• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.317-343
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to explore further understanding of variables, besides father's alcoholism, which relates to psychosocial adjustment among ADAF(adult daughters of alcoholic fathers). This study examines the relationship between father's alcoholism, family functioning, parental attachment and the psychosocial adjustment among the ADAF. From a larger sample of 463 female college students, 160 ADAF and a matched group of non-ADAF were identified to participate in the study. This survey was conducted in Seoul and Gyungi-do area. Participants completed self-report questionnaires, "The Korean Version of Children of Alcoholics Screening Test", "Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment", "Satisfaction With Life Scale", "Self-esteem", "Beck Depression Inventory" and "Family Environment Scale". Path analyses was used to test the research question. Findings indicated that father's alcoholism had no direct effect on both the psychosocial adjustment of the ADAF and the family functioning. But father's alcoholism was significantly related to parental attachment. Family functioning was significant predictor of attachment to parents as well as psychosocial adjustment. Finally family functioning is important cause for parental attachment and psychosocial adjustment, specifically self-esteem and life satisfaction outcomes only. Therefore parental attachment was function as a mediator in the relationship between family functioning and psychosocial adjustment. In conclusion, this study showed that father's alcoholism did not predict outcome. We need to reconsider the assumption that direct link exists between adult adjustment difficulties and the presence of father's alcoholism. Implications for clinical and theoretical work with ADAF are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.51-64
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of individual psychology, family environment and social environment factors on adolescents' behavior problems. The subject of this study were 500 middle school students who reside in Incheon, Geonggi-Do and 483 self reported questionnaires were used for final analysis. The findings of this study suggested that there was no significant difference between male and female adolescents in externalizing behavior problems. However, it was found that female adolescents experienced more internalizing behavior problems than male adolescents. Secondly, low levels of self-control and more contact with delinquents. were associated with more externalizing behavior problems for male and female adolescents. Self-esteem, self-control, marital conflict and contact with delinquents were related to more internalizing behavior problems for male adolescents. In addition, self-esteem, parenting behavior and contact with delinquents affected female's internalizing behavior problems.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of spiritual well-being and meaning in life for adolescents with leukemia. Methods: Participants were 102 adolescents (11-21 years) recruited at C university hospital from June to August in 2014. The eligible participants were diagnosed with leukemia and are on follow-up care at the outpatient clinic. Participants were assessed for spiritual well-being, meaning in life, self-esteem, and social support. Results: Levels of spiritual well-being and meaning in life for these adolescents with leukemia were 3.69 out of 6 and 3.10 out of 4, respectively. Self-esteem and social support from family were factors affecting spiritual well-being. Self-esteem, existential well-being and social support from family and friends were predictive for meaning in life and accounted for 68% of total variance. Conclusion: The results show that there are several factors affecting spiritual well-being and meaning in life in adolescents with leukemia. Therefore, nursing intervention programs for adolescents with leukemia should include strengthening self-esteem and social support as well as considering the spiritual aspect of life in order to find meaning in life beyond leukemia.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.423-445
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• 2010

Previous research have demonstrated that the external factors (ex., money, appearance) are more influential in Easterners' self-views and conditions for happiness than those of Westerners'. Based on these results, the current study examined whether 1) children and adolescents acquired these tendency as they grew up and 2) this tendency had relevance with social comparison. Total 954 students (260 elementary, 216 middle school, 260 high school and 218 college students) participated in the study. The results showed that elementary and middle school students regarded the internal factors (ex., thinking, feeling) as more important. But high school students considered the external factors as more important, and there was no difference in college students. Also, the results revealed that elementary and middle school students regarded the harmony of family and peace of mind as more important conditions for happiness. These results contrasted with preference for better educational backgrounds, better occupation, and money in high school and college students. In addition, age and social comparison tendency had positive relation with external self-concepts and negative relation with self-esteem. Especially, high school students showed strongest external self-concepts and social comparison tendency among four age groups. They also showed strongest preference for external conditions for happiness, but their self-esteem was the lowest. This might reflect fierce competition for college education in Korea, and the results of the current study have demonstrated that adolescents developed a tendency to prefer external factors to internal factors as they grew up in a competitive environment.

• 한국노년학
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.323-334
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• 2007

This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed to investigate the relationship among attitude toward DNR orders, depression, and self-esteem in the elderly. Method: The participants of this study were 99 elderly individuals who were hospitalized in four university hospitals in Seoul and Kangwon-do from October 1, 2006 to October 21, 2006. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Results: The mean scores were 3.99 for attitude toward DNR orders(range of 1-5), 6.64 for depression(range of 1-15), and 26.83 for self-esteem(range of 10-40). Self-esteem was significantly correlated with attitude toward DNR orders(r=.200, p=.047). About half of the participants(49.5%) responded that the proper time for obtaining DNR consent was when they were healthy and could express their own intentions and make the decision by themselves. Most of the participants showed a positive attitude toward DNR orders. The participants preferred to make the DNR decision when they were healthy. Therefore, health care providers working with the elderly should try to discuss the DNR decision with their patients when they are conscious and able to make the DNR decision by themselves rather than leaving the decisions up to the patient's family members

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.273-284
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• 1989

