Huh Jeong Eun;Lee Hyo Jung;Song Gyu Yong;Cha Bae Cheon;Kim Han Sung;Yoo Dong Youl;Ryu Shi Yong;Kim Sung Hoon
Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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v.16
no.3
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pp.452-457
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2002
Galla Rhois is a gallnut of Rhus javanica Linne used for treatment of diarrhea, hemorrhage, cough, leukorrhea and toxic tumor etc in oriental medicine. For the evaluation of antitumor effect of Galla Rhois, activity based fractionation was done. We isolated an effective compound and identified 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(PGG) by photometric analysis such as NMR and MASS. Then, we studied the angiogenic activity of PGG. It showed a cytotoxicity against SK-OV-3, SK-OV-3, HT1080 with IC/sub 50/ of 50 ug/ml approximately. It also effectively inhibited proliferation of HUVEC cells treated by bFGF to 30% of control at 20 ug/ml and cell migration to 80% at 10 ug in a dose dependent fashion. Tube formation of HUVEC cells on matrigel was effectively suppressed from 2.5 ug/ml of concentration by PGG. Moreover, it effectively recovered the dysfunction of gap junctional intercellular communication in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells caused by hydrogen peroxide at 4 ug/ml suggesting it potently can inhibit tumor promotion. Taken together, it indicates 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl- β -D-glucose has antiangiogenic activity.
We analyze the efficiency of congestion pricings and transit subsidies in the spatial micro-economic model based on a general equilibrium environment. In this setting, we decompose the total welfare change into component factors and identify the reason of the change in the efficiency caused by policy instruments; these component factors are divided into indirect factors and direct factors including of origin-destination and mode choices. We set up the model as adding mode choice to the standard format in the fashion of Anas and Kim (1996) and extend the methodology proposed by Yu and Rhee (2011) and Rhee (2012) for deriving theoretical and analytical solution. Most of welfare gain comes from the modal shift from car to bus. The relative efficiency of subsidies in relation to the first-best pricing is lower than it of congestion pricings although the change in bus share by subsidies is similar to it by congestion pricing. Subsidies give rise to more modal shift from a car to a bus for long-distance commuting than it caused by congestion pricings. As the increase of bus share for long-distance commuting leads to the increase of cross-commuters passing through CBD, the welfare gain by subsidies is lower than it by congestion pricings.
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a chemotherapy agent used for patients with ovarian cancers. CDDP activates multiple signaling pathways, which causes various cellular reactions according to the type of cancer cells. Therefore, it is difficult to clearly conclude its signaling pathways. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of the signal protein of Akt/ERK1/2 and MAPK by CDDP-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3). As a result, the number of apoptosis increased according to the TUNEL assay, and flow cytometric analysis confirmed that the percentage of sub-G1 early apoptosis was 8.73% higher than the control. The PARP and caspase-3 activity that appeared in the process of apoptosis was increased and the Bcl-2 expression was decreased. It was verified that the Akt and ERK1/2 activity was decreased, and p38 and JNK activity increased in a time dependent fashion. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that cisplatin inhibits the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting Akt activity and induces apoptosis by modulating the MAPK signaling pathway. However, a decrease in the ERK1/2 activity by CDDP was the opposite result to the result shown from the HeLa cells. For this reason, further research on signaling pathways is necessary. These results are expected to be useful for ovarian cancer treatment strategies targeting the MAPK pathway.
Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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v.24
no.6
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pp.25-34
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2019
VTON (Virtual try-on) is a key technology that can activate the online commerce of fashion items. However, the early 3D graphics-based methods require the 3D information of the clothing or the human body, which is difficult to secure realistically. In order to overcome this problem, Image-based deep-learning algorithms such as VITON (Virtual image try-on) and CP-VTON (Characteristic preserving-virtual try-on) has been published, but only a sampled results on performance is presented. In order to examine the strength and weakness for their commercialization, the performance analysis is needed according to the complexity of the clothes, the object posture and body shape, and the degree of occlusion of the clothes. In this paper, IoU and SSIM were evaluated for the performance of transformation and synthesis stages, together with non-DL SCM based method. As a result, CP-VTON shows the best performance, but its performance varies significantly according to posture and complexity of clothes. The reasons for this were attributed to the limitations of secondary geometric deformation and the limitations of the synthesis technology through GAN.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the current states of interior design as a major at vocational high schools and to suggest ways in which it can be improved. Three hundred and four students and twelve teachers of two vocational high schools comprised the sample population for this study. Data was collected using two methods, questionnaires and interviews. Frequency distribution, mean, and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. The findings of this study are as follows: The student respondents were more interested in studying residential design, furniture design and making, drafting and perspective drawing than other areas of study. Most teachers had difficulties teaching the subject of residential design because they were not well educated with this area. Surprisingly most students hoped to extend their education to a university or college after graduation, not to enter the workforce. According to teachers'responses, almost ninety percentage of students entered university or college. And more than two thirds of the students desired to study an interior design related major at the university level. Among graduates having jobs, half of them were working in interior design fields. If the students had to choose their jobs, they would work in interior design fields. The variables differentiating several related careers after graduation were school, grade, and sex. The students viewed interior design, interior coordination, and CAD related work as fields likely to enter upon graduating from vocational high schools; however, teachers viewed furniture making, interior accessorizing, and home fashion as fields more appropriate to the students'level of training. The teacher respondents criticized the textbooks in four categories; suitability with the students'level was average or below average; students'interest level and students'understanding level were average or above average; and whether the book was easy or difficult to be utilized for the purposes of teaching was also average or above average. The criticism was a little diverse depending on each book or each chapter. The teachers pointed out several problems using those books, such as insufficient examples or explanation, lack of coherence between some chapters, and an incompatibility with the allotted time frame in class. The merits of the textbooks varied such as a well organized structure, ability to generate students'interest. This study revealed that the strategy for improving the interior design major at vocational high schools should invoke, 1) dividing students into two groups-one to enter a university; the other to have jobs after graduation to focus their interests. 2) improving textbooks more appropriate to the students. 3) providing present teachers the opportunities for in-service training and hiring new teachers with credentials more suitable to educate students who desire to be interior designers.
Kim, Hyo-Sook;Sohn, Hee-Soon;Soon Im;Son, Hee-Jeong;Kim, Young-Sook;Chang, Hee-Kyung;Kim, Kyoung-Hwa
The International Journal of Costume Culture
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v.2
no.2
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pp.97-118
/
1999
Ever since China adopted a free market economy, it has been basking in unprecedented economic growth. It has now emerged as one of the most promising markets in the world for the near future. The purpose of this study was to investigate of Chinese and Korea college female students's cognitive body type and to suggest basic informations for high quality clothing merchandising for china export. The subjects in this study were 430 college female students, aged from 18 to 24 living in Beijing(215) and Seoul(215). The survey were taken from June to July, 1999. SAS(Statistical Analysis System) is used for frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, χ²-test. The results of this study are as follows. The 90% of Chinese collge female students has under 4000 yuan for monthly income, and they consume less than 1000 yuan for clothing purchasing for one year. About 42% chinese students are interested in controlling of physical body shape. The Korean college female students has from 1,000,000 won to 10,000,000 won for monthly income, and the 84% of them consume less than 1,000,000 for clothing purchasing for one year. It represents of economical difference between China and Korea. Examination on the Korean and Chinese self-perception on obesity of the body as a whole showed that both groups perceived themselves as normal or slightly overweight. More Korean respondents regarded their weight as normal than the Chinese did. The Chinese female college students perceived themselves rather overweight, and held a lower satisfaction level about their physical construction. While the Korean female college students showed low satisfaction level about specific bodily parts, they held a normal level of satisfaction about their physical construction as a whole. It is noteworthy that more Chinese respondents generally held lower satisfaction impressions about their physical construction than their Korean counterparts. It is needed to different merchandising project for export clothing in China.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of wearing roller shoes and jogging shoes on kinematic characteristics in lower extremity during walking. Eight male middle school students(age: $15.0{\pm}0.0^{\circ}$ yrs, height $175.9{\pm}6.6cm$, weight: $616.3{\pm}84.9$ N) who have no musculoskeletal disorder were recruited as the subjects. Temporal parameters, step length, stride length, center of mass, velocity of CM, angle of segment, angular velocity and range of motion were determined for each trial. For each dependent variable, paired t-test was performed to test if significant difference existed between shoe conditions(p < .05). The results showed that stride length and velocity of CM in wearing roller shoes were significantly less than those found in wearing jogging shoes. These indicated that walking patterns may be changed by different shoe conditions and unstable braking condition because of wheel. Angle of ankle joint at LHC1 and LHC2 in wearing roller shoes was greater than the corresponding value for wearing jogging shoes. It seems that the ankle joints are locked in an awkward fashion at the heel contact to compensate for imbalance. Otherwise, dorsi flexion was not produced at the heel contact point in wearing roller shoes.
