• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2004

현재 우리나라에서 유기농업이란 화학비료와 농약을 주지 않고 작물을 재배하는 기술로 통칭되어지고 있으나 광의의 개념으로 농업 생태계의 건강 생물의 다양성. 생물학적 순환 및 토양 생물학적 활동을 촉진 및 증진시키는 하나의 총체적 생산관리체제라 할 수 있다 유기재배에 있어 작물을 위한 양분의 공급을 주로 다양한 퇴비에 의존하므로 지속적인 유기농 재배는 토양의 비옥도 및 이화학적 특성에 결정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 품질 인증 후 유기농 재배를 장기적으로 수행하고 있는 안정적인 유기농산물 생산 농가를 대상으로 하여 지속적인 유기농 재배가 어떻게 토양의 이화학적 특성 변화에 영향을 미치는지 구명해 보고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 전국의 유기농가 중 2-3년의 전환기를 거쳐 품질인증 받은 후 8-10년이 지난 안정적인 유기농 재배기술을 보유하고 있는 유기농가의 재배지 토양을 대상으로 시료 채취 후 토양 내 이화학적 특성을 알아보았다. 이때 작물은 엽채, 과채, 과수의 세 부분으로 크게 분류하여 대상작물에 대해 각각 5농가씩 선정하여 토양 내 퇴비의 시용량과 토양 내 양분함량과의 관계를 질소, 인산, 칼륨에 초점을 맞추어 알아보았다. 퇴비의 시용량은 대개의 농가가 처음 2-3년 간 10a 당 10-15톤의 축분퇴비를 공급하여 유기물 함량을 $10-50g\;kg^{-1}$로 조절한 후 일단 유기물 함량이 충분히 안정되었을 때 퇴비의 량을 10a 당 3-4톤으로 감량하여 공급하였다. 그러나 장기간의 유기농 재배는 질소, 인산, 칼륨 및 기타 금속양이온의 토양 내 양분 집적을 초래하였으며 특히 인의 경우 축적정도는 매우 높았다. 따라서 유기 재배지 토양 내 양분 축적을 막고 효과적인 양분함량의 관리를 위해 퇴비의 시용량은 적절한 토양 검정을 통해 합리적으로 유기물 원 및 시용량을 결정할 뿐 아니라 시용량 결정시에도 질소 기준에서 인산의 기준으로 전환하여 시용함으로서 토양 내 축적 인산의 함량을 줄여나가며 동시에 부족한 질소를 두과작물을 이용한 윤작체계에 의해 보충함으로써 본래의 유기농 의미에 충실한 환경친화적 방향으로 나아가야 할 것이다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2020

The agricultural tractor is a multi-purpose vehicle, which is frequently used in the agricultural field. It must be highly reliable in terms of human safety. Design and analysis of agricultural tractors must be performed using actual agricultural workload to maintain high reliability. Additionally, the frequency with which various components and systems are used must also be taken into consideration. In this study, a tractor is built to measure its workload in the actual field. Further, the measured load was analyzed for various farming tasks. The range of ratios of consumed power to engine power was measured to be 42.6%-87.2%, 75.1%-97%, 26.5%-59.2% for a plow, rotary, and harvest tasks, respectively. The results were fed into a transmission simulation model to analyze the strength and life of the transmission components. We conclude that a more reliable product can be constructed by incorporating the transmission analyses using the actual load.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2003

Iron deficiency and anemia are severe nutrition problems in most of Korea. Iron intake, especially iron with better bioavailability is insufficient over a total age group. Recent changes in diet and life style of Koreans have been repeatedly suggested problems caused by excess nutrient intake rather than under intake. Despite the changes in diet patterns, iron deficient anemia is still prevalent in many parts of Korea. Eight hundred and fifty subjects (323 male and 527 female subjects) in Asan were recruited from farming, factory and urban area. Each subject was interviewed to assess nutrients intakes according to a 24hr-recall method. Twelve hour fasting blood samples were collected to vacutainer with EDTA for hemoglobin (Hb) and separate the tubes for serum iron (SI) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC). The mean serum iron value of female subjects in the factory area was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the female subjects in the urban area although subjects in urban area showed significantly higher the dietary iron intake for both the men and woman (p < 0.05). Dietary iron intake for the younger women was lowest in the farming area and those in the urban area showed the highest dietary iron intake (p < 0.05). When the dietary iron intake was compared by different the age groups, dietary iron intake of the older women from animal sources was less than that of younger women in the urban area (p < 0.05). Dietary iron intake of Asan residents was not sufficient regardless of age, sex and regions and intake of heme iron was especially lower than nonheme iron. (J Community Nutrition 5(1) : 37∼43, 2003)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.356-365
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• 1999

