• 한국음향학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.75-79
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• 1999

다중채널 탄성파 음원배열에서 불발 음원에 따라 탐사 성능에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 음원배열의 빔 패턴과 원거리장 파형 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 원거리장 파형의 주신호 진폭은 전체 건 부피의 약 40%에 해당하는 음원들이 불발을 일으킬 경우, 탐사성능이 66% 정도 유지되는 것으로 확인되었다. 154㎐에서 같은 간격의 음원들이 불발 시에는 배열 형태와 관계없이 길이 및 폭 배열의 빔 폭이 동일하게 나타난다. 길이 배열의 빔 패턴에서는 불발된 음원의 부피가 증가됨에 따라 빔 폭이 41°에서 34°로 좁아지는 경향을 나타낸다. 따라서 부피가 작은 음원 배열일수록 빔폭이 좁고 양호한 파형이 생성되므로 작은 에너지가 요구되는 천부 지층탐사에 적합한 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.413-418
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• 2000

The noise sources from a rotating cylinder were identified to describe the blunt trailing edge noise. Firstly, LES formulation was applied to a non-orthogonal grid system and was tested with three-dimensional cross-flow over a cylinder with a yaw angle. The computed far-field noise showed peaks at Strouhal numbers ranging from 0.135 to 0.165 for the yawed cylinder flow with end-plates placed at both extremes under the yaw angle of $30^{\circ}$ and Reynolds number of $1.15{\times}10^4$. It was observed that the slantwise shedding at angles other than the cylinder yaw angle is intrinsic to inclined cylinder, with the result of shedding angles between $15^{\circ}$ and $31^{\circ}$. To study the trailing-edge wake thickness and unsteady lift-coefficient distribution in the span-wise direction of a rotating fan blade, the flows around rotating cylinder with 1,000 rpm were simulated and the far-field noise was exactly computed using the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings equation with quadrupole source term. The incoming velocities and stagnant zones were continuously distributed along the cylinder, and their changes made the Strouhal sheddings to occur at different phases even at almost same Strouhal number.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.810-815
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• 2003

Flow-induced noise propagated from flow over a sphere is numerically investigated for laminar flow at Re = 300 and 425, and for turbulent flow at Re = 3700 and $10^4$, where the Reynolds number is based on the freestream velocity and the sphere diameter. The numerical method used for obtaining the flow over a sphere is based on an immersed boundary method in a cylindrical coordinate system. The Curle’s solutions of the Lighthill’s acoustic analogy with and without the far-field and compact-source approximation are used in order to investigate the noise field from flow over a sphere. Since the drag and lift forces change irregularly in time at Re = 425, 3700 and $10^{4}$, the noise propagates in a complicated manner. At Re = 300, 425 and $10^{4}$, the noise from dipole sources is much larger than that from quadrupole sources. On the other hand, at Re = 3700, the quadrupole source becomes dominant. The temporal variation of the flow-induced noise around a sphere is obtained at some observation points, which shows that the peak frequency corresponds to the Strouhal number associated with the wake instability.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.37.1-37.1
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• 2014

There exists strong evidence supporting the co-evolution of central supermassive black holes and their host galaxies; however it is still under debate how such a relation comes about and whether it is relevant for all or only a subset of galaxies. An important mechanism connecting AGN to their host galaxies is AGN feedback, potentially heating up or even expelling gas from galaxies. AGN feedback may hence be responsible for the eventual quenching of star formation and halting of galaxy growth. A rich multi-wavelength dataset ranging from the X-ray regime (Chandra), to far-IR (Herschel), and radio (WSRT) is available for the North Ecliptic Pole field, most notably surveyed by the AKARI infrared space telescope, covering a total area on the sky of 5.4 sq. degrees. We investigate the star-formation properties and possible signatures of radio feedback mechanisms in the host galaxies of 237 radio-AGN below redshift z=2 and at a radio 1.4 GHz flux density limit of 0.1 mJy. Using broadband SED modeling, the nuclear and host galaxy components of these sources are studied simultaneously as a function of their radio luminosity. Here we present results concerning the AGN content of the radio sources in this field, while offering evidence supporting a "maintenance" type of feedback from powerful radio-jets.

• 천문학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2004

Anomalies in the far-infrared [C II] 158 ${\mu}m$ line emission observed in the central one-kiloparsec regions of spiral galaxies are reviewed. Low far-infrared intensity ratios of the [C II] line to the continuum were observed in the center of the Milky Way, because the heating ratio of the gas to the dust is reduced by the soft interstellar radiation field due to late-type stars in the Galactic bulge. In contrast, such low line-to-continuum ratios were not obtained in the center of the nearby spiral M31, in spite of its bright bulge. A comparison with numerical simulations showed that a typical column density of the neutral interstellar medium between illuminating sources at $hv {\~} 1 eV $ is $N_H {\le}10^{21}\;cm^{-2}$ in the region; the medium is translucent for photons sufficiently energetic to heat the grains but not sufficiently energetic to heat the gas. This interpretation is consistent with the combination of the extremely high [C Il]/CO J = 1-0 line intensity ratios and the low recent star-forming activity in the region; the neutral interstellar medium is not sufficiently opaque to protect the species even against the moderately intense incident UV radiation. The above results were unexpected from classical views of the [C II] emission, which was generally considered to trace intense interstellar UV radiation enhanced by active star formation.

