• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.5 s.162
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• pp.307-312
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• 2005

This study aimed to develop an agroforestry technology through the participation of local people. The study was conducted in the Makiling Forest Reserve (MFR) of the University of the Philippines Los Banos (UPLB). Diagnosis and Design (D&D) methodology was employed to plan and implement effective research and development projects. Diagnostic interview and direct field observation were conducted to identify the significance of the land-use system and to understand how the system works. As a result of the diagnostic interview and direct field observation in San Vicente, old coconut-based land-use system is shifting to mahogany-based agroforestry system. One of the reasons is due to the very complicated socio-economic and silvicultural factors including lower price of coconut farm products, industry development, lack of labor force, and pest and diseases. Change in land use brought about by the shifting to mahogany-based farming system is slow. Also, mahogany trees are observed to be not well-maintained. However, mahogany based land use system gives farmers' a bigger income as well as environmental benefit. Farmer's cooperation and local forestry policy for CDM were proposed to encourage people's self-restoration effort.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.31-48
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• 2013

South Korea had encouraged farmers to breed bear to increase farmer's income since 1981. Currently farmers breed over thousand number of bears, however but the policy measures for breeding bears is expected to conflict the main stream of bear conservation due to South Korea belong to the member of CITES, which categorizes and manages bears under Wild Fauna and Flora Protection Act. Government needs to establish a special law containg the win-win relief strategy not only for farmers of breeding bears, but international corresponding policy. So, we have reviewed the domestic status and international trends on breeding bears, and suggest the alternative strategies of the policy such as a bear park, a bear village, use of species recovery center, use of a preservation organization. This policy should be accompanied with more detailed fact analysis, management agency, well equipped welfare facility and financial preparation for proper management of breeding bears against changing international trends on wildlife conservation.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.45-71
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• 2001

The duck-rice forming system is increasingly spread up throughout Korea since 1992. It is discussed the rice field, rice quality, weed and pest management in the duck-rice weeding system compared to conventional farming system. Moreover the optimizing duck population, system management and fertilizer application rate were reported. Energy input and output by duck-rice farming system were carefully compared with those of low input sustainable paddy field and conventional farming paddy field. To find out the environmentally sound function of duck-rice system, the total nitrogen in paddy soil and paddy water, and nitrogen cycle in paddy rice cultivation system were analysed. finally the input and output were calculated, and ecological characteristic were determined in terms of nitrogen balance, labor input, animal input, renewable energy input, turnover of soil organic matter, energy loss, non-renewable indirect and direct energy input. It was concluded duck-rice weeding system could be recommended in terms of net only environmentally sound, but also farmer's income. But there are still some research needs for successful adaption of duck-rice farming to investigate to determine the optimal population of duck in rice paddy field unit, release time of duckling, duck management after release, and strategy for duck marketing and duck processing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.10-16
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• 2003

Natural resource plants have been useful and helpful materials for human to against diseases and Prevention since ancient Egyptian and Roman times. However, according to recent survey, its habitat and indigenous are continuously decreased and almost extinct some valuable species, as Adonis vernalis, Digitalis lanata etc., especially in Eastern Europe and east Asian countries due to radical political and social reforms. ESCOP and FAO have already initiated to protect the endangered species for conservation, protection and propagation technology but it is not easy tasks without global concerning. Most natural resource plants have volatile components in essential oils and its consumption and demanding is increased every year, which contained certain compounds have no side effects and good properties for biological activities. Essential oils of natural resource plants are also well known for medical purposes, such as Central Nervous System (CNS, linalool), anticancer (d-limonene, perillyl alcohol, etc.), microbial and fungicidal activities (menthol, borneol, etc). Essential oil also used for natural therapy to prevent and increase immune systems instead of chemical synthesis drugs. With this, researchers of natural resource plants are ultimately faced to develop and optimal technology for increasing the Korean farmer's income by high added-value herbal products in present and future.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.61-75
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• 1996

Apple is most favorable fruit in Korea, and apple farmland has been increased before and after the agreements of Uruguay Round and apple is considered as one of strategic agricultural products. Especially expansion of apple farmland is concentrated in Kyungpook region because of the suitable climate and its market share is about 70 percents in 1992. The marketing channels of apples of Kyungpook region are widely classified by merchant, agricultural or horticultural co-op and large scale farmer's. Among them market share of merchant's occupy over 65 percent. In marketing margins, commercial profit is higher than cost in total marketing margins and, assembler and retailer's margin is not less than wholesaler's. The fluctuation of the price of apple is high in year. The marketing problems of apples are several, first, complex marketing channels, secondly, the high percentage of market share by growing district assembler, thirdly, low rate of package and quality standardization, finally, concentration of shipment of apple because of the shortage of apple processing, storage and marketing facilities, of newly produced apples. In conclusion, to increase apple grower's income with the stabilization of supply and quality upgrade, the improvement measures of marketing system are as follows, first, government level's support in marketing facilities and mechanism, secondly, the increment of supply by grower's cooperatives, thirdly, the establishment of a serious of marketing system to increase the efficiency, fourthly, the establishment of cold-chain system and quality standardization of apple, finally, production of various kinds of apple processing goods.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 1994

