• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.297-312
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• 2020

The KiK-net by NIED is a vertical array measurement system. In the database of KiK-net, singular pulse waves were observed in the seismic record at the borehole of TTRH02 during the mainshock (the magnitude of Japan Meteorological Agency (M_J) 7.3, M_W 6.8) and aftershock (M_j 4.2) of Tottori-ken Seibu earthquake in 2000. Singular pulse waves were also detected in the seismic records at the borehole of IWTH25 during the Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku earthquake in 2008 (M_J 7.2, M_W 6.9). These pulse waves are investigated by using the wave shape analysis methods, e.g., the non-stationary Fourier spectra and the double integrated displacement profiles. Two types of vibration modes are discriminated as the occurrence mechanism of the singular pulse waves. One corresponds to the reversal points in the displacement profile with the amplitude from 10^-4 m to 10^-1 m, which is mainly related to the fault activity and the amplification pass including the mechanical amplification (collision) of the seismograph in the casing pipe. The other is the cyclic pulse waves in the interval of reversal points, which is estimated as the backlash of the seismograph itself with the amplitude from 10^-5 m to 10^-4 m.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2006

본 논문은 테스트 수행 중 발생하는 전력 소모를 줄이기 위한 변경된 스캔 셀 구조를 제안하고 있다. 이는 스캔 이동 중에 조합 회로 부분에서 발생하는 천이를 억제할 뿐 아니라 동시에 스캔 체인 내에서 발생하는 천이도 감소시킨다. 뿐만 아니라 캡쳐 싸이클에서 발생하는 천이 또한 제한시킨다. 제안하는 방식은 test-per-scan BIST 구조에 적합하고 싱글 스캔 구조 뿐 아니라 멀티 스캔 구조에도 적응 가능하다. 실험 결과는 제안하는 방법이 기존의 방법들과 비슷한 수준의 고장 검출율을 가지면서 보다 적은 전력을 소모한다는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.226-229
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• 2003

Following the successful development of practical high temperature superconducting (HTS) wires, there has been renewed activity in the development of superconducting power equipments. HTS equipments must be operated in the coolant, such as liquid nitrogen (L$N_2$) or cooled by cooler, such as GM-cryocooler to maintain the temperature below critical temperature. In this paper, dielectric strength of some insulating materials, such as epoxy, teflon, and glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) in L$N_2$was measured. Surface breakdown voltage of GFRP which is basic property in design of HTS solenoid coil was measured. Epoxy is a goof insulating material but it is fragile at cryogenic temperature. The multi-layer insulating method of current lead is suggested to compensate this fragile property. It consists of teflon tape layer and epoxy layer fixed with texture. Based on these measurements, the 6.6㎸ class HTS magnet for DC reactor type high-T$_{c}$ superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) was successfully fabricated and tested.d.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1612-1614
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• 2003

80pF capacitive couplers were connected to six 6.6kV motor model coil terminals. The voltage applied to the coils were 3.81kv, 4.76 kV and 6.6kV, respectively. These stator coils have various types of artificial insulation defects such as large voids, semi-conductive coating damage and strand insulation fault. Digital PD detector(PDD) and turbine generator analyzer(TGA) were used to measure PD activity. TGA summarizes each plot with two quantities such as the normalized quantity number(NQN) and the peak PD magnitude(Qm). The PD levels in PD were measured with a conventional digital PD detector. Most of the defect mechanism of large motor stator winding can be associated with PD patterns such as internal and slot discharges. PD patterns coincide with PDD and TGA. These instruments have an input bandwidth of 40-400kHz and 0.1-350MHz. Surge testing detects faults in inter-turn winding of high voltage motor model coils.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP) is core part of nuclear power plant to provide the forced circulation of reactor coolant for the removal of core heat. Properly monitoring vibration of RCP is a key activity of a successful predictive maintenance and can lead to a decrease in failure, optimization of machine performance, and a reduction of repair and maintenance costs. Here, we developed real-time RCP Vibration Analysis System (VAS) that web based platform using NoSQL DB (Mongo DB) to handle vibration data of RCP. In this paper, we explain how to implement digital signal process of vibration data from time domain to frequency domain using Fast Fourier transform and how to design NoSQL DB structure, how to implement web service using Java spring framework, JavaScript, High-Chart. We have implement various plot according to standard of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and it can show on web browser based on HTML 5. This data analysis platform shows a upgraded method to real-time analyze vibration data and easily uses without specialist. Furthermore to get better precision we have plan apply to additional machine learning technology.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.230-249
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• 2000

