• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2019

Sepsis, an infectious disease, is a life-threatening condition that arises when the response to infection causes injury to tissues and organs. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether ABHC-1 and ABHC-2, two functional extracts from herbal complex, have an anti-bacterial effect against Escherchia coli in vivo, in vitro experimental model. ABHC-1 and ABHC-2 showed the antibacterial activity against the bacteria by paper disc method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured using alamar blue reagent. The MIC was shown at $60{\mu}g/ml$ from ABHC-1 and $500{\mu}g/ml$ from ABHC-2 against E. coli. We next examined the effect of ABHCs on the production of inflammatory cytokine, such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), which is related to the induction of inflammation, in RAW 264.7 cell. ABHC-1 and ABHC-2 increased $TNF-{\alpha}$ production of RAW 264.7 cell in a dose-dependent manner while two extract decreased $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell in a dose-dependent manner. At a dose of $1{\times}10^8$ E. coli. i.p., non-treated mice were succumbed, while most of mice treated with ABHC-1 were survived. Therefore, our results suggest that ABHC-1 has anti-bacterial activity and can be a novel therapeutic agent against infectious diseases.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 2021

Currently, hospitals and medical practices have a large amount of unstructured information, gathered in time at each ward or practice by physicians in a wide range of medical branches. The data requires processing in order to be able to extract relevant information, which can be used to improve the medical system. It is useful for a physician to have access to a patient's entire medical history when he or she is in an emergency situation, as relevant information can be found about the patient's problems such as: allergies to various medications, personal history, or hereditary collateral conditions etc. If the information exists in a structured form, the detection of diseases based on specific symptoms is much easier, faster and with a higher degree of accuracy. Thus, physicians may investigate certain pathological profiles and conduct cohort clinical trials, including comparing the profile of a particular patient with other similar profiles that already have a confirmed diagnosis. Involving information technology in this field will change so the time which the physicians should spend in front of the computer into a much more beneficial one, providing them with the possibility for more interaction with the patient while listening to the patient's needs. The expert system, described in the paper, is an application for medical diagnostic of the most frequently met conditions, based on logical programming and on the theory of probabilities. The system rationale is a search item in the field basic knowledge on the condition. The web application described in the paper is implemented for the ward of pathological anatomy of a hospital in Romania. It aims to ease the healthcare staff's work, to create a connection of communication at one click between the necessary wards and to reduce the time lost with bureaucratic proceedings. The software (made in PHP programming language, by writing directly in the source code) is developed in order to ease the healthcare staff's activity, being created in a simpler and as elegant way as possible.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.60-66
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• 2021

The core is extracted through drilling and used to evaluate the feasibility of developing mineral resources. To extract the core, a bit is installed in the forefront of the drilling device for drilling. Here, the drill bit receives stress due to direct friction against the ground. In addition, a bit appropriate for the given ground condition should be used due to the possibility of damaging a bit as a result of friction. This paper used a current bit model based on an impregnated bit and analyzed a new bit model that uses a stiffener of similar/disparate materials. The hardness and deflective strength were then evaluated by modeling the shape of impregnated bit through a calculation based on a theoretical formula. Through FEM analysis of the existing model and the new model, the stress and strain calculation results were optimized to minimize the stress and strain with a stress of 1.92 × 107 Pa and a strain of 9.6× 10-5 m/m.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.337-353
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• 2021

Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are widely employed in sensors, biomedical devices, optic sectors, and micro-accelerometers. New reinforcement materials such as carbon nanotubes as well as graphene platelets provide stiffer structures with controllable mechanical specifications by changing the graphene platelet features. This paper deals with buckling analyses of functionally graded graphene platelets micro plates with two piezoelectric layers subjected to external applied voltage. Governing equations are based on Kirchhoff plate theory assumptions beside the modified couple stress theory to incorporate the micro scale influences. A uniform temperature change and external electric field are regarded along the micro plate thickness. Moreover, an external in-plane mechanical load is uniformly distributed along the micro plate edges. The Hamilton's principle is employed to extract the governing equations. The material properties of each composite layer reinforced with graphene platelets of the considered micro plate are evaluated by the Halpin-Tsai micromechanical model. The governing equations are solved by the Navier's approach for the case of simply-supported boundary condition. The effects of the external applied voltage, the material length scale parameter, the thickness of the piezoelectric layers, the side, the length and the weight fraction of the graphene platelets as well as the graphene platelets distribution pattern on the critical buckling temperature change and on the critical buckling in-plane load are investigated. The outcomes illustrate the reduction of the thermal buckling strength independent of the graphene platelets distribution pattern while meanwhile the mechanical buckling strength is promoted. Furthermore, a negative voltage, -50 Volt, strengthens the micro plate stability against the thermal buckling occurrence about 9% while a positive voltage, 50 Volt, decreases the critical buckling load about 9% independent of the graphene platelet distribution pattern.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 2022

Arrhythmia is a condition in which the heart beats abnormally or irregularly, early detection is very important because it can cause dangerous situations such as fainting or sudden cardiac death. However, performance degradation occurs due to personalized differences in ECG signals. In this paper, we propose arrhythmia classification using hybrid combination model of CNN-LSTM. For this purpose, the R wave is detected from noise removed signal and a single bit segment was extracted. It consisted of eight convolutional layers to extract the features of the arrhythmia in detail, used them as the input of the LSTM. The weights were learned through deep learning and the model was evaluated by the verification data. The performance was compared in terms of the accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score through MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The achieved scores indicate 92.3%, 90.98%, 92.20%, 90.72% in terms of the accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1490-1499
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• 2022

