• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2019

This study was intended to provide basic data for a health functional food study by exploring antioxidant activity of reflux extract according to the concentration of ethanol and the extract of ultrasonic waves extracted and reflux extracted under the same solvent conditions. In the same solvent condition, the reflux extract ($75.10{\pm}1.99mg$) showed a higher total phenol content than the ultrasonic wave extract ($51.74{\pm}2.28mg$). Flavonoids also had a higher reflux extract ($25.05{\pm}1.53mg$) than did ultrasonic extracts ($16.23{\pm}1.95mg$). Reflux extract according to ethanol concentration was found to have a higher phenol content than the 70% ethanol extract ($40.60{\pm}1.49mg$) in 60% ethanol extract. Flavonoid content was also similar to phenol content in reflux extract as determined by ethanol concentration from 60% ethanol ($25.05{\pm}1.53mg$) to 70% ethanol extract ($6.60{\pm}0.46mg$). In addition, the antioxidant activity (DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC) of the reflux extract in the same solvent conditions tended to be higher than that of ultrasonic extracts. Also, 60% ethanol extract had better antioxidant activity than 70% ethanol extract. However, an analysis of phenolic acid content through HPLC showed that the ultrasonic extract had a higher content in the same solvent condition than did the reflux extract. Not only the presence of phenolic acid, but also those of other compounds are believed to be attributed to the activity of antioxidants. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify this phenomenon.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 1996

In this study, we investigated the appropriate conditions to extract acidic polysaccharide and to prepare red ginseng extract being rich in acidic polysaccharide from red tail ginseng marc produced after manufacturing alcoholic extract from red tail ginseng. Amount of acidic polysaccharide in red tail ginseng marc was about 11%. The best condition for the extraction of acidic polysaccharide from the marc was using of 3~5 mg of $\alpha$-amylase/g residue/15 ml of distilled water, and the amount of acidic polysaccharide in water extract of the residue treated with $\alpha$-amylase was about 27%. So, it is possible to manufacture red ginseng extract being rich in acidic polysaccharide using water extract of red tail ginseng alcoholic residue as extraction solvent. From the above results, we suggest that red tail ginseng residue produced by manufacturing alcoholic extract of red tail ginseng has high potencies in the utilization of waste material.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.166-172
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• 2013

Caffeine and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are major constituents of green tea, the leaves of Camellia sinensis (Theaceae). Although EGCG is well known for diverse beneficial effect, caffeine is sometimes harmful with adverse effects. Therefore, the extraction efficiency was investigated using different extraction method such as extraction solvent, extraction time, extraction method, and repeated extraction. The content of EGCG and caffeine in green tea extract was quantitated by HPLC analysis. The extraction condition exerted difference on the extraction yield. The content of EGCG was also affected by different extraction condition. Especially, the extraction solvent greatly affected the content of EGCG in the extract. However, the content of caffeine was less affected compared to that of EGCG. The inhibitory effect of green tea extract on pancreatic lipase was almost similar regardless of extraction condition. Taken together, optimization of extraction condition will provide best efficacy for further development of green tea as anti-obesity therapeutics.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.703-711
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• 2017

Today, men's appearance is an important part of the global fashion industry, including Korea, with such fashion concepts as the Metrosexual and Ubersexual. Domestic and overseas beauty and cosmetics related organizations are using this phenomenon for marketing and researching to improve the function of cosmetics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Prunus persica L. Batsch leaf extract on the skin condition after clinical application to male subjects with oily skin to determine the possibility of functional cosmetics utilizing this extract. The cleansing bars were prepared by the MP method and the cleansing packs were prepared using natural ingredients. After 8 weeks of application, moisture, oil, erythema, melanin, pH, elasticity and tactile sensation were measured using MPA5. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in T-zone moisture and T-zone oil after using the natural cleansing bar, but there was no significant difference between the two groups for other items. However, the statistically significant changes were found in the individual skin condition change items of the subjects in each group, and it was judged that the two kinds of formulations could be used at the same time to have a higher skin improvement effect. Thus, Prunus persica L. Batsch leaf extract demonstrates potential to be used as a functional cosmetics item.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.441-444
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• 2007

For the purpose of application to new natural dyestuff, the dyeability of Purple onion shell extract was analyzed. It was dyed in cotton fabric according to various dye weight, dyeing temperature, dyeing time. And the effects of mordanting conditions were examined as color differences and color fastnesses. The dyeaffinities were increased as were increased dye weight, especially 100% owf. The optimum dyeing condition of Purple onion shell extract was 40minutes at $60^{\circ}C$. The dyeaffinity was increased at pre-mordanted condition, and color difference was increased distinctly at post mordanted condition. The hue of all mordanted cotton fabrics changed into Yellow where as non mordanted cotton fabric was Red. The color fastnesses of mordanted cotton fabrics were generally not so god, but light fastness was improved in post-Cu mordanted fabric.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.139-145
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• 1995

