• Journal of Applied Reliability
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.371-385
• /
• 2011

Because consumer mostly utilizes company test standard, supplier spends burden of expenses on building test equipments and managing expert manpower to fulfill consumer's various tests. Therefore, it is urgent to standardize test assessment which has a bond of sympathy between consumer and supplier and evaluates reliability of their products. This study develops reliability assessment standard which is composed of 12 test items considering international and domestic test standards, company internal test standards of consumer companies and field conditions. Also this study introduces overall technical procedure on accelerated test with no failure which is used for the main technology of reliability assessment. To verify effectiveness of reliability assessment, the test results are herein analyzed through building the test equipments and performing the test items.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.3033-3045
• /
• 1996

In this paper, we propse an object-oriented coding method in low bit-rate channels using pyramid structure and residual image compensation. In the motion estimation step, global motion is estimated using a set of multiresolution images constructed in a pyramid structure. We split an input image into two regions based on the gradient value. Regions with larte motions obtain observation points at low resolution level to guarantee robustness to noise and to satisfy a motion constraint equation whereas regions with local motions such as eye, and lips get observation points at the original resolution level. Local motion variations and intesity variations of an image reconstructed by the golbal motion are compensated additionally by using the previous residual image component. Finally, the model failure (MF) region is compensated by the pyramid mapping of the previous displaced frame difference (DFD). Computer simulation results show that the proposed method gives better performance that the convnetional one in terms of the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), compression ratio (CR), and computational complexity.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.39-62
• /
• 2015

Relatively little studies have investigated employee recovery from internal service failure, especially from the employees' perspective. When handling customer complaints, employees must not only deal with legitimate customer demands after a service failure, such as providing an apology, rectifying the problem, and offering compensation, but they must also manage illegitimate dysfunctional customers, who may yell, threaten, and even physically harm the employee. These negative experiences can have strong effects, and employees can exhibit higher levels of stress such as burnout and emotional labor, which have been linked to dissatisfaction, tension and anxiety, reduced performance and effectiveness, and a greater propensity to leave the firm, ultimately leading to negative financial consequences for the firm. These conditions result in internal service failure and create the need to recover employees-in other words, internal service recovery. However, little research has examined this issue so far. The purpose of the current study, therefore, is to investigate the relationship between internal service recovery and employee outcomes. A pre-test, post-test between-subjects experimental design was developed. Participants were 166 part-time students who were working full-time. The average age of the participants was 36.74 years, and 57.50% of them were female. The average length of employment was 13 years. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups of approximately equal size. Three of the groups were subjected to an experimental situation involving an internal service failure, while one group was not exposed to failure, thereby acting as a control group. This study contributes to the service marketing literature in several ways. First, the study extends service failure and/or recovery research by examining recovery in an employee context. Second, this study attempts to measure internal service recovery and to empirically demonstrate its relationship to employee outcomes. Third, this investigation emphasizes the managerial importance of internal service recovery. For example, understanding the nature of the relationships between internal service recovery and its consequences can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of managers' resource allocation decisions.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 2003

An adaptor is designed for chamber impedance measurement of plasma process. Copper rod, fixed board and compensation circuit are the major components of the adaptor. An adaptor can be to measure chamber impedance on time unless stopping a process and Data to measure can do the database. We can use it to a criteria data for a failure diagnosis. So developed adaptor could be used for diagnosis the plasma process chamber in semiconductor industry.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.147-165
• /
• 2009

This study proposes a certain measure or investment strategy for decision making associated with seismic retrofitting. This strategy reduces the risk of a large-scale malfunction such as water supply loss under seismic risks. The authors developed a stochastic value index that will be used in the overall evaluation of social benefit, income gain, life cycle costs and failure compensation associated with existing lifeline systems damaged by an earthquake during the remaining service period. Optimal seismic disaster prevention investment of deteriorated lifeline systems is discussed. Finally, the present study provides a performance-based design method for seismic retrofitting strategies of existing lifelines which are carried out using the target probabilities of value loss and structural failure.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.459-475
• /
• 2018

In the field of aerospace engineering, accurate control of a spacecraft's orientation is often very important to mission success. Therefore, attitude control is a technically plentiful and extensively studied subject in controls literature during recent decades. This investigation of spacecraft attitude control is assumed to address two important aspects of the problem solutions. One sliding mode anti-disturbance control for utilization of faulty actuator components and another one disturbance observer based control to improve the pointing accuracy in the absence of anti-vibration equipment for the elastic appendages like a solar panel. Simultaneous occurrence of vibration due to flexible appendages and reaction degradation due to failure in attitude actuators complicates this case. The advantage of this method is acquisition proper control by the combination of disturbance observer and sliding mode compensation that form a fault tolerant control for the concerned satellite attitude control system. Furthermore, the proposed composite method indicates that occurrence the failure in actuators and even elastic solar panel vibration effect may be handled directly without reconfiguring the control components or providing piezoelectric devices. It's noteworthy, attitude quaternion and angular velocity commands are robustly tracked via controllers to become inclined to zero.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2002.07c
• /
• pp.1623-1627
• /
• 2002

