• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.91-107
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to understand what needs housewife volunteers want to be satisfied with and try to find the way to satisfy them, examining empirically their participation motivation and activity satisfaction. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1) the housewife volunteers’participation motivation was composed self-developmental, self-actualization, altruistic dimensions and the mean score of self-actualization was the highest. 2) the self-development motivation was proved significantly different in housewives’age, their last child’s age, religion. the altruistic motivation was proved significantly different in their religion. 3) the housewife volunteers’activity satisfaction was proved significantly different in the level of self-developmental motivation, self-actualization, and altruistic motivation. Namely, the higher the level of self-development motivation, self-actualization, and altruistic motivation was, the higher activity satisfaction was. 4) the variables that influence on housewife volunteers’activity satisfaction were family support, self-development motivation, self-actualization, job appropriateness.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2015

This study is aimed to discover the deciding factors in senior employment programs for improving the quality of life for the elderly. The dependent variable used in this study was the quality of elderly persons. Personal and familial characteristics, and the community involvement of the elderly were used as independent variables in a Multiple Regression analysis. First, the most influential factor encouraging the elderly to participate in a senior employment promotion program was previous experience of senior employment programs. Second, health condition, residence in city areas, experience of volunteer work, and knowledge of senior employment programs had positive effects on the continuous participation of the elderly men and women. However, living arrangements had an effect solely on elderly men, and home ownership and participation in economic activities had effects solely on elderly women. Third, the life quality of the elderly was affected differently by sex. Health condition had the greatest effect on male elderly persons, whereas, the effective variable, the composition of the family had the most effect on female elderly persons. Thus, active campaigns through various mass media and information sessions are needed to promote participation in senior employment programs, according to the above mentioned deciding factors. In particular infrastructure providing the elderly with more volunteer work opportunity needs to be built for baby boomers to improve their quality of life. In addition, diversified senior employment programs are needed. Because the elderly living in city areas are more willing to participate in senior employment programs, specialized programs suitable for the elderly in city areas are needed. The government should also prepare programs that help the elderly stay healthy while they are working.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.89-100
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the familial voluntary service of the Healthy Family Center and then verify the effectiveness of its application in order to improve family healthy through a familial voluntary service. Study subjects were both volunteers who belonged to family volunteer corps of 12 Healthy Family Centers. Collected data was analyzed SPSS WIN 12.0 program. The results were as followed. First, a 54.1% of subjects is taking part in a familial voluntary service, while a 45.9% of them is not. Their positive intention of future participation is a 77.4%. The period of participation is from 6 months to two years. The frequency of participation is once or twice a month, and the length of activities per participation is for 3 hours. They have taken part in the service with a variety of public relations, and their motive of participation is by and large selfish. Second, as for the influence of participation in a familial voluntary service upon family healthy, the family healthy of participant group is higher in all the four sub-variables of family healthy than that of other groups. The group of which frequency of participation is once a week is better in family communication than the group of which frequency of participation is once or twice per month. The group of which motive of participation is altruistic is higher in sharing a value system among families than the group of which motive of participation is selfish.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-111
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the phenomenon of social participation among female baby boomers. The key research questions were asked in what kind of activities do female baby boomers engage as social participation? The in-depth interview was used with 11 female baby boomers who were born between 1955 to 1963. The interview text were analyzed by the qualitative study method. The findings are as follows. First, the most common type of social participation was having hobbies and leisure activities, and the other were participating in religious activities, learning activities, volunteer activities and on-line club activities. Second, social participation gave them meanings such as joy, satisfaction, and experiences of seeing the new world as well as opportunities to make up low sense of self-esteem formed in their young age. Third, they were considering it was time to change their social participation. The cases who were actively engaging in social participation considered old age as 'the process of reducing social participation'. Some other cases considered to 'share hobbies with spouse', and to 'achieve new goals and dreams'. The results showed that female baby boomers started their social participation in their middle ages when they became free from their children's education. The level of the involvement in social participation was reduced in their old age. Surprisingly, some interviewees planned to accomplish their dreams and goals that they haven't achieved yet. These differences among the cases could be attributed to the individual characteristics such as personality, birth order, economic and educational background, and to the social relationship.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-25
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• 2004

