• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.347-367
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate drug abuse and to find related factors among high school students. The subjects for this study were 973 students from 10 high schools in Taegu city. The data were collected from September 30, 1996 to October 30, 1996. The questionnaire developed by Kim Soyoaja (1991) surveyed adolescent drug use and questions on smoking and drinking were readjusted and added by the researcher based on review. The data was analyzed using frequency, percentage, $X^2-test$, t -test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient with the SPSS /PC+. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The proportion of students who drank alcohol 1-2 times or more per year was 52.4% and smoked Cigarette 1 -2 times or more per year was 20.8%. The 7 different drugs(Analgetics 5.7%. sleeping pills and sedatives 4.2%, antihistamines 1.1%. stimulants 7.7%, hallucinogens 0.8%, inhalants 3.3%, and narcotics 0.6%) were also evaluated. 2. There was a significant relationship between drinking and type of school($X^2$=62.97, p<.0l), grades($X^2$=33.86, P<.001), school life($X^2$= 19.04, p<.001), and delinquent friends($X^2$= 64.72, P<.001). 3. There was a significant relationship between smoking and type of school($X^2$=153.65, p<.001), grades ($X^2$=67.53, p<.001), their respect for teachers ($X^2$=33.80, p<.001) school life($X^2$ =50.87, p<.001), and delinquent friends($X^2$ =85.28, p<.001). 4. There was a significant relationship between the 7 different kinds of drug abuse and type of school ($X^2$=14.65, p<.01), grades($X^2$=12.89, p<.01), their respect for teachers ($X^2$=8.46, p<.05), and delinquent friends($X^2$=22.42, p<.001). 5. There was a significant relationship between a parent's habitual drug abuse and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse($X^2$=7.78, p<.01), as well as a parent's attitude toward drugs and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse($X^2$=6.33, p<.05). 6. There was a significant difference between drinking(t=-12.53, p<.001), smoking(t=-15.98, p<.001), the 7 different kinds of drug abuse(t=-5.77, p<.001), and the respondant's delinquent experience. 7. There was a correlation between drinking and smoking(r=.4166, p<.001), drinking and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse(r=.2200, p<.001), smoking and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse(r=.1428, p<.05). There was a correlation between drinking and smoking(r=.5977, p<.001), drinking and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse(r=.2849, p<. 001), smoking and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse(r=.1711, p<.05) among male students. There was a correlation between drinking and smoking(r=.4219, p<.001), drinking and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse(r=.2611, p<.001), smoking and the 7 different kinds of drug abuse(r=.1764, p<.001) among female students. 8. There was a correlation between drinking and family stability(r=.0709, p<.05) drinkry and parent -child relationships (r=.1321, p<.01), drinking and mother's rearing attitude(r=.0704, P<.05), smoking and parent -child relationships(r=.0813, P<.05). There was a correlation between drinking and family stability(r=.14S7, p<.01), drinkng and parent-child relationships(r=.2147, p<.001), smoking and family stability(r=.1544, p<.01), smoking and parent. -child relationships (r=. 2018, P<.01) among male students. There was a correlation between drinking and family stability(r=.1l21, p<.05), drinking and mother's rearing attitude (r=.0988, P<.05), smoking and parent -child relationships (r=. 0940, P<.05) among female students. 9. There was a significant difference between the 7 different kinds of drug abuse and family stability (t=2.23, p<.05), parent-child relationships (t=4. 34, p<.001), satisfaction with family (t=4.02, p<.001), father's rearing attitude(t=3.04, p<.01), mother's rearing attitude(t=2.87, p<.01). The distribution channel of drugs including alcohol beverages and cigarettes should be evaluated and restructured to discourage student's temptation and to limit accessibility. The step by step preventive teaching on alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking is needed from middle school to help prevent further drug abuse.

• 한국노년학
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.409-429
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• 2014