If the ambient temperature rises in AC PDP, some of the discharged cells arc turned off because of the addressing failure. Particularly, the addressing failure at the last scan line is more serious than at the first scan line. The failure is accompanied with delay of the address discharge and reduction of total charge involved. In order to compensate this kind of misfiling, the progressively increasing address voltage waveform is used instead of constant one. In this method, we found that the total charge and address time at the last scan line are similar to those of the first line. As a result, we can have stable discharge without misfiring even at the high ambient temperature.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.7
• /
• pp.125-136
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to derive a implications for and analysis a CrowdFunding cases in order to activate domestic Community Art. First, in the area of culture and art of CrowdFunding platform, search for Community Art' projects were selected examples of success and failure. As a result, differences in sample were compared in five items of Confidence & Information & Communication & Content & Benefit aspect etc,. Additional total analysis result, Genre and Period, clear differences in terms of compensation and Promotion occurred, as well as the need to develop new goods and services compensation was raised. Based on these implications, this study is to be a practical implication to Community Art of difficult to create its own fundraising. On the other hand, we suspect the environment of the domestic previous research related to the evaluation of Community Art is insufficient, and so must be concurrent also study the framework of analysis and systematic evaluation to complement these parts in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.417-426
• /
• 2020

The culture industry has been considered very important as firms utilize human creativity as the main source for providing high-value-added services. In this industry, the inspirations and ideas of individual creators have been stressed rather than the roles of entrepreneurs so far. However, in recent years, due to the influence of "Hallyu" or the Korean Wave, entrepreneurial firms have actively participated in producing a variety of products embracing cultural value. In this vein, the entrepreneurship-related elements such as the degree of leaders' innovativeness, risk-taking environment, first mover advantage, employee compensation, and tolerance to failure were selected to investigate their effects on market leadership. As a result, it was observed that risk-taking environment, first mover advantage, employee compensation, and tolerance to failure had a positive effect whereas leaders' innovativeness was not statistically meaningful. These findings show that the creation of an atmosphere where employees' creativity can be fully appreciated is more important than the leader' insight-driven innovativeness. The results of this study indicate that when companies formulate strategies and the government initiate policies in the culture industry, entrepreneurship should be incorporated as a crucial element.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.177-213
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to research on the liability and cases for space damage with reference to the space activity under the international space treaty and national space law of major countries. The United Nations has adopted two treaties relating to the liability for space damage as follows: the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 and the Liability Convention of 1972. Korea has enacted the Outer Space Damage Compensation Act of 2008 relating to the liability for space damages. The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 regulates the international responsibility for national activities in outer space, and the national tort liability for damage by space launching object. The Liability Convention of 1972 regulates the absolute liability by a launching state, the faulty liability by a launching state, the joint and several liability by a launching state, the person claiming for compensation, the claim method for compensation, the claim period of compensation, the claim for compensation and local remedy, the compensation amount for damage by a launching state, and the establishment of the Claims Commission. The Outer Space Damage Compensation Act of 2008 in Korea regulates the definition of space damage, the relation of the Outer Space Damage Compensation Act and the international treaty, the non-faulty liability for damage by a launching person, the concentration of liability and recourse by a launching person, the exclusion of application of the Product Liability Act, the limit amount of the liability for damage by a launching person, the cover of the liability insurance by a launching person, the measures and assistance by the government in case of occurring the space damage, and the exercise period of the claim right of compensation for damage. There are several cases with reference to the liability for damage caused by space accidents as follows: the Collision between Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251, the Disintegration of Cosmos 954 over Canadian Territory, the Failure of Satellite Launching by Martin Marietta, and the Malfunctioning of Westar VI Satellite. In the disputes and lawsuits due to such space accidents, the problems relating to the liability for space damage have been settled by the application of absolute(strict) liability principle or faulty liability principle. The Liability Convention of 1972 should be improved as follows: the clear definition in respect of the claimer of compensation for damage, the measure in respect of the enforcement of decision by the Claims Commission. The Outer Space Damage Compensation Act of 2008 in Korea should be improved as follows: the inclusion of indirect damage into the definition of space damage, the change of the currency unit of the limit amount of liability for damage, the establishment of joint and several liability and recourse right for damage by space joint launching person, and the establishment of the Space Damage Compensation Review Commission. Korea has built the space center at Oinarodo, Goheung Province in June 2009. Korea has launched the first small launch vehicle KSLV-1 at the Naro Space Center in August 2009 and June 2010. In Korea, it will be the possibility to be occurred the problems relating to the international responsibility and the liability for space damage in the course of space activity. Accordingly the Korean government and launching organization should make the legal and systematic policy to cope with such problems.