• 천문학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 1996

We have studied the star forming activities and dust properties of Lynds 1251, a dark cloud located at relatively high galactic latitude. Eleven IRAS point sources identified toward Lynds 1251 are discussed. Estimate of stellar masses, and far-infrared lumnosities of the young stars associated with two prominent IRAS point sources imply that these are T-Tauri stars with masses smaller than $0.3 M_\bigodot$. The low dust temperature of 27 K and low ratio of FIR emission to hydrogen column density are probably due to the lack of internal heating sources. Presumably two low mass young stars do not have enough energy to heat up the dust and gas associated. The dust heating is dominated by the interstellar heating source, and the weaker interstellar radiation field can explain the exceptionally low dust temperatures found in Lynds 1251. The estimated dust mass of Lynds 1251 is just $\~1M_\bigodot$, or about 1/1000 of gas mass, which implies that there must be a substantial amount of colder dust. The infrared flux at $100{\mu}m$ is matching well with $^{13}CO$ peak temperature, while the $^{12}CO$ integrated intensity is matching with the boundary of dust emission. Overall, the dust properties of Lynds 1251 is similar to those of normal dark clouds even though it does have star forming activities.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2004

The non-cavitating noise of underwater propeller is considered numerically in this study. The main purpose is to analyze non-cavitating noise from underwater propellers in various operating conditions with different configurations. Noise is predicted by using time-domain acoustic analogy, boundary element method, and computational hydro-acoustics. The flow field is analyzed with potential-based panel method, and then time-dependant pressure data are used as the input for Focus Williams-Hawkings formulation to predict far field acoustics. Furthermore, boundary element method and computational hydro-acoustics are also considered to investigate duct propeller and ducted multi-stage propeller to consider the reflection and diffraction of sound waves. With this methodology, noise intensity and directivity of each noise sources could be well analyzed.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 1985

Multipole 확장에 의한 중력이상의 계산식이 유도되고, 직각 prism과 원기둥 모양의 물체에 대하여 중력을 계산하며 정확한 계산과 비교 연구를 한다. 근거리에 있는 source의 multipole확장은 표면적분보다 체적적분이 더 좋은 근사치를 얻게한다. 그렇지만 지구물리탐사의 실제에 있어 흔히 나타나는 원거리의 source에 대해서는 이 두 접근 방법은 서로 일치하게 됨을 알 수 있다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.245-249
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• 2017

We selected 47 DOGs at z ~ 1.5 using optical R (or r'), AKARI $18{\mu}m$, and $24{\mu}m$ color in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Deep survey field. Using the colors among 3, 4, 7, and 9µm, we classified them into 3 groups; bump DOGs (23 sources), power-law DOGs (16 sources), and unknown DOGs (8 sources). We built spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with optical to far-infrared photometric data and investigated their properties using SED fitting method. We found that AGN activity such as a AGN contribution to the infrared luminosity and a Chandra detection rate for bump and power-law DOGs are significantly different, while stellar component properties like a stellar mass and a star-formation rate are similar to each other. A specific star-formation rate range of power-law DOGs is slightly higher than that of bump DOGs with wide overlap. Herschel/PACS detection rates are almost the same between bump and power-law DOGs. On the other hand SPIRE detection rates show large differences between bump and power-law DOGs. These results might be explained by differences in dust temperatures. Both groups of DOGs host hot and/or warm dust (~ 50 Kelvin), and many bump DOGs contain cooler dust (${\leq}30$ Kelvin).

• 지질공학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.187-206
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• 1994

전산모형시험을 통하여 고해상도 해양반사파 탐사를 위한 최적 장비구성과 자료획득변수를 결정하였다. 조사선 온누리호에 탑재된 각기 다른 6종류의 독립 에어건과 1쌍의 cluster에 대하여 시간 및 주파수 영역에서 분석한 원거리장 파형특성은 내부용적 $2.46{\ell}$의 슬리브건 2개로 구성된 cluster를 2m 정도의 깊이에서 발파할 경우에 고해상도 탐사시 적합한 원거리장 파형이 발생될 수 있음을 보인다. 온누리호의 12채널 스트리머는 96채널 스트리머와 비교할 때, 신호대 잡음비가 다소 낮은 문제가 있으나, 높은 수직 및 수평 해상도를 얻을 수 있어 천부 반사파탐사에 적합한 것으로 분석된다. 기타 획득변수는, 대상심도, 주파수범위, 에어건 내부용적, 수신 채널수, 콤프세샤 용량 등 제반요소를 고려할 때, 기록시간 1m, 샘플간격 1ms, 발파간격 3.125m 혹은 6.25m가 적당한 것으로 판단된다.