본 연구는 기혼 성인남녀 410명을 대상으로 노부모에 대한 성인자녀의 양가감정을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 양가감정을 묻는 직접측정 방식의 척도를 개발하고 그 다음 직접측정과 간접측정 간의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그 다음 성별에 따라 부모특성, 자녀특성, 관계특성이 노부모에 대한 성인자녀의 양가감정에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 먼저 양가감정 직접측정 척도 개발을 위해 탐색적 요인분석과 문항반응이론 분석을 실시하여 최종 9개의 문항을 선정하였다. 직접측정과 간접측정 간의 상관관계는 부모와 자녀 성별에 따라 r=.54(p<.000)에서 r=.62(p<.000) 범위를 나타내었다. 친밀감, 갈등, 관계만족도에 직·간접측정이 미치는 영향력은 아들, 딸 모두 갈등에는 간접측정의 영향력이 더 크고, 친밀감과 만족도는 직접측정의 영향력이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 부모특성, 자녀특성, 관계특성이 양가감정에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 전반적으로 간접측정보다 직접측정의 설명량이 높게 나타났으며, 아들의 경우 어머니에 대해서는 부양의무감이, 아버지에 대해서는 가치관이 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 딸은 어머니에 대해서는 본인 나이, 아버지에 대해서는 아버지 나이가 가장 큰 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 서구 및 중국의 연구결과와 비교했을 때 유사성 및 차별성을 모두 가지고 있으므로 한국적 상황에서 부모-자녀관계에서 양가감정이 가지는 의미에 대해 논의되었다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2024

본 연구의 목적은 아동의 자존감, 또래 애착, 부모 양육 태도, 아동의 그릿 간의 관계를 살펴보고, 아동의 자존감, 또래 애착, 부모 양육 태도가 아동의 그릿에 미치는 영향력을 알아보고자 하는데 있다. 한국아동패널 11차년도(2018년) 자료를 대상으로 빈도분석과 기술통계 분석을 통해 조사대상자의 특성을 파악하였고, 주요 변인간의 상관분석을 위해 Pearson's의 적률 상관계수를 산출하였다. 아동의 그릿에 대한 아동의 자존감, 또래 애착, 부모 양육태도의 영향력을 살펴보기 위해 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 아동의 자존감, 또래 애착, 부모 양육태도는 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아동의 자존감은 아동의 그릿에 긍정적 영향력이 있는 것으로 나타났고 또래 애착 하위 변인 중에서는 또래 신뢰가 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 부모 양육태도 하위 요인 중에서는 '모' 애정/관여, '부' 민주적 관계가 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 개인적 차원에서 아동의 자존감, 학교차원에서 또래 신뢰, 가정적 차원에서 모 애정과 부 민주적 관계가 아동의 그릿을 강화하는 유용한 변인임을 알 수있다. 이에 우리는 아동의 그릿 수준을 향상시키기 위해서 다각적 차원에서 개입과 지원으로 증진방안을 고려해야 할것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2001

목 적：초등학교 아동들에 대한 우울 정도의 평가 및 우울감과 관련된 요인들을 알아보고, 동시에 부모 우울감과의 관련성에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 방 법：대구 시내의 한 초등학교에 재학중인 5, 6학년 학생 258명에게 CDI를, 부모에게는 BDI를 실시하였으며, 동시에 우울감과 관련된 변인들에 대한 설문지도 실시하였다, 통계분석은 Pearson상관분석, t검정, 일원변량분석을 시행하였고, 통계적 유의 수준은 p<.05로 하였다. 결 과：1) 전체 아동의 CDI 평균점수는 $13.5{\pm}6.77$이었고, 어머니의 BDI 평균점수는 $13.3{\pm}7.25$, 아버지의 BDI 평균점수는 $11.6{\pm}7.03$이었다. 2) 아동관련 변인 중 성별, 건강상태, 학교성적, 가정의 경제상태에 따라 CDI 점수에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3) 어머니의 건강여부는 아동의 우울감에 다소 영향을 주었으나 부모의 학력, 종교유무, 아버지의 건강상태에 따라서는 CDI 점수에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4) 아동의 학교성적과 가정의 경제상태는 어머니의 BDI 점수에 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 아동의 학교성적은 아버지의 BDI 점수에도 다소 영향을 주었다. 5) CDI 각 항목들에 대한 분석에서는 아동의 성별에 따라서는 10개 항목, 건강여부에 대해서는 8개 항목, 경제상태에 대해서는 6개 항목에서 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 특히 아동의 학교성적에 대해서는 전체 27개 항목 중 20개 항목에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 7) 부모의 BDI 점수와 아동의 CDI 점수간에 유의한 상관을 보였으며, 특히 어머니와의 상관이 남아와 여아 모두에서 더욱 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결 론：아동의 우울감에는 아동의 성별, 건강여부, 학교성적, 경제상태 등이 모두 유의한 영향을 미치며, 특히 학교성적이 아동과 어머니의 우울감에 상당히 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나서 학교성적에 대한 부담이 매우 크다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 아동의 우울감과 부모의 우울감(특히 어머니)과의 상관이 높아서 어머니의 우울감이 아동 우울감과 큰 관련이 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 아동우울증 치료시 아동만의 문제 뿐 아니라 부모의 우울감, 부모-자녀 관계를 함께 고려하여야 할 필요성을 시사한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.854-863
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• 2017