Power shoulder look is most noticeable trend in women's wear in the 09/10 season. Specially jackets with sharper angle and wider shoulder became the best item since then, and were chosen for must-have item by fashion directors. Jacket occupied 50% in power shoulder items. Its shoulder angle was from 0 to 30 degree but items with 15 degree stood out among them. There are three methods to make power shoulder look jackets; shoulder extension method with moving shoulder tip up and sleeve cap height, method of extension and cutting sleeve cap with shorten shoulder length, and method of extension and moving shoulder tip up in the sleeve with shoulder line like raglan sleeve. As a result, shoulder angle is higher, starting point of shoulder line is closer to side neck point and shoulder point is extender to outside for appearance and fit. In shoulder extension method, the arm hole line was drawn with care by matching joining shoulder seam and setting the sleeve into the arm hole. In sleeve cap transformation, it is desired that starting point shoulder angle is moved closely to side neck point. In case of the sleeve with shoulder line, it needs to consider enough ease of shoulder and upper arm. For making patterns of power shoulder look jacket, it need to consider arm hole line, shoulder length, shoulder point position, sleeve cap height and sleeve width with interpretation design facts. In this study, through the analysis clothing construction method of power shoulder jacket, it is of help to pattern making for various power shoulder design items.
Hong, Tae Min;Lee, Ji Eun;Hong, Young Ki;Lee, Jung Soon;Cho, Dae Hyun;Lee, Seung Goo
Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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v.14
no.3
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pp.117-120
/
2013
The prepreg material is a sheet of the reinforcement pre-impregnated with a resin. In this study, two types of prepreg were prepared with a general phenolic resin and the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) modified phenolic resin, respectively, with resin content of 40 wt%. After resin impregnation, the prepregs were heat treated in an oven to make them the B-stage. Surface morphology of the prepreg was observed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Tack property of the prepreg is one of the major properties that govern the ability of prepreg to be laid up. In this study, the tack of prepreg was measured under various test parameters by a probe tact test. Test parameters were contact time, contact force and debonding rate. Most of the tack properties of the prepreg increased with the test parameters. Then tack properties exhibited a linear behavior with test parameters before a saturation point. Also, the tack of prepreg was investigated in relation with the fibrillation phenomena involved in the prepreg surface with the debonding rate.
This study has attempted to investigate the effect of the stress of college life and self-efficacy on depression against 366 students from beauty-related colleges. First, according to analysis on the stress of college life, self-efficacy and depression levels, the stress of college life was an intermediate level or lower (M=2.40). Among subordinate factors, 'academic performance' was the highest, followed by 'future career' and 'economic difficulties' in terms of a stress level. The self-efficacy was more than an intermediate level (M=3.21). Among subordinate factors, 'self-regulation' was the highest while 'difficult assignment' was the lowest in terms of a stress level. Second, the stress of college life showed a negative correlation with self-efficacy but positive correlation with depression. In addition, a negative correlation was observed between self-efficacy and depression. Third, in the stress of college life, 'academic performance' and 'values' had a positive effect. In self-efficacy, 'academic performance' and 'values' revealed a positive effect while 'confidence' and 'self-regulation' had a negative effect on depression.
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