a sex discrimination. But female students felt strongly unequality of sex in our socity. 3) $65.4\%$ of total students have a general knowledge about sex and female student's score was higher than male students. The high percent of students get into know sex through mass media $(32.6\%)$ and peer groups $(31.9\%)$. 4) Student's attitude to sex was different from male and female students. Male students have more liberal attitude about sex than female students. 5) $97.1\%$ of the total students believe that our socity has son preference. 6) $86.5\%$ of the total students thought that sex ratio disproportion resulted from male preference is worriable problems in our socity. But there was no significant difference between both sexes.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate recognition and knowledge regarding clinical trials, in particular, after a clinical trial education program (CTEP) among student nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design of 215 student nurses at a university in Seoul was used with structured questionnaires. Results: Respondents had a high level of need for clinical trial and moderate levels in favorable image, safety, and need for education regarding clinical trial. The respondents who had participated in the CTEP felt the clinical trial more favorable and safer than those who did not. However, there were no significant differences in necessity of clinical trials and need for education regarding clinical trial between the CTEP participation and no participation groups. Respondents had a high level of knowledge about clinical trial, even though half of the respondents misunderstood that the physician can convince the subject to participate in clinical trial. There was no significant difference in knowledge level between groups. One third of the respondents had an intention to work in the area related to clinical trial because of aptitude or future prospect. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the CTEP might have an effect on student nurses' recognition rather than knowledge. The CTEP should be therefore developed targeting specific areas of misconceptions and recognition changes.