Purpose: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study of cause-and-effect relationship, which used the $7^{th}$ year data of the Panel Study on Korean Children, to investigate the effects of parenting stress, depression, and family interactions of the parents of early school-age children on children's subjective happiness. Methods: The present study included data of 1419 pairs of parents who participated in the mother and father survey of the Panel Study on Korean Children. The effects of parenting stress, depression, and parental family interactions on children's subjective happiness were analyzed as actor and partner effects using path analysis. Results: Parenting stress had an actor effect on depression; maternal parenting stress (${\beta}=-.21$, p<.001) and depression (${\beta}=-.30$, p<.001) had an actor effect on maternal family interaction; and paternal parenting stress (${\beta}=-.18$, p<.001) and depression (${\beta}=-.17$, p<.001) had a partner effect on maternal family interaction. Paternal parenting stress was found to have an actor effect on paternal family interaction (${\beta}=-.30$, p<.001), and parental depression was found to have actor effect (${\beta}=-.23$, p<.001) and maternal depression had a partner effect on paternal family interactions (${\beta}=-.22$, p<.001). Children's subjective happiness was found to have a statistically significant relationship with maternal family interaction (${\beta}=.40$, p<.001). Conclusion: The significance of the study is in its provision of basic data for adjusting parents' family interactions that are closely related to the growth and development of children by confirming the effect of parents' parenting stress, depression, and family interaction on children's subjective happiness.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.255-273
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between characteristics of personality and respondent characteristics of Kinetic Family Drawing for young children. The subjects were 170 children(110 boys and 60 girls). The personal interview contained Personality Characteristic Test for young children(In-Sub Song, 1993) and Kinetic Family Drawing Test(Burns and Kaufman, 1982). Results of the test were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA by SAS program. Results are followings. First, chileren's sex and the general tendency of personal characteristic showed significant difference in the emotional personality among 4 personality characteristics. Girls show more positive tendency than boys in moral, physical, appearance and feature which expressed personal feeling and emotion. Also, girls showed more positive tendency than boys in personal characteristic which showed physical ability. Second, Children's sex and individual characteristic in Kinetic Family Drawing respondent characteristic showed significant difference in own's arm length. Also, Using a rare of paper and chapter 1 of the power among the family showed significant difference in styles and symbols. The boys drew lengther arms compared with their height than the girls. The girls were less complicative, anxious, comparative and aggressive for their family. Third, As a result of the study about the relationship between 4 personal characteristics of children and individual's behavior in Kinetic Family Drawing respondent characteristic, the significant difference is showed in academic personality and social personality had higher completion of their father's feature and drew bigger feet. In socal personality, negative behavior than positive children. Fourth, As a result of the study about the relationship between 4 personal characteristics of children and individual's characteristic, the significant difference were found in academic personality, social personality, family personality and emotional personality. Children with negative academic personality drew longer arms than children with positive academic personality, social personality and family personality. Also, Children with negative emotional personality drew more siblings than children with positive emotional personality. Fifth, The academic personality and the social personality had significant difference in the relationship between 4 personal characteristics of children and dynamics. In social personality, normal children were more tendencious to look at the important person with their mother's direction than positive children. Sixth, In terms of the relationship between 4 personal characteristics of children and mode, academic personality and family personality showed significant difference. Children with negative academic personality used more edge of papers than children with positive academic personality and children with positive academic personality and children with negative family personality fold more papers than children with positive family personality. At last, there were no significant difference between 4 personal characteristics of children and styles as well as symbols.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.257-267
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• 2016