Farm land is considered the most important production factor in farm production. Land is not only one of the most scarce resource but also the size of land holding is the key factor in determining the size of farm income in Korea. To increase farm productivity by accepting bio-chemical and mechnical technology, the qualitative improvement of farm land through land consolidation and on-farm development have been carried out by the Korean government. Land consolidation with water resource development makes possible the high-tech-capital intensive farming, internal expansion of farm land and hightening the rate of land intensity in connection with UR problems. This paper contained the present status of farm land base development, allocation of investment by types of farm land development and the econome-trical analysis on the effects of the investment on rice productivity during the past 27 years since 1965. The rate of irrigated paddy area had been increased from 42% in 1965 to 74% in 1991. Land consolidated area out of the total paddy area had been achieved 44.9% and the improved rate of poor drained paddy area was shown 43.5% in 1991. To carry out the above farm land base development projects, the government had procured financial budgets consisting of the G't subsidy, long term loan, foreign loan, the provincial G't subsidy, WFP counter fund and farmer's burden.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2021

This study analyzed the effect of the farm's sense of community on participation satisfaction by participating in the contract cultivation of onions. To this end, we investigated the participation satisfaction with the sense of community's emotional connection, fulfillment of need, membership, and influence. According to the analysis of the sense of community of onion farmers, the definition of need, membership, and influenced participation satisfaction and were statistically significant. It was also shown to affect sense of community in the order of membership, Influence, fulfillment of need, and emotional connection. Therefore, it is necessary to form a continuous relationship with the leader and Nonghyup, to lead to improved farm income, induce pride as a member of participating farmers, and form a positive perception among onion farmers.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.869-881
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• 2023

A genetic improvement program in Korea was implemented to improve the performance of Hanwoo cattle by generating livestock with genetically desirable economic characteristics. In particular, in response to external changes, such as the expansion of Free Trade Agreement (FTA), the livestock genetic improvement program has increased farm income by improving the productivity and quality of Hanwoo cattle. Using production cost data from Statistics Korea, the total input and output indices of Hanwoo feeding cattle from 2008 - 2021 were estimated and the growth and productivity changes were analyzed. The productivity change measures results were used to estimate the cumulative effects of the Hanwoo genetic improvement program on quality improvement, another purpose of the program, using a finite distributed lag model. The average annual increase in output (market weight) of Hanwoo was 0.9%. However, total input increased by 1.6%, resulting in a 0.6% decline in total factor productivity. In contrast, the Hanwoo genetic improvement program contributed significantly to the production of high quality beef, rather than contributing to improved productivity of the cattle. Hanwoo carcass weight, which is used as a performance indicator for the livestock genetic improvement program, has significantly improved and is projected to increase at a slower rate. The collective findings indicate the need for new performance indicators that can comprehensively indicate the performance of the genetic improvement of Hanwoo.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-81
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• 2007

Types of agricultural policy can be catagorized into two general cases: price and income supports. Income supports are any government program designed to provide farmers with higher incomes than they would receive otherwise. These direct cash payments to farmers are known as "deficiency payment" or "direct payment" because they compensate the farmer for the failure of the market to provide farmers with adequate prices. The direct payment to environment-friendly agriculture is a form of income supports for the agriculture production using less pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Because no significant regulation exists on the use of fertilizers substituting chemical fertilizers for crop, the role of the payment on reducing environmental impacts of agriculture is not entirely clear. This uncertainty is likely to be particularly severe in the case that farmers with low-quality land showing greater demand for fertiliser have an incentive to transition to environment-friendly agriculture. The paper shows the case of the current payment system in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.387-394
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• 2002

This study was conducted to compare an econamical efficiency of a recommended rate of fertilizer with the criterion of the sustainable agriculture direct income support system(SADISS). Red pepper was cultivated with different fertilizer application levels of the standard amount of fertilizer for red pepper(SAFR), fertilizer recommended by soil testing for red pepper(FRST) and decrement of 20, 40, 60 and 80 percent of fertilizer recommended by soil testing for red pepper(DFRST 20, 40, 60, 80) and that of farmer's habitual practies fertilization (FHPF). The changes by different levels of applied fertilizer was compared with those of SADISS. The results were summirized as follows: No yield difference was found among the FHPF, SAFR, FRST and DFRST20, but yield decrease in FRST40, 60 and 80. T-N, $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ in FHPF were 24, 9 and 53 percent respectively, and it were the lowest ones among the treatments. Fertilizer efficiency of red pepper was decreased with application rate of fertilizer. Fertilization ratio of N and P in DFRST(40, 60, 80 percent) was not sufficiency for red pepper. Economical efficiency of FRST and DFRST20 showed sufficiently in comparison with FHPF. Therefore, it could be possible that FRST and DFRST20 were recommended as methods for SADISS in red pepper cultivation.