• 아동학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the multicultural perceptions (multicultural acceptability, multicultural sensitivity and judging multicultural children) of elementary school students. The subjects comprised 1,252 students (583 third graders and 669 sixth graders), promoted from 20 elementary school in J province. The findings are as follows. First, the independent t-test showed that the lower graders had higher scores in cultural openness and national identity of multicultural acceptability, as well as the cognitive element of multicultural sensitivity than upper graders. In addition, the upper graders had higher scores in unilateral expectations for assimilation of multicultural acceptability, as well as the cognitive element of judging multicultural children. Second, all subscales were found to be interrelated, except for unilateral expectations for assimilation and two subscales (cognitive and righteous) in judging multicultural children. These results imply that in order to help have more positive perceptions of multiculturalism, it is necessary to develop more diverse multicultural education programs for elementary school students which take into consideration their grade levels.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.463-473
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• 2012

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting medication adherence and to develop an explanatory model for medication adherence in elders with chronic disease. Method: Empirical data were collected from 312 older adults with chronic disease and the data collect period was from August 8 to 31, 2011, and were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 19.0 program and confirmatory factor analysis with the structural equation model (SEM) procedure performed with AMOS 19.0 program. Results: Results of this study showed that perceived self-efficacy was the strongest factor influencing medication adherence, and it affected also outcome expectations positively but impediments were negatively influenced by self-efficacy. Outcome expectations and impediments subsequently acted on medication adherence with the same relationship as self-efficacy. In additional results, self-efficacy and medication adherence were further significantly affected by the factors; social support, medication knowledge, and depression. Conclusion: These results show that nursing interventions to promote medication adherence in this population should focus on self-efficacy promotion including social support, education for delivery of medication knowledge, and reduction in depression.

• 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2006

Recently, Cruise travel Industry becomes a major market in the SIT tour. this perspective, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between influencing factors of the Selection Attributes of Cruise Tour. This research aims to provide information to establish customer-oriented marketing strategies in developing by cruise tour. The current study examined related literature finding out the number of the factors to meet future users preference and expectations. Based on examined factors, the study investigated the same dimensions in Korea future cruise industry. The data collected outgoing tourists of travel service company. The Survey instrument consisted of asking respondents a number of questions regarding their intention, preferences, and expectations toward future cruise travel. The result of study showed that a certain number of factors were statistically significant on the future users cruise travel intention. It shows that there was significant difference related to the using purpose and the usage attitude. It can be conducted from the results that respondents expected a certain number of factors when the cruise travel launched in korea.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2004

This paper outlines the findings of a consumer survey conducted in 1996 and 2001 by the University of Bonn, Germany, across 15 European countries. The survey involved a sample of 3,300 respondents in 1996 and around 11,000 respondents in 2001, throughout all 15 EU countries. Children and adolescents, between the ages of 10 and 17, were surveyed about their consumption habits and their attitudes towards the environment. The paper outlines the key findings on 'Children's fears and future prospects'. Children are exposed to a great mass of information, not only derived from the media but also from what they experience directly in their everyday-life. Some of this information translates into worries that adopt a clearer (more realistic) form when children become adolescents, as they might be easily involved in those events, and the understanding of the processes that may cause or continue them is deeper. Today's children and adolescents are under more pressure, since the social/political/economical spectrum is constantly changing. Change produces anxiety, fear of what will result from these transformations, as it implies that the social order will be reorganized. This paper reports on a long term comparative study among children and adolescents throughout the European Union, analyzed by country, age group and gender. It draws different preoccupations of young generations and consequent future expectations. It concludes by considering the influence of social and political organizations, as well as the family, on children and adolescents, as these might help to sustain a positive attitude towards various future events.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.405-414
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• 2016

The rapid change of consumer expectations in shopping environments has required retailers to actively adopt omni-channel services, however, limited research exists on the topic. We identify the effect of consumer's utilitarian shopping value on expectations for omni-channel services. An online survey was conducted on 176 subjects who had experience using omni-channel services. We employed Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as our theoretical model to explore the mechanisms of consumers' acceptance of omni-channel services in fashion. We used SPSS ver. 22.0 and AMOS ver. 22.0 programs to analyze data. The results indicate that utilitarian shopping value has a positive effect on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence for omni-channel services. Performance expectancy for omni-channel services also has a positive effect on the purchase intentions of fashion products. Effort expectancy for omni-channel services also positively increases the purchase intentions of fashion products. Last, the social effect of omni-channel services has a significant positive effect on purchase intention. All the hypotheses were supported. The research findings can provide the fashion distribution industry with useful basic data to understand the needs of consumers who use multi-channels when establishing a new channel or marketing strategy.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2007