This study was conducted to explore the impacts of involvement in the Vietnam War on the self-esteem of the veterans in their later lives. In this study, 14 Korean male Vietnam War veterans from 55 to 63 years old were asked about the impacts of their war experiences on their self-esteem. From the analysis of the in-depth interviews the following conclusions were drawn: First, the veterans perceived that their self-esteem improved with both internal and external impacts of their activities in Vietnam. The internal aspects that improved the veterans' self-esteem were recalling their positive memories of Vietnam War, such as being on duty at a war front for the sake of our country, doing volunteer work for the villagers, and becoming a masculine heroic figure in the family legend. The external aspects were positive attitudes and responses toward their war activities from their family, friends, and neighbors. Second, they also felt persistently frustrated with their recurring memories of involvement in killing human beings, experiences of negative family and social responses, and the side effects of herbicidal cyanide they suffer. In this article, the following suggestions were made. First, standardized images and good-will episodes of the Vietnam War need to be provided by the government, in order to improve public images on the veterans. Second, intensive adjustment programs for the families of older veterans in special needs should be developed in collaboration with various veterans' societies and family counseling institutions, so that the spouses and children can be relieved from tension-laden contacts with the veterans and prevent violent incidents.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.169-192
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find out the actual conditions of depression and to explore factors influencing depression of female adults with disabilities by administering Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) to 143 subjects. The subjects were divided into two groups: depression group of scores above 21 of BDI and non-depression group of scores below 20 of BDI. Among the subjects, 36% were found to be on the level of clinically depressed state. Variables such as age, educational level, economic status, monthly income, employment, severity of disability, complexity of disability, health conditions, volunteer activities, family contacts, use of social welfare services marked statistically significant difference between two groups. And Variables such as dysfunctional attitudes, self-esteem, volunteer activities, health conditions were found to be as influencing factors on depression of female adults with disabilities. Some social work practice implications were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.14-25
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• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the present state, types of services, difficulties, education programs, motivation, satisfaction and attitude of hospice volunteers and also to suggest supporting programs for the volunteer. For these purposes, a questionnaire was distributed among the 200 hospice volunteers in ten hospice organizations in Daejeon and Chungcheong province. In this research, 85.5% of the respondents were women and most of them were housewives in their forties and fifties. The majority of hospice volunteers had an education background of more than high school. Christianity (94%) was the dominant religion of volunteers. Among the service area of the hospice, emotional caring, such as listening closely and establishing empathy were the most frequently done by the respondents and the next one was spiritual care. Hospice volunteers who had started with altruistic motivation show more dynamic activities in emotional, spiritual, physical caring and so on, than those with non-altruistic motivation. Most of the respondents expressed that they felt a hospice volunteer was valuable. However they had a hard time to overcome the sorrow coming from sharing empathy with the dying patients. Those who had started with altruistic motivation usually took part in two times per a week and had more positive attitude. Volunteers who had been working more than five years showed better attitude than those who had been working less than three years. The longer the voluntary services, the more positive attitude experienced by volunteers. Hospice volunteers encountered the most considerable difficulty with lack of background knowledge and their actual capability. Insufficiency of time was the next reason for the considerable difficulty of the hospice volunteer. On the other hand, those who served more than twice per week replied that lack of background knowledge and their capability were the least considerable difficulty. Insufficiency of time was the reason of difficulty for male volunteers, as well as for females under thirty and those in their forties and fifties respectively. Generally most of the hospice volunteers (70%) were satisfied with their services and they usually satisfied with physical caring, spiritual caring, hospice's family caring. The less difficulty in voluntary services, more satisfaction for the volunteers in the end. There is a positive correlation between a attitude of the hospice volunteer and frequency of voluntary services while the volunteers' difficulty affect negatively their attitude as well as the frequency of voluntary services. Most of the hospice volunteers want to have more education about basic skills, volunteer's attitude and role, spirituality, the way of attending on the hospice and so on. Most of them considered discussion and sharing different cases as the most effective method. They also wish to had more supporting programs for the hospice volunteers(in the order of their needs) such as regular events, newsletters, personal concern, social meetings among the volunteers, insurance and minimum expenses. Based on the study results, more programs should be run in order to activate the voluntary services regardless of their gender and education background. A continuous practical supporting policy and education programs are required in order to provide special education and training courses considering every field of voluntary services. Expanding the role of the volunteers allows them more opportunities to take part in voluntary services and th activate participation. It is necessary to establish a new hospice system as a part public medical system, which can not only facilitate the voluntary services for a hospice but also enhance professional hospice volunteers. Finally, experts are needed to operate the voluntary services effectively.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.349-361
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• 2014

