• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.310-318
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• 2022

Purpose: This is a cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the effects of dry eye syndrome symptoms and eye fatigue on the vision-related quality of life (QOL) of middle-aged patients with dry eye syndrome. Methods: The participants of this study were 94 ophthalmology clinic outpatients aged 40-59 years who were diagnosed with dry eye syndrome at A and S Ophthalmology Clinics in D City, South Korea, and were exhibiting dry eye syndrome symptoms. Data were collected from July 5, 2021 to July 22, 2021, and analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The severity of dry eye syndrome symptoms and asthenopia (r=.73, p<.001) in the participants were positively correlated, whereas the severity of dry eye syndrome symptoms and vision-related quality of life (r=-.76, p<.001) were negatively correlated. Additionally, there was a negative relationship between eye fatigue and vision-related QOL (r=-.55, p<.001). It was found that the final factors affecting the vision-related QOL of middle-aged patients with dry eye syndrome were the severity of dry eye syndrome symptoms (β=-0.76, p<.001) and dry eye stress (β=-0.14, p=.048). The explanatory power of vision-related QOL in the participants was 56.0%. Conclusion: To develop indices that can objectively measure patients' subjective symptoms for improving their vision-related QOL is necessary.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.676-682
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• 2021

Background: Red ginseng has been found to improve ocular perfusion and dry eye syndrome in glaucomatous eyes; however, its effects on visual function and vision-related quality of life have not been investigated. This study sought to evaluate the effects of red ginseng on visual function and vision-related quality of life in glaucoma patients using contrast sensitivity and a questionnaire. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to two groups in this prospective, randomized, double-blind study: in one group, red ginseng was taken first, followed by a placebo, and in the other, placebo was taken first, followed by red ginseng. We measured and compared changes in contrast sensitivity and vision-related quality of life between the two groups. Contrast sensitivity was measured using OPTEC® 6500P, and vision-related quality of life was evaluated using the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire. One-way and two-way repeated measure analyses of variance were used for the comparison. Relationships between respective changes in dry eye syndrome and contrast sensitivity were also analyzed. Results: Daytime contrast sensitivity and ocular pain improved after the administration of red ginseng. Nighttime contrast sensitivity was improved in early or moderate glaucoma. Improved contrast sensitivity was not associated with improvement in dry eye syndrome. Conclusion: Red ginseng could improve contrast sensitivity and ocular pain in patients with glaucoma. The mechanism underlying improvement in contrast sensitivity appears to be associated with enhanced retinal perfusion or retinal ganglion cell function, but not dry eye syndrome.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.456-464
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• 2007

The aims of this research are to analyze the representations and conceptual sequence of eye vision in Korean science textbooks and to suggest a contents construct about eye vision where the conceptual sequence is considered. Research method was literature review, and the literatures that were used for analysis were the 7th Korean science curriculum which was revised in 1997, and the science and physics textbooks developed based on the 7th Korean science curriculum. The research results are as follows: 1) Although the science curriculum seems to have no problem on sequence in the eye vision concepts, the science and physics textbooks based on the curriculum reveal problems on the sequence in the eye vision concepts; 2) Some Korean science textbooks explain retinal image formation according to the Alhazen's idea, except in inverse image; 3) Some Korean science textbooks explain about the reasons of near- and far-sightedness without consistency between the textbooks for 7th and 8th grade students; 4) A few Korean science textbooks give an inappropriate explanation about the principle of eye sight correction by eye glasses; 5) According to the analysis result, the concepts related to eye vision should be presented in the order of explanation about light refraction phenomena, image formation process by convex lens, structure of human eye and retinal image formation process, correction of eye sight using lens.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2015

Background: Many patients with glaucoma have difficulty using antiglaucoma eye drops because of dry eye symptom. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we evaluated the effect of Korean Red Ginseng on dry eye syndrome in patients with glaucoma treated with antiglaucoma eye drops. Methods: Forty-nine participants were allocated to the Korean Red Ginseng (3 g/day; n = 24) or placebo (n = 25) groups for 8 weeks. Tear film stability, fluorescein corneal staining, conjunctival hyperemia, tear production, grade of meibomian gland dysfunction, and dry eye questionnaire (Ocular Surface Disease Index) were evaluated at baseline and on completion of the treatment. Results: Almost all patients displayed dry eye symptoms and signs at baseline. After the 8-week intervention, Korean Red Ginseng supplementation significantly improved the tear film stability and total Ocular Surface Disease Index score, as compared to placebo (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Korean Red Ginseng supplementation may provide an additional treatment option for dry eye and patients with glaucoma using antiglaucoma eye drops.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.371-376
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of artificially decreased eye in normal vision on eye-hand coordination (EHC) when using the Lee-Ryan Eye-Hand Coordination Test recently reported. Methods: Eleven adults with normal vision aged $29.46{\pm}5.94$ years participated for this study where a non-dominant eye artificially induced moderate refractive amblyopic vision at near by adding a plus lens conducted EHC tasks and then did the test again under normal vision following 2 weeks. To investigate the ability of EHC, 7 tasks including individually different level of difficulty in the Lee-Ryan EHC Test were selected to compare and analyze EHC in terms of two independent variables such as time taken and the number of errors. Results: In time taken, subjects with artificially decreased vision took more time than normal vision under monocular conditions (p=0.013), while those with the decreased vision completed their tasks faster than normal vision under binocular conditions (p=0.001). In the number of errors, subjects with the decreased vision made more mistakes (p<0.001) as shown in time taken, whereas there was no difference between monocular and binocular viewing conditions in the decreased vision. Conclusions: Unlike previous EHC tests including limitations for application, deficit in EHC can be screened by the Lee-Ryan EHC Test developed based on simple computer-based system. Therefore, it is considered that further studies relevant to deficits in visual function such as amblyopia will be carried out in clinics as well as research.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1081-1090
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• 2001