Leisure time is a critical part of modern life and is increasingly important in modern society. Therefore, analyzing expectations and values of leisure and researching leisure practices are integral in measuring the quality of life. In this respect, differences between values and attitudes leading to the ideal leisure life and the actual leisure life could provoke negative influence on our lives, further, decreasing quality of life. Therefore, classifying leisure lifestyle through analyzing value of lifestyle and the actual state of leisure precisely is very necessary. Leisure lifestyle could be very useful standard satisfying various desires and demands related to leisure. In the research, we surveyed 3,000 people over 10 years of age, one on one interview method, asking value of life behaviors (Individualism vs. Collectivism, Pro-Stability vs. Pro-Change, Statistical way of life vs. Active way of life, Family-centered life vs. Work-centered life) and practices of leisure life (With whom, How frequently, Where, For what) in respect to both value and behaviors. Through this survey, five groups of leisure life type have been identified; "Community-oriented Type", "Cocoon Type", "Family-oriented Type", "Personal-stability Type" and "Multiplicity Type". These leisure lifestyles would provide effectual alternatives for reducing gaps between expectations for ideal leisure life and actual life. Furthermore, this could be used for ground work to develop measurements for satisfying various leisure demands.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

Objectives : The objective of this study is to examine the experiences of Internet game experience targeting to University students in Korea. Research topics was "What is meaning of internet game to the University students?" Methods : Classical phenomenology underpinned this study. Seven qualitative studies of University students were conducted between 20 and 23 years old. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Phenomenological thematic analysis of data was undertaken. Results : The findings pivot around three interconnected themes :[Expectations for the emotional needs], [Spend time in the cyberspace], [Relieve stress throughout the game], [Instead of satisfaction from virtual reality], [Internet gaming repeat and desires]. The basic need for getting into internet game was [satisfaction from virtual reality was identified]. While internet games was eliminated stress, [Expectations for the emotional needs] and [Spend time in the cyberspace] were the catalyst that makes them repeatedly getting into Internet the game. Based on the result, I suggest that Internet gaming should be recognized as a tool to relieve stress for college students, But it is not satisfied with the reality in virtual space. Therefore, the strategy must be to recognize reality accompanying. And Using a lot of time in cyberspace make them cause of internet game addiction. Therefore, it requires a systematic strategy for the Internet using time limits. Also the emotional needs met were motivated to repeat an Internet game. So another way to meet the emotional needs to college students should be sought.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.128-138
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• 2005

기업 인수/합병의 성과에 대한 평가는 인수/합병 발표일 전후 단기간에 걸쳐 실현되는 경제적인 이익을 측정하는 방법과 인수/합병 종료 후의 장기 경영성과를 평가하는 방법으로 대별된다. 본 연구에서는 최근 국내외에서 급증하고 있는 건설분야 인수/합병 중 선정된 샘플을 대상으로 위에서 기술된 전자의 방법을 중심으로 전반적인 성공여부를 분석/평가하였다. 또한 인수/합병이 기업전략의 이행이라는 관점에서 사업다각화 방향에 따른 성과를 비교/분석하였다. 분석결과에 의하면 국내외 건설분야 인수/합병의 단기성과는 다소간의 경제적 이익을 실현한 것으로 평가되었으나 통계분석의 관점에서 성공적이라는 결론을 내리기 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 사업다각화 방향에 따른 성과의 비교에서는 유사부문 및 타 부문으로의 사업다각화 사이에 뚜렷한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.244-256
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• 2008

This study is intended to be used as basic data to understand the role of a food coordinator who creates an environment for eating and to develop menus by studying the expectations of female customers about the food coordinator's role. The reported concepts of the role of a food coordinator were divided into six factors-food(Eigen value 3,181), seat, cutlery, atmosphere, convenience, and sanitation. According to an analysis of the expected factors concerning the role of a food coordinator in terms of the amount paid, when women visited any restaurant once, the factors of "food" and "atmosphere" showed a significant difference(p<0.05) while the other factors did not. According to an analysis of the recognition of a food coordinator in terms of the number of visits, the questions concerning recognition of the job of "food coordination," the necessity of the role and the expectations of the role showed a significant difference (p<0.05). The question on willingness to pay, in relation to the role of a food coordinator, showed a negative response about the direct payment of guests regardless of the number of restaurant visits.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제13권1_2호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2003

Let { $X_{n}$ , n $\geq$ 1} be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables with a common continuous distribution function F(x) and probability density function f(x). Let $Y_{n}$ = max{ $X_1$, $X_2$, …, $X_{n}$ } for n $\geq$ 1. We say $X_{j}$ is an upper record value of { $X_{n}$ , n$\geq$1} if $Y_{j}$ > $Y_{j-1}$, j > 1. The indices at which the upper record values occur are given by the record times {u(n)}, n$\geq$1, where u(n) = min{j｜j>u(n-1), $X_{j}$ > $X_{u}$ (n-1), n$\geq$2} and u(1) = 1. We call the random variable X $\in$ Beta (1, c) if the corresponding probability cumulative function F(x) of x is of the form F(x) = 1-(1-x)$^{c}$ , c>0, 0$\leq$x$\leq$1. In this paper, we will give a characterization of the beta distribution of the first kind by considering conditional expectations of record values.s.