The aim of this investigation was to delineate concepts contributing to the Exercise of Self-Care Agency (E.S.C.A.) Scale developed by Kearney & Fleischer (1979) and to test its construct validity and its predictors. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. By means of principal factor analysis and maximal likelihood factor analysis upon data generated from 280 undergraduate students, the factors of Concern about Health Knowledge, self-Concept, Information - Seeking Behavior, Decision -making and Responsibility, Self-esteem, and Passivity emerged. The total percent of variance explained by the 6 factors was 75.1% 2. To assess factor independence and instrument homogeneity, correlations among the 6 factors were computed. The correlations ranged from .24 to .46 indicating that the factors and the items were not too similar or redundant. 3. Test-retest reliability of the total scale is r＝.70. Cronbach's $\alpha$ coefficient for internal consistency of the total scale is .86 and that of the factors ranged from .750 to .661 (only factor 6 .497). 4. In additional analysis of the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale in relationship to Multiple Health Locus of Control, Family Environmental Scale, and Cornell Medical Index using stepwise multiple regression, the Internal Health Locus of Control Score predicted 21.8%(F＝53.34, p＝.0001), Family Environmental Score 8.3%(F＝22.59, P＝.0001), Modified Cornell Medical Index Score 5.4%(F＝15.74, P＝.0001) of the score of the E.S.C.A.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.103-117
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between female adolescents's relationships with their parents, psychological well-being, and attitudes towards eating. General characteristics of the subjects such as their school grades, and religion, and their parents' level of educational, marital status, and income were also analyzed in relation with the three major variables. Female adolescents' psychological well-being consisted of two indices: self-esteem and depression. The sample of this study consisted of 419 female students from 4 middle schools and 2 high schools located in Jeollabuk-Do province and the data were collected by using the method of self-administered questionnaires. The results of the analyses showed that there were significant differences in the level of parental attachment across parents' marital status, father's education level, and family income. Participants' psychological well-being levels were also different according to their grades, parents' marital status, and father's education level and income; and the level of eating attitude was different according to their school grades. The correlation analyses results indicated that parental attachment was positively related to self-esteem but negatively to a depressive mood. In addition, female students' eating attitudes were negatively associated with parental attachment and self-esteem, but positively with a depressive mood. Finally, multiple regression analysis found that a negative eating attitude was strongly influenced by a depressive mood, while parental attachment seemed to influence eating attitude indirectly through a depressive mood.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.253-263
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• 2003

Rheumatoid arthritis patients not only suffer from the physical damage, but they are afflicted severely mental and psychologic after effects. Their depression and low self-esteem eventually yields serious mental damages, which makes difficult for them to recover. The states of mental health of arthritis patients are diversified depending on the characters and surrounding circumstances, although they may have suffered from the similar condition. Therefore this research was conbucted to the factors that can give positive influences to the patients. In recent time, social support for the arthritis patients has become an important factor that can positively influence their mental health. In other words, social support can act as an important environmental system for arthritis patients to recover their damaged mental health. In order to fulfill this purpose, 118 patients were examined to identify the relationship between the variables. The summary of the result obtained from the research is as follow: 1. The structural aspect of social support for arthritis patients showed the most of them had various social support network size and their highest support system were 'family', 'relative' and 'friends'. The functional aspect of social support for arthritis patients showed moderate degree and their highest sub component was 'approval'. 2. High correlation was found between duration of relationship, similarity, frequency of meeting and functional support. There was no relationship between depression, self-esteem and social support. 3. Therefore this research has suggested that nurses who care rheumatoid arthritis patient consider the above condition to develop self-help group.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.219-230
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• 2018

This study was conducted to identify factors influencing depression symptoms among college students. To accomplish this, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 546 college students from October 1st to November 30th, 2015. Univariate analysis, logistic regression, and multivariate regression analysis between variables were then conducted using depression symptoms as the dependent variable and other relevant factors as independent variables. The level of depression among the subjects differed significantly according to personal attributes, family life and school life characteristics, as well as health related behavioral characteristics. The risk of depression was significantly higher in the lower group than the higher group of family and friends social support, the lower group than the higher group of self-esteem, the lower group than the higher group of locus of control, and in the high risk stress group than the normal stress group. Factors influencing depression symptoms included religion, social support from family, social support from friends, interpersonal dependency, locus of control, and stress were identified as significant variables, indicating that depression among college students is related to diverse elements including sociodemographic characteristics, social support from family/friends, interpersonal dependency, locus of control, and stress. Depression symptoms significantly increased when social support from family or friends, low psychological behavior characteristics are low, and when stress is high. Thus, it is necessary to understand factors related to depression and reduce them to decrease depression levels of college students.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.169-185
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• 2007

Participant observations, in-depth interviews, and analyses of documents were used for collecting data. Children separated from their parents were living with grandparents because their parents were working abroad. Results included socio-cultural and psycho-social factors. (1) The socio-cultural grounded factors or the common characteristics of young children's family life in both living circumstances included early childhood academic achievement orientation, demands of responsibility and obedience, limited opportunity for social development, and societal phenomenadeveloping wide family concept affected by China's Confucianism and Korean-Chinese social culture. (2) Psycho-social grounded factors included the present care-givers' perceptions of the child's agency and their beliefs in the importance of play and friendship. This affected interactions between child and care-giversand child's self-esteem and friendships.