This study was carried out to evaluate high-school students' nutrient intakes according to the status of depressive trends, and to analyse the in physical and mental health status. The volunteers were 560 high school students selected from 8 provinces, but 511 students were analyzed. A was used for evaluation, The questions were composed in consideration of socio-demographic characteristics, physical health condition by CMI, mental condition assessed by a modified Zung's self-rating depression scale (SDS), and the evaluation of food consumption by a 24 hours recall method. The family situations of the subjects were mostly nuclear family(73%), agricultural work(53%), and having religion(53%). Only 3% of the students suffered depression where as 19% showed depression trendencies. The individual factors that affected their mental condition were family farming and consciousness of academic accomplishment. The health status counted with CMI was 6.2/20 scores. The non-depressed trend group of students had a lower score of CMI than others. The overall nutrient intakes of students were low compared with the Korean RDA for adolescents. The Mean Adequacy Ratio(MAR) of nutrient intakes was only $0.45{\pm}0.23$. Iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin intakes were significantly low and correlated with depressive trend score. The result from the regression analysis showed that CMI, study accomplishment, and vitamin A were the most significant factors influencing mental condition. We concluded that Korean rural high-school students were healthy in mental condition and showed lower rates of depression academic. For there more we could say that the intakes of iron and vitamin A also influenced mental health. Findings confirmed the need of becoming hopeful job of farming and better nutritional status. These situations would be necessary for students to ameliorate the quality of rural living.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.244-256
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• 1990

본 연구는 기계화(機械化) 영농단(營農團)의 조직, 농기계(農機械) 보유(保有) 및 이용(利用), 경지규모 등을 조사분석하고, 농기계(農機械) 이용비용(利用費用), 작업시간, 소요 노동력 등을 산출할 수 있는 수학적(數學的) 모델을 개발한 후, NGP를 이용하여 기계화 영농단의 규모별 적정(適正) 농기계(農機械)의 기종(機種) 및 태수(台數)를 결정하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 충남지방의 50개의 기계화 영농단에 대하여 조사표에 의한 조사분석을 실시하고, 시스템분석을 통하여 수학적(數學的) 모델과 컴퓨터 프로그램의 개발에 필요한 각종 자료를 준비한 후, 컴퓨터 프로그램 MFSDlNGP를 개발한 후, 이것을 이용하여 기계화(機械化) 영농단(營農團)의 5ha규모에서부터 40ha까지 9개 수준의 규모에 대하여 적정(適正) 농기계(農機械)를 선정하였으며 그 결과는 표(表)8과 같다. 적정기종(適正機種) 선정결과(選定結果) 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. (1) 기계화영농단의 규모 5~40ha 범위에서 적정농기계(適正農機械) 선정에 따른 年間利用費用(연간이용비용)은 1,444~37,663천원/yr와 289~942천원/ha-yr로 분석되었다. (2) 기계화영농단의 규모 20ha에서 부터는 농기계(農機械) 이용비용(利用費用)이 급격히 증가하는 것으로 분석되어 대규모(大規模) 기계화(機械化) 영농단(營農團)을 위한 적합기종(適合機種)의 개발이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.767-780
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• 2008

인구감소와 고령화가 진행되고 있는 농산촌 지역의 '내발적 발전'에 의한 지역 활성화를 알아보기 위해서, 지역 활성화를 추진하고 있는 학산면 모리를 사례로 이러한 활동을 내발적 측면에서 검토하고, 이후의 과제를 지적하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 모리마을은 특산물인 포도의 유통 구조 복잡성과 수입 포도의 증가로 농외소득을 증대시키기 위해서 도농교류를 도입하였으며, 이로 인해 농외소득이 증가하고 있다. 도농교류 도입에 의한 운영 위원회가 조직되고 이장을 포함한 지역 리더가 여러 업무를 겸임하면서 마을업무가 일부 리더에게 집중되어 있다. 일부 리더 중심의 업무형태와 주민의 역할이 없는 마을 활성화사업은 지속성의 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 모리마을의 주민과 리더간의 문제점을 해결하기 위해서는 마을지도자, 참가 주민, 미참가 주민, 민박 등에 대한 세부적인 교육을 통해 최대한 많은 주민에게 적합한 역할분담이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 산업공학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.193-207
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• 1998