한반도 동남부는 신생대 동안 동아시아 광역 지구조환경의 변화에 의하여 복합 지구조운동을 겪었다. 취성변형요소들을 이용하여 복원한 고응력장은 ( I ) 북서-남동 횡인장, ( II ) 북서-남동 횡압축 ( III ) 북동-남서 순수인장 내지 방사상인장, ( IV ) 북북동-남남서 횡압축, ( V ) 동서 내지 동북동-서남서 횡압축의 순서이다. ( I )은 24-16 Ma사이 동해의 당겨열림형 확장의 결과로써 연구지역 제3기 분지들의 확장을 주도하였다. 지구조 사건 ( II )는 15 Ma경 필리핀해판의 이주보닌 아크 혹은 고대륙 쿠로시오와 일본 남서부의 충돌에 의한 압축력의 결과로써, 연구지역 제3기 분지들의 확장을 종결시켰으며 분지일원의 지괴들을 융기시켰다. 이 사건은 10 Ma까지 지속되었다. (III)은 10 Ma경에 이르러 필리핀해판의 활동이 소강상태에 들어감으로서 ( II )에 의해 발생한 지각융기의 후 지구조적 응력사건으로 해석된다. (IV)는 6 Ma경 필리핀해판이 북쪽으로 이동을 재개한 결과로서, 대한해협과 일본 남서부의 배후에 동서 방향의 압축구조를 만들었으며 연구지역의 지괴들을 다시 융기시켰다. ( V )는 5-3.5 Ma사이에 필리핀판의 북상에 의한 남북 압축력이 약해지고 태평양판의 섭입과 인도판의 충돌에 의한 동서 압축력의 영향이 점진적으로 증가한 결과로서, 한반도 동해안에 남북 방향의 압축구조를 만들었으며 한반도 동남부의 지괴들을 서쪽으로 충상시켰다. 이 응력장은 현재까지도 계속되어 오늘날 동서 방향의 제4기 충상단층들과 지진을 발생시키고 있다.

• 지질공학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2013

화산활동은 용암의 분출과 화산재의 퇴적 작용이 복합적으로 발생함에 따라 지질학적으로 매우 복잡한 화산암복합체를 형성하는 경우가 많다. 화산암류 암석들로 구성된 송곡 지구는 단층을 중심으로 한 여러 불연속면의 조합으로 비탈면 하단부에서 붕괴가 발생하였다. 붕괴부를 중심으로 한 평사투영 해석 결과 모든 형태의 붕괴 가능성이 인지되었으며, 개별요소법(DEM)을 이용한 불연속면 거동 특성 분석 결과, 전체변위 207 mm, 절리 최대전단 변위 114 mm로 나타났으며, 소성 영역 발생 구간은 붕괴부의 단층면에서 확인되었다. 화산암류 비탈면은 암종간의 차별 풍화, 암석의 높은 투수성에 기인한 지하수 영향, 냉각 수축에 의한 체계적 절리 발달로 인해 공학적으로 취약한 특성을 보인다. 화산암류 비탈면의 안정화 대책 고려시, 상세 지질조사를 통한 구성암석의 지질학적 특성, 불연속면과 이완암블록의 변화량 분포 등의 자료가 활용되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2003년도 제2차 연례학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.26-51
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• 2003

