• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 1982

The study was designed to compare family problems specially divorce between Korea and Japan. The age, married period, occupation, education and divorced reason of the couple are formed to be the major factor to relate to divorce in Korea and Japan. Divorced couple both in Kora and Japan showed similla tendency in age, married period and occupation; couples with younger age, 5∼10 years of married period, and sale and service occupation showed higher tendency in divorce. However Japan established the civil law 25 years earlier than Korea and always showed higher tendency in divorce rate between the year of 1912 and 1976. In Korea couples with middle and high school lower tendency in divorce. The major reason for divorce in Japan formed to be disagreed with personality and spouse's affair, but in Korea unchaste act was the most significant reason.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.157-170
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• 1996

Even if holding debt may be a rational means for household to maximize utility under any circumstance and any time through the family life cycle most households have some difficulty to determin and keep the moderate debt amount. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of household's debt and the factor associated with debt. Data used in this study consisted of 4,009 households. The results of this study were as follows; Among 4,009 households 1,400 housholds?(34.9%) owed. Age education and occupation of household header liquid and real asset and housing ownership had significant effects on whether household having debt. The real and liquid asset had significantly positive relation with the liabilities of financial agency whereas the occupation of household header liquid asset and unearned income with private liabilities. Finally age education and occupation of household header home ownership and liquid asset had significantly negative effect on the total a ount of debt while earned and unearned income and real asset had positive one.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine patterns ofmoney management and control of family finances. The data for this study were collected from 311 wives who were currently employed in professional, managerial, and clerical occupation living or employed in Seoul. Frequency, percentage and cross-tab analysis were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows: 1) money management patterns were classified into six types; wife-management pattern, wife-management/husband-alienation pattern, wife-management/husband-involvement patter, joint management pattern, joint/separate mixed pattern, and multi management pattern. Among them wife-mannagement pattern was used most frequencly by the couples. 2) Four family finance control patterns were found and named by joint control, wife control, husband control, and self control. The joint control pattern was found to be the most prevalent one. 3) Money management patterns influenced how family finances were controled.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.171-187
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• 2002

The purpose of this study ws6 to find out women's informationized conditions and their life changes. The subjects of this research were 482 women living in large and small-medium sized cities. The data analysis used average, pearson's correlation, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression by SAS/PC. The major findings were as follows: 1. Women's level of informationized conditions is under median in computer using and information technology. The effect of informatization is over median about improving the ability, recognizing from family and neighbor, achieving the occupation. The change of individual and family is under median except educational stimulus, life vitality and educational effect on the family. 2. The effect of informatization was influenced by ability of using computer, necessity and purpose of informatization. The change of individual was influenced by ability of using computer, purpose and effect of informatization and also the change of family was influenced by handicapped reason in information education and the effect of informatization.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.199-212
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• 1989

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors which affect the alienation of the aged, and to study the relative importance of these factors. This study focused on the following research questions: 1) How do the demographic variables(sex, marital status, family structure, religion, economics, prior occupation, education level) affect the alienation of the aged? 2) How the alienation of the aged is affected by their involvement in social activities? 3) Does the degree of satisfaction with family relationship have a perceivable impact on the alienation of the aged? 4) How does the self-rated senescence affect the alienation of the aged? The research was practiced from the 18th Sept. 1999 to the 30th Sept. 1988, through individual interviews with 300 elderly people, all living in Seoul area. Among them only 285 were used in the analysis. The major findings of the study are as follows; 1) The sex of the respondents makes no difference in the alienation of the age . 2) Marital status is found to be relatively significant in determining the alienation. The degree of alienation of old people with spouse is substantially lower than that of those without spouse. 3) Family structure was found to have no significantly effect on the alienation of the aged. 4) Involvement in religion was found to significantly reduce the alienation of the aged. 5) Econimic factors seems to be critical in defermining the aged. The amount of pocket money avaliable for daily use has direct relationship with alienation. 6) Prior occupation was found to be another significant factor affecting alienation professionals experience far lower alienation than nonprofessionals. 7) The higher is education level, the lower is the alienation of the aged. 8) Active participation in social activities and good relationship with other family members were founded to contribute to lowering the alienation of the aged. Whereas, too much concern over one's senescence appears to hav negative effects on the alienation. The regression analysis shows that the satisfaction with the family relationship has the most important influence upon the alienation of the aged. Following are the factors of self-rated senescence, pocket money in a descending order. All these factors, which explain 42.65% of the total variance of alienation variable are statistically significant(p<.001)

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.547-562
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of middle-aged men's family and work related variables and satisfaction. Based on the results of the study, the following was concluded ; First, there were significant differences in men's satisfaction across education level, economic variables, and occupation. Second, family related variables, work related variables, and work-family conflict were significantly correlated with satisfaction. In reference to family related variable, satisfaction was higher when marital satisfaction is good, parental stress, adult caring burden, and work-family conflict are lower. In reference to work related variables, satisfaction is higher when job stress is lower, job security is lower, and colleague relationship is good. Third, family related variables, work related variables, and work-family conflict were significantly correlated with mutually one another. Specifically, parental stress is correlated with work related variables. A higher correction was reported between work-family conflict and job stress. Finally, results of multiple regression analysis showed that these variable influenced middle-aged men's satisfaction. Moreover, the degree of explanation for satisfaction increased more, when family and work related variables, and work-family conflict add in individual character variables.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.111-126
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between the stress of housewife received in the family life and psychological distress of housewife. For these purposes, this research conducted a survey by using questionaire developed by former researchers. The subjects of this study are 418 Centering on the housewifes living in Kwangju. The significant results are as follows. 1) General tendency of the stress level of housewife received in the family life is relatively low. 2) The household background variables(duration of marriage, level of education, husband's occupation, income, leisure actives, socio-economics status) have turned out to be significant on the stress level of housewife received in the family life and psychological distress of housewife. 3) There are positive corriations between housewife's stress received in the family life and psychological distress level of housewife. 4) In stepwise multiple regression analysis, the psychological distress of housewife was greatly influenced by variables such as the health problem.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.145-160
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• 1998