The agriculture and fishery share in the Korean GDP is continuously decreasing after 1960s. Furthermore the proportion of these industries in the GDP has diminished as low as 10 percent in recent years. However, the stockbreeding sector in these industries are considerably expanded. More than 50 percent of the whole farmhouses are involved in the livestock farming, and the stock farming portion is steadily increased in its size and scope. Thus, the mechanization and the automization of stockbreeding equipments are greatly required to reduce down production cost, as well as to win the competitiveness in the global market. From this aspect, developed in this paper is a stockbreeding management system (SMS) for dairy cattle, which can be used in small and medium sized dairy farms. First, the basic schema of the stockbreeding management system are addressed in view of stockbreeding management for individual dairy cattle. Electronic identification (EI) systems and sensory devices have changed stockbreeding management strategy from group stock control into individual stock control manner. The SMS receives stock body measurement data through the sensory devices such as weight, temperature, and milk conductivity meters. A common database then integrates those measuring data together so that the SMS can determine the appropriate solution on each stock's breeding such as feeding and milking. Thus, each stock can be supervised by a sophisticated SMS that provides the best solution to the stockbreeding throughout the stock's whole life-cycle. Secondly. six major submodules of the SMS, based on the EI and sensory devices, are proposed. They are individual stock management, disease management, health management, feeding management, milking management, and a propagation management submodule. Finally, a prototype system for the SMS is demonstrated. The system is developed using Delphi 2 client-server system run under the Windows 95 environment.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 1993

The symptoms of farmer's syndrome that occurred to Korean farmers are due to the specific characteristics of Korean agriculture, and the basic reasons are poverty and less-privileged rural cultural life originated from social and political conditions. Then the purposes of this study are to investigate farmer's syndrome of farmers and to get substantial data to make a strategy that could prevent diseases. The results are as follows: 1. The most common symptom was lumbago(83.0%) among the 7 kinds of symptoms of farmer's syndrome. And it was more common among women who deliver babies and also work house chores and 10 farms than men(p<0.05). 2. The numbers of symptoms of farmer's syndrome increased as age increases and, 71.4% of those aged 70-79 complained some of the symptoms. 3. The accident rate due to agricultural machine was significantly higher in men than women(p<0.05). By frequency contusion was the most common trauma, fall, fracture were the nexts, and the age group with highest accident rate(40%) was those aged 20-29. 4. To see the significantly correlated factors between faemer's syndrome and sociodemo graphic variables, the more the numbers of family members were, the more lumbago and the less heartburn occurred. And the less gross income was the more frequent nocturnal urinary frequency occurred, and the wider the farming land was the more frequent noctural urinary frequency occurred. 5. As result of correlation coefficient between the numbers of illnesses and sociodemographic variables, the larger the family was and the larger the farming land was the more illnesses the subjects had, and those without spouses had more illnesses.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1979

This study was designed to investigate calcium intake, the ratio of Ca intake versus R.D.A. (Recommended Dietary Allowance) for Ca, apparent Ca absorption rate, and Ca sources of food among school children in Korea. One hundred school children aged from 6 to 12 years were engaged in this study; 33 subjects were from farming village neal Seoul, and 67 children from big cities. Two days of food consumption records and feces collections of the subjects had been done from April 1978 to June 1978. The following observations were made in the present study; 1) Average Ca intake of total subjects was $457{\pm}214mg$ which is only 76% of R.D.A. for Ca. Calcium intakes for farming village children was higher than that of the subjects from big cities (p<0.05). 2) Survey on the food sources of Ca revealed that the amount of Ca taken from cereals averaged 120 mg (22.3% of total Ca intake), 111 mg (24.3%) from fruits and vegetables, 176 mg (38.5%) from meats, poultry, fishes and eggs, and only 68 mg (14.9%) was supplied by milk and milk products. From the data collected, following observations were made; a) No significant difference in Ca intake from cereals was found between village children and the ones from big cities. b) Average Ca intake from fruits and vegetables of city children was significantly higher than that of village children (p<0.005) with the values for 133 mg for the former and 64 mg for the latter. c) For the group of meats, poultry, fishes and eggs, significantly higher intake was found in village subjects than city children (p<0.0005) with the values of 340 mg and 95 mg, respectively. d) Contrarily, Ca intake from milk and milk products was significantly (p<0.0005) much higher in the city children (98 mg) than village ones (7 mg). 3) Apparent Ca absorption rate of total subjects was 51%; 44% for village children and 54% for city children. Ca absorption rate tends to be higher in the city subjects but no significant difference was noted.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2016

Background: Constipation is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder. The present study examined the ability of water extract of fermented (FRC) and non-fermented (NFRC) roasted Cassia tora to improve intestinal function and reduce constipation in a rat constipation model. Methods and Results: Different concentration of FRC and NFRC were orally administered loperamide (5 mg/kg; LOP) reduced the number, weight, and water content of feces, as well as intestinal transit motility. However, 24 h-(24 hour fermented roasted-Cassia tora) 300 mg/kg FRC administration increased the number, weight, and water concent of feces, compared to that seen in the LOP group, and also improve intestinal transit mitility and, the thickness of distal colon and mucous fluid. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that LOP-induced constipation was improved by treatment with FRC. Therefore FRC could be used to develop functional foods or natural medicine for constipation. However, further study is needed to clarify how fermentation improves the medicinal properties of roasted C. tora.