This study was examined the general trends in social activity participation, the flow degree, and the psychological well-being of middle-aged women in Korea and explored how psychological well-being varies according to various sociodemographic variables, social activity participation, and the flow degree. This study provided practical insights into how the psychological well-being of middle-aged women can be enhanced. Data were gathered from 302 middle-aged women between the ages of 40 and 60 by using a structural questionnaire. The statistical methods included a descriptive analysis, a t-test, and a regression analysis using SPSS WIN 18.0. According to the results of the hierarchical regression analysis, the key variables influencing the psychological well-being of middle-aged women included the flow degree in terms of social activity participation and the education level. These variables explained 30% of the psychological well-being of middle-aged women. The higher the education level and the flow degree, the stronger the psychological well-being was. Social activity participation and the flow degree had greater effects on psychological well-being than sociodemographic characteristics. In particular, an increase in the flow of social activities increased psychological well-being. This suggests a need to improve the psychological well-being of middle-aged women by providing them with an environment where they can play social roles. One way to accomplish this is by linking retraining and life-long education-related activities to employment or volunteer activities. This study demonstrates the importance of the flow degree for the psychological well-being of middle-aged women. The results have important policy and theoretical implications.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-41
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• 2016

This study examines the human capital, economic capital, and psychological factors that influence social participation among the elderly in the future. The data, 'Survey on the Elderly in 2014', were collected from 'The Ministry of Health & Welfare' and the 'Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs'. The samples included 10,279 elderly people who were over 65 years of age. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the research model. The findings are as follows. First, the highest participation awareness level of all was for the hobbies and leisure activities, and the lowest participation awareness level was for volunteer activities. Second, human capital factors such as age, education level, and health status, and economic capital factors such as household consumption expenditure and standard of living signigicant affected social participation awareness among the elderly. Psychological factors such as self-esteem, depression, and the subjective age of becoming elderly, also affected the social participation awareness. Third, awareness differed by sex. In particular, age and depression were restrictions of social participation awareness that were more common among elderly women than among elderly men, although single women were more likely to participate in religious, learning, and hobby and leisure activities. In contrast, chronic diseases and household consumption expenditures were more restrictive of social participation awareness among elderly men compared to elderly women. These results show that human capital, economic capital, and psychological factors heavily influence the social participation awareness of the elderly, although the degree of influence of these factors differs by sex.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.177-198
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• 2012

Women's education activity(yejeol)has seen changes and improvements, as Korean society has evolved overtime. Women have been actively addressing contemporary demands by contributing to the establishment of today's women-centered education environment. As a result of this study, the characteristics of yejeol can be summarized as follows: First, yejeol was mainly driven by women wanting to participate in social and volunteer activities, asameans of self-improvement. Second, as field of service, yejeol has become more lucrative ; increasing numbers of young women are participating in the yejeol service industry. Third, yejeol is taking place nationwide. Women are constantly making efforts to acquire expertise by participating in yejeol instructor training programs and obtaining licenses. Fourth, the writing of yejeol books by women scholars has improved the yejeol environment. Further improvements to yejeol in Korea can only be achieved through an in-depth and critical study of its origins, current state, and future direction(s).