Large scale protein interaction maps provide a new, global perspective with which to analyse protein function. PSIMAP, the Protein Structural Interactome Map, is a database of all the structurally observed interactions between superfamilies of protein domains with known three-dimensional structure in thePDB. PSIMAP incorporates both functional and evolutionary information into a single network. It makes it possible to age protein domains in terms of taxonomic diversity, interaction and function. One consequence of it is to predict the most important protein domain structure in evolution. We present a global analysis of PSIMAP using several distinct network measures relating to centrality, interactivity, fault-tolerance, and taxonomic diversity. We found the following results: ${\bullet}$ Centrality: we show that the center and barycenter of PSIMAP do not coincide, and that the superfamilies forming the barycenter relate to very general functions, while those constituting the center relate to enzymatic activity. ${\bullet}$ Interactivity: we identify the P-loop and immunoglobulin superfamilies as the most highly interactive. We successfully use connectivity and cluster index, which characterise the connectivity of a superfamily's neighbourhood, to discover superfamilies of complex I and II. This is particularly significant as the structure of complex I is not yet solved. ${\bullet}$ Taxonomic diversity: we found that highly interactive superfamilies are in general taxonomically very diverse and are thus amongst the oldest. This led to the prediction of the oldest and most important protein domain in evolution of lift. ${\bullet}$ Fault-tolerance: we found that the network is very robust as for the majority of superfamilies removal from the network will not break up the network. Overall, we can single out the P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases superfamily as it is the most highly connected and has the highest taxonomic diversity. In addition, this superfamily has the highest interaction rank, is the barycenter of the network (it has the shortest average path to every other superfamily in the network), and is an articulation vertex, whose removal will disconnect the network. More generally, we conclude that the graph-theoretic and taxonomic analysis of PSIMAP is an important step towards the understanding of protein function and could be an important tool for tracing the evolution of life at the molecular level.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.56-69
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• 2004

천북지역을 포함하여 경주시를 중심으로 선상지분포와 지형발달을 조사하였다. 선상지는 하상비고가 다른 고위면. 중위면, 저위면의 세 지형면으로 구분된다. 불국사∼울산지역과 마찬가지로 빙기와 간빙기가 반복된 제4기 기후변화와 북-남 및 북서-남동 방향의 구조선이 탁월하게 발달하면서 합류선상지가 형성되었다. 단일 규모로는 우리나라에서 최대급에 속하는 경주선상지는 선사시대 이래 인간활동의 중심 공간을 제공하였다. 이 선상지를 형성한 북천은 선사, 고대에 거의 범람하지 않았다. 경주선상지는 지형면 전체에서 지하수위가 지표면 부근까지 도달하여 일반적인 지형특성과 달리 선앙부에도 용천이 분포한다. 이것은 유역분지의 상류부와 중류부에 넓은 퇴적 공간이 형성되어 있어 북천 규모에 비해 하류부에 퇴적물이 충분히 공급되지 못한데 기인하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1995

The Kamkye Cu-Pb-Zn-Au-Ag deposits occur as quartz veins that filled fault-related fractures of NW system developed in the Cretaceous Gyeongsang basin. Three major stages of mineral deposition are recognized: (1) the stage I associated with wall rock alteration, such as sericite, chlorite, epidote and pyrite, (2) the early stage II of base-metal mineralization such as pyrite, hematite, and small amounts of sphalerite and chalcopyrite. and the middle to late stage II of Cu-As-Sb-Au-Ag-S mineralization, such as sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena with tetrahedrite, tennantite, pearceite, Pb-Bi-Cu-S system, argentite and electrum. (3) the stage III of supergene mineralization, such as covellite, chalcocite and malachite. K-Ar dating of alteration sericite is a late Cretaceous ($74.0{\pm}1.6Ma$) and it may be associated with granitic activity of nearby biotite granite and quartz porphyry. Fluid inclusion data suggest a complex history of boiling, cooling and dilution of ore fluids. Stage II mineralization occurred at temperatures between 370 to $220^{\circ}C$ from fluids with salinities of 8.4 to 0.9 wt.% NaCl. Early stage II($320^{\circ}C$, 2.0 wt.% NaCl) may be boiled due to repeated fracturing which opened up the hydrothermal system to the land surface, and which resulted in a base-metal sulfide. Whilst the fractures were opened to the surface, mixing of middle-late stage II ore fluids with meteoric waters resulted in deposition of Cu-As-Sb-Au-Ag minerals from low temperature fluids(${\leq}290^{\circ}C$). Boiling of ore fluids may be occured at a pressure of 112 bar and a depth of 412 m. Equilibrium thermodynamic interpretation of sphalerite-tetraherite assemblages in middle stage II indicates that the ore-forming fluid had log fugacities of $S_2$ of -6.6~-9.4 atm.