In order to develop a natural food preservative, the root bark of Morus alba was extracted with several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The optimum extracting condition for the antimicrobial substance from the sample, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracted substance against microorganisms were also examined. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract form the sample was stronger than those of the extracts by the other solvents such as water, methanol. ethyl acetate and acetone. The optimum extracting condition for antimicrobial substance from the sample was shaking extraction twice for 5 hours at room temperature in case of 7 times of absolute ethanol added to the crushed root bark of Morus alba. The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba had strong B. cereus, L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. Especially, Bacillus species was the most susceptible to the extracted substance. The ethanol extract showed antimicrobial activity against Gram negative bacteria(MIC, 160~1600 ug/ml) and yeasts(MIC, 1600 ug/ml) such as C. albicans and S. acidifaeciens. The extract also showed growth inhibition against molds such as A. niger, A. parasiticus, A versicolar and T. viride.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activities of clove extracts in water, methanol and ether. The clove extracts, BHA and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol were added to each oil at a level of 200 ppm. The activities of the substrate oils and controls were tested under autoxidation and thermal oxidation conditions. The degree of the effects of the antioxidant activities under autoxidation condition were in the following order; ether extract 〉 methanol extract 〉BHA 〉 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol 〉 water extract = control group. The induction periods of the control, water, methanol and ether extracts, and BHA and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol were 9.5, 9.6, 10.7 11.8, 10.4 and 9.7 days, respectively. Under thermal oxidation condition, the methanol extract showed stronger antioxidant activity than those of the water and ether extracts. The antioxidant activity of the methanol extract was attributed to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and BHA.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

Objectives: This report aimed to demonstrate effect of human placental extract (HPE) pharmacopuncture in students suffering fatigue due to hard work and mental stress. Methods: Thirty-four college students, preparing for the final-term exam, received pharmacopuncture of HPE into Kwanwon (CV4) subcutaneously twice a week for 7 weeks. After every pharmacopuncture of HPE, degree of fatigue was surveyed by questionnaire including physical condition, physical endurance, concentration and memory. Results: Pharmacopuncture of HPE into CV4 gently improved physical condition, physical endurance, concentration and memory. Improvement of physical condition was especially positively correlated with the increasing number of pharmacopuncture of HPE into CV4 as confirmed by calculation of Pearson coefficient. Conclusions: Pharmacopuncture of HPE into CV4 alleviated fatigue in the students from hard work and mental stress.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.134-143
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• 1979

It order to extract the soluble organic substances of Korean ginseng effectively, the ginseng extract have been made by using amylase. The investigation on the optimum condition of enzyme reaction was carried out, and the amounts of gained extract and its saponin pattern were compared among the ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract. The results obtained are summerized as follows. 1. The gaining ratio or ginseng extract was the highest value when the raw ginseng and dried ginseng were extracted in the concentration of 7.5% and 5% with 0.3%∼0.6% enzyme for 25 hour. 2. The amounts of ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract were 9.14%, 17.23% and 23.73% in case of raw ginseng and 64.09%, 72.52% and 74.36% in case of dried ginseng, respectively. The amount of enzyme extract was increased as much as 6∼14% in case of raw ginseng, and 2∼10% in case of dried ginseng compared with that of ethanol and water extract. 3. The absolute content of saponin was nearly constant in spite of the different extraction method and all of the ginseng saponin pattern of thin-layer chromatograms were almost same.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.110-120
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• 1998

The effect of heat treatment and the order of antioxidants treatment toward the thermally oxidized palm oil which has been stored at 60 $^{\circ}C$ was studied. The summerized results of this study are as follows; 1. In the accelerated autoxidation condition, tocopherol showed no distinct effect on the changes of peroxide of value between added tocopherol samples pre-and post treatment by heating. But, rosemary extract showed opposite result. It was supposed that rosemary extract had lower thermostability then tocopherol, because rosemary extract lost it's antioxidative activity during heating process. 2. The changes of acid value and anisidine value were more affected by heat treatment than the order of antioxidant treatment. 3. The oxidative stability measured by OSI showed same tendency as peroxide value. That is, the antioxidative activity of tocopherol in palm oil was more dependent on addition of antioxidants than heat treatment, but the rosemary extract had opposite character for antioxidative action in palm oil.