The purposes of this research were to find out general trends of family value orientations among adolescent, middle and old generation and to investigate the differences according to related variables. For this study, three kinds of questionnaire were used and the data were obtained through 1194 samples of three generation groups living in Seoul and Kwangju. The traditional trends of old generation's value orientations were outstanding while adolescents relatively showed modernized value orientations. The value differences between adolescent and middle generation were larger than between middle and old generation. Especially value orientations of children and sex-role were largely changed, but familism was relatively preserved even in adolescent generation. The family value orientations differed significantly according to gender, age, eduaction level, income, occupation, and family type. Generally middle and adolescent women showed more modernized value orientatons than men and value orientations of three generation were most likely to be correlated with family satisfaction level.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.5 s.207
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• pp.57-79
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs assessment and satisfaction level of family support services for preschoolers with disabilities. The subjects were 146 mothers and 138 teachers of 3- to 6-year- old preschool children with disabilities in integrated kindergartens in Daegu, Seoul, and Kyungnam. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, mothers needed information and financial support most. The level of the mother's needs was related to the type and degree of disabilities, child's sex, child's age, mother's educational level, and father's occupation. Second, the satisfaction level of mothers in the integrated kindergarten education programs was generally low. Third, mothers needed parental training of child's problem behavior, mother-child interactions program, and parental education of developing child's creativity.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.22-39
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• 1997

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation education on the reduction of the stress of family members who have patients suffering from stroke and to find a new way to nurse the patients and their family. Subjects & Methods: The subjects were sixty-one family members with the patients who had been hospotalized in K hospital of oriental medicine from september the 9th, 1996 to september the fourteen, 1996. This study was performed by simulated control group pretest-posttest design; pretest was done on the control group through a questionnaire, counselling and observation while posttest was done on the experimental group 1-2 days after systemic rehabilitation education. To teach the patients and their family, the amended version of a book written by Lee Hae-jin was used as a tool for systemic rehabilitation education. As a method to estimate ADL score, modified Kang's method was applied and ADL score was measured by well-trained technician. As for the tool to estimate the degree of family stress, Choi's method adjusted to this study was applied. In the analysis of the data, social property of the patient and the characteristic of the disease were surveyed in $X^2$ examination to confirm the consistency between the experimental group and the control group. The diffrence in the degree of the stress, which is a dependent factor, was examined by t-test. The difference in ADL score between the experimental group and the control group was examined by t-test. The difference in the degree of the stress according to the general feature of the family with stroke patient, social property of the patients and the characteristic of the disease were surveyed by F examination. The difference in family stress according to the degree of ADL was surveyed by F examination. RESULTS: 1. After hypothetically-examined systemic rehabilitation education, the total of the score of family stress surveyed in 34 items of three domains was compared between the experimental group and the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups; mean score of experimental group=2.28, that of control group=2.93(t=.17, df=59, p=. 66). 2. In the survey on family stress in 34 items, the items over mean score 3.0 were firstly the anxiety of possible disability and relapse of the disease and secondly to watch the patient's suffering without doing anything in the domain of the change of the disease and the difficulty in caring. And the items of the lowest stress with less than mean 2.0 score were little chance to meet the relative and friends, inconsistent treatment and attitude of the medical workers and the change of the attitude of the relative due to the patient orderly in the domain of social and personal relation and the responsibility as the family. The items which showed the difference between two groups were aggravation of neighboring patient(t=3.36, df= 59, p=.001) and the possibility of patient's death(t=2.19, df=58.38, p=.033) in the domain of the change of the disease and the difficulty in caring. 3. In the study on the stress difference according to general features of the family with the stroke patient, the score of family stress with the occupation was higher with mean 2.49 than that of the family stress without occupation with mean 2.16, but there was no significant difference. (F=5.21, df=1/59, p=.026). 4. In the study on the stress difference according to social property of the patient and the characteristic of the disease, there was significant difference in the age of the patients (F=2.98, df=3/57, p=.039). These results show that even if there is no statistically significant difference between two groups, sixteen of the experimental group are less than 3.0 in ADL score(standard 6 score)while eight of the control group are less than 3.0 and that ten of the experimental group are in the year range of 39-49 while four of the control group are in the year range of 39-49 which showed significant difference in family stress. These imply that there is a possibility that the experimental group have serious and fundamental stress resulting in high pretest stress compared with the control group. It might be due to the characteristic of simulated control group pretest-posttest design that the psychologic-supportive effect by the education was not observed. On the basis of these results, the followings are suggested. 1) A study on the nursing-mediated method to reduce the stress in the items which are not resolved by rehabilitation education, a study on nursing according to the patient's age and a study on the supportive nursing toward the family with occupation are required. 2) More than two times consecutive nursing-mediated rehabilitation education to measure the family stress is required. 3) Comprehensive and multilateral systemic education program including the instruction on western-eastern medicine, physical therapy, exercise and diet through collaboration of the experts in each field is required. 4) Family stress at home as well as in the hospital needs to be estimated and home rehabilitation and home-nursing needs to be continued.