Arrhythmia is a condition in which the heart has an irregular rhythm or abnormal heart rate, early diagnosis and management is very important because it can cause stroke, cardiac arrest, or even death. In this paper, we propose arrhythmia classification using hybrid combination model of CNN-BLSTM. For this purpose, the QRS features are detected from noise removed signal through pre-processing and a single bit segment was extracted. In this case, the GAN oversampling technique is applied to solve the data imbalance problem. It consisted of CNN layers to extract the patterns of the arrhythmia precisely, used them as the input of the BLSTM. The weights were learned through deep learning and the learning model was evaluated by the validation data. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were compared by using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The achieved scores indicate 99.30%, 98.70%, 97.50%, 98.06% in terms of the accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, respectively.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2014

Objectives : Iridoid glycoside, swertiamarin is a well known bioactive component found in Swertia japonica Makino (SJ). In this study, we tried to optimize a suitable method which would extract swertiamarin effectively. Methods : Extraction of SJ was carried out by various conditions of time (5 - 60 min), temperature ($30-70^{\circ}C$), solvent (from non-polar to polar), and ratio of solvnet / sample (10 : 1 - 40 : 1) using ultrasonic extractor. Swertiamarin in SJ extracts was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography - Phtodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) using C18 column and the analytical procedure was validated by evaluation of specificity, range, linearity, accuracy (recovery), precision (intra- and inter day variability), limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). Results : An efficient extraction condition for swertiamarin in SJ was optimized using sonicator extraction (temperature $40^{\circ}C$, solvent 20% methanol, solvent / sample (20 : 1), and time 10 min. Analytical procedure was optimized by HPLC-PDA using isocratic solvent system of acetonitrile and water (9 : 91), and the method was validated in regard to linearity (correlation coefficient, $R^2$ > 0.9999), range ($50-1000{\mu}g/mL$), intra- and inter-precision (RSD < 5.0 %), and recovery (99 -103 %). LOD and LOQ were 0.051 and $0.155{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Conclusion : An optimized method of extraction for swertiamarin in SJ was established through conditions of diverse extraction and the validation result indicated that the method is suited for the determination of swertiamarin in SJ.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 2017

Objective : This study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of Helianthus tuberosi Rhizoma extracts and its optimum Heat processing conditions Methods : We investigated the Salivary ${\alpha}$-amylase, pancreas ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of extracts from Steam Heated Helianthus tuberosi Rhizoma Ext. The inhibitory activities of a 50% EtOH extract of Steam Heated Helianthus tuberosi Rhizoma Ext against ${\alpha}$-glucosidases were evaluated in this study. Inhibiting these enzymes involved in the absorption of disaccharides significantly decreases the postprandial increase in blood glucose level after a mixed carbohydrate diet. Furthermore, the postprandial blood glucose lowering effect of Steam Heated Helianthus tuberosi Rhizoma Ext. was compared to a known type 2 diabetes drug(Acarbose(R)) in a mice model. Steam Heated Helianthus tuberosus L. Ext significantly reduced the blood glucose increase after glucose loading. Results : The results were confirmed by real-time PCR that after treated with Streptozotocin in L6 cells, induced expression of GLUT4, after the steamed Helianthus tuberosus L. Ext. treated, observed its expression was increased. Steam Heated Helianthus tuberosus L Ext treated 4 hours in L6 cells, cytotoxicity was measured in MTT assay. Its toxicity were 5.7%, 9% and 11.3% at the treatment concentration $12.5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $25{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, the $50{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ respectively. Conclusions : Overall, the results of this study indicate that Hypoglycemic effect of Helianthus tuberosi Rhizoma caused by the Steam heat treatment, the optimum Heat processing condition is steamming at $121^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, and it will provide the basis for developing a useful dietary supplement for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.191-198
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• 2022

The most basic thing to measure the condition of a companion animal is to check the breathing and pulse. There are several methods to measure the breathing and pulse of a companion animal, and the PPG method is generally used to measure the oxygen saturation (SpO₂) in a companion animal. However, since the input PPG signal is inputted with various information as well as oxygen saturation, it is necessary to separate and extract oxygen saturation information from the PPG signal in order to measure the oxygen saturation. Therefore, in this paper, a wearable measuring device for companion animals that can be measured by applying the PPG method was designed and implemented, and an algorithm for separating oxygen saturation information from the PPG signal input through the wearable measuring device was proposed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.471-483
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• 2023

This paper presents an analytical hyperbolic theory based on the refined shear deformation theory for mechanical stability analysis of the simply supported advanced composites plates (exponentially, sigmoidal and power-law graded) under triangular, trapezoidal and uniform uniaxial and biaxial loading. The developed model ensures the boundary condition of the zero transverse stresses at the top and bottom surfaces without using the correction factor as first order shear deformation theory. The mathematical formulation of displacement contains only four unknowns in which the transverse deflection is divided to shear and bending components. The current study includes the effect of the geometric imperfection of the material. The modeling of the micro-void presence in the structure is based on the both true and apparent density formulas in which the porosity will be dense in the mid-plane and zero in the upper and lower surfaces (free surface) according to a logarithmic function. The analytical solutions of the uniaxial and biaxial critical buckling load are determined by solving the differential equilibrium equations of the system with the help of the Navier's method. The correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed HyRPT is confirmed by comparing the results with those found in the open literature which shows the high performance of this model to predict the stability characteristics of the FG structures employed in various fields. Several parametric analyses are performed to extract the most influenced parameters on the mechanical stability of this type of advanced composites plates.