This study was conducted to find out effect of dynamic balance performance in normal adult when obscuring vision in half of the both eye and to prepare the basic data treatment of brain damage patient with visual field deficit. The subject for this study included 40 healthy right-handed and 20 left-handed were dynamic balance performance when obscuring vision in half of the both eye. who age from 20 to 30 years in normal adult without neurosurgical orthopedic, performance balance disability or other medical disorders. Of these individuals 20 right-handed and 20 left-handed were executed dynamic balance performance when obscuring vision in half of the both eye. individuals of right, left-handed were executed dynamic performance when obscuring vision in half of the both eye measure with a Balance Performance Monitor (BPM) Data print Software Version 5.3. In other to determine the statitsical significance of the result, instrumentation was used to t-test, chisquare of the SAS(Strategic Application Software) The result of the study were that: 1) Significant differences in LOS were found right-handed and left-handed subject when dynamic performance without obscuring vision and obscuring vision(p<0.05). 2) Significant differences in LOS were founded left-handed when dynamic performance were executed obscuring vision and without obscuring vision(p<0.05). 3) Significant differences in LOS were founded right-handed when dynamic performance were executed obscuring vision and without obscuring vision(p<0.05).

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.227-235
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• 2006

For a sophisticated humanoid that explores and learns its environment and interacts with humans, anthropomorphic physical behavior is much desired. The human vision system orients each eye with three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) in the directions of horizontal, vertical and torsional axes. Thus, in order to accurately replicate human vision system, it is imperative to have a simulator with 3-DOF end-effector. We present a 3-DOF anthropomorphic oculomotor system that reproduces realistic human eye movements for human-sized humanoid applications. The parallel link architecture of the oculomotor system is sized and designed to match the performance capabilities of the human vision. In this paper, a biologically-inspired mechanical design and the structural kinematics of the prototype are described in detail. The motility of the prototype in each axis of rotation was replicated through computer simulation, while performance tests comparable to human eye movements were recorded.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.601-607
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to classify between intentional and natural blinks in vision based eye tracking system. Through implementing the classification method, we expect that the great eye tracking method will be designed which will perform well both navigation and selection interactions. Background: Currently, eye tracking is widely used in order to increase immersion and interest of user by supporting natural user interface. Even though conventional eye tracking system is well focused on navigation interaction by tracking pupil movement, there is no breakthrough selection interaction method. Method: To determine classification threshold between intentional and natural blinks, we performed experiment by capturing eye images including intentional and natural blinks from 12 subjects. By analyzing successive eye images, two features such as eye closed duration and pupil size variation after eye open were collected. Then, the classification threshold was determined by performing SVM(Support Vector Machine) training. Results: Experimental results showed that the average detection accuracy of intentional blinks was 97.4% in wearable eye tracking system environments. Also, the detecting accuracy in non-wearable camera environment was 92.9% on the basis of the above used SVM classifier. Conclusion: By combining two features using SVM, we could implement the accurate selection interaction method in vision based eye tracking system. Application: The results of this research might help to improve efficiency and usability of vision based eye tracking method by supporting reliable selection interaction scheme.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.193-206
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• 2023

In recent years, and with the increased adoption of digital transformation and spending long hours in front of these devices, clinicians have observed that the prolonged use of visual display units (VDUs) can result in a certain symptom complex, which has been defined as computer vision syndrome (CVS). This syndrome has been affected by many causes, such as light refractive errors, poor computer design, workplace ergonomics, and a highly demanding visual task. This research focuses on eliminating one of CVSs, which is the eye dry syndrome caused by infrequent eye blink rate while using a smart device for a long time. This research attempt to find a limitation on the current tools. In addition, exploring the other use cases to utilize the solution based on each vertical and needs.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.399-408
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• 2015

Objective. There were two objectives of the study, first was to identify the barriers as perceived by the patients and providers to access the low vision services and second was to identify the challenges faced by the main providers. Study design. Structured questionnaire based interviews of patients and providers Methodology. To find out the barriers to access of low vision services, the interviews based on structured questionnaire were conducted for two patient groups. The first group consisted of 97 visually impaired individuals attending the department of low vision services at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital Rawalpindi while the second group included 56 visually impaired individuals attending the four rehabilitation centers/schools for the blind in Rawalpindi/Islamabad. To identify the barriers as perceived by the main providers of low vision services and challenges faced by them the interviews based on structured questionnaire were conducted for 19 low vision service providers. Results. From patients point of view, major barrier to low vision services identified was inability to visit hospital /rehabilitation center alone - 29.8% in hospital group and 33.9% in rehabilitation centers group, while the lack of social support, lack of family support, cost of travelling, long distance, afford ability, hesitation in using devices and lack of satisfaction were other important barriers identified. From providers' point of view, major barrier to uptake of services was the need for repeated follow-ups. Optometrists were the main provider of low vision services contributing to 47.4% of the providers. The major challenge faced by the providers was motivation of patients to use low vision devices. Conclusion. The major barrier to low vision services according to the patients is inability to visit the hospital alone, while according to providers, it is the need for repeated follow up which proves major barrier towards uptake of services. The motivation is the major challenge faced by providers, majority of which are optometrists.