본 연구는 장애아동을 그룹홈에 입소시킨 어머니의 양육경험 과정에 관한 질적연구이다. 연구 대상은 장애아동을 그룹홈에 입소시킨 어머니 8명이며, 연구방법으로는 심층면접 조사를 실시하였다. 개방코딩 결과 총 34개의 개념과 28개의 하위범주, 13개의 범주가 도출되었다. 이러한 범주들을 종합하여 '양육한계 봉착에 처한 후 그룹홈 입소로 관계 회복'을 핵심범주로 선택하였다. 실천 전략은 어머니의 양육단계에 따른 심리상담을 제공해야 하고, 장애아동 아버지들을 위한 프로그램을 제안하며, 학령기 비장애자녀에 대한 지원 방안이 모색되어야 하고, 대상자의 욕구에 적합한 차별화된 장애인시설이 필요하다. 정책적 차원에서는 돌봄 크레딧을 통해 장애아동 가족의 빈곤 문제의 최소화, 고운맘카드의 활용과 초기 의료사회복지적인 개입 필요, 시설순회학급 설치 확대, 성년후견제도 활용과 소득분위에 따른 장애아동 양육수당의 차등적 지급 등이 고려되어야 함을 제언하였다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of health behavior and self-esteem and the relationship between the two factors among elementary school students with multi-cultural family background. Participants: Survey participants were 87 multi-cultural family children who lived in Seoul and Kyoungi areas and were registered in the local elementary schools. Methods: Data collection was conducted by face-to-face interview survey. Elementary education majored undergraduate students who participated in the education support program for multi-cultural family children in the Ministry of Education and Science and primary researcher of this study interviewed the target students and finished the survey questionnaire based on the students' responses. Survey included general characteristics, multi-cultural family characteristics, self-esteem, and (physical, mental, and social) health behavior. Results: 1. The self-esteem scores of the multi-cultural families children were greater in girl than boys among the children whose parents were graduated from college or more, and whose father had his job. The participants' health behavior scores were different by mothers' educational level. 2. The better they speak in English the greater the self-esteem scores. There was no statistical difference in health behavior scores by the participants' multi-cultural family background. 3. Self-esteem had moderate level correlation with health behavior (r= .56, p= .00) including all sub-categories of physical, mental, and social health. Conclusions: Positive self-esteem level is more sensitive to explain multi-cultural family children's health behaviors, which means that self-esteem is an important factor determining multi-cultural children's health behaviors and their health status in future. Therefore, more research to identify the factors related to health behaviors should be supported and the health promotion programs utilizing self-esteem should be developed for the child and youth with multi-cultural family backgrounds.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.115-131
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• 2015

본 연구는 아버지의 거부적 양육태도와 공동체 의식, 유아의 인성 간의 관계를 밝히고, 아버지의 거부적 양육태도와 유아의 인성 간의 관계에 아버지의 공동체 의식이 매개 효과가 있는지를 규명하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울시에 소재한 유치원에 재원중인 만 4세와 5세 유아 207명과 그 아버지 207명으로 조사된 자료는 상관분석과 중다회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 아버지의 거부적 양육태도와 공동체 의식, 그리고 유아의 인성을 유아의 성과 연령에 따라 차이가 있는지를 살펴본 결과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 유아의 인성은 아버지의 거부적 양육태도와는 부적 상관이, 아버지의 공동체 의식과는 정적 상관이 있었다. 셋째, 부모의 거부적 양육태도가 유아의 인성에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 아버지의 공동체 의식이 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 유아기 자녀의 인성은 아버지의 공동체 의식과 밀접한 관계가 있으며 거부적인 양육태도를 가진 아버지라도 공동체 의식수준이 높으면 유아기 자녀의 인성에 긍정적 영향을 준다는 점을 시사하고 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6833-6838
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• 2013

The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the hopelessness and depression levels of parents of children diagnosed with cancer and undergoing cancer treatment and factors affecting these levels. The study was carried out with parents of 44 children receiving treatment in a paediatric haematology clinic of a university hospital. Data were collected using a survey form, the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and the Beck Depression Scale (BDS). The mean BDS score of the mothers and fathers was $18.3{\pm}11.30$ and $15.2{\pm}11.33$, respectively. The mean BHS score of the mothers was $6.45{\pm}4.40$, whereas the mean BHS score of the fathers was $5.88{\pm}4.27$. The results showed that the levels of hopelessness and depression among the mothers were higher than among the fathers (p<0.001). There was a positive relationship between the hopelessness and depression scores of the mothers and the fathers (p<0.05), and the levels of hopelessness and depression scores of the fathers increased as those of the mothers increased. A weak financial situation of the family increased the hopelessness and depression levels of the fathers. The hopelessness and depression levels of the mothers who were supported by their families and relatives were decreased compared to those without such support (p<0.05). The results show that the parents of children with cancer face many psychosocial and spiritual problems. Using simple screening tools, nurses can identify at-risk parents and direct them to support services. We conclude that actively encouraging families to avail themselves of support resources and supporting them financially would positively affect the levels of depression and hopelessness of parents of children with cancer.