• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.49-55
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of open kinetic chain exercise on the motor function of the lower limb in middle school soccer players. Method: The subjects consisted of 14 soccer players who attend middle school in Gwangju. All subjects received open kinetic chain exercise for 3 weeks. The muscle strength of the ankle was measured by a commander muscle tester. Postural control ability was measured using a hopping test. All measurements for each subject were conducted pre-intervention and 3 weeks post-intervention. Result: There were significant differences post-intervention in the muscle strength and-the postural control ability of the open kinetic chain exercise group(p<.05). Conclusion: Open kinetic chain exercise had a significant positive effect on the motor function of the lower limb in soccer players. Therefore, open kinetic chain exercise may prevent and resolve injury with careful management while soccer players are training or playing games. It could be helpful to extend the lives of athletes and improve their records.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of closed-chain exercise on weight supporting rate change within hemiplegic side and static dynamic balance ability in stroke patients. Methods : The subjects of the study were 13 hemiplegic patients who carried out closed-kinematic chain exercise program over 6 weeks. The exercises of the program are stand to sit with stall bar, stair-up & down by a hemiplegic leg and bridging exercise crossing the non-hemiplegic leg onto the hemiplegic leg. Each exercise was carried out over 3 sets of 10reps. Results : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. After intervention, there was a statistically significant change in the weight supporting rate within hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic side(P<0.05). 2. After intervention, there was a statistically significant change in the static balance(FICSIT-4) ability(P<0.05). 3. After intervention, there was a statistically significant change in the dynamic balance(FSST, TUG, FRT) ability(P<0.05). Conclusion : The results of the study suggests that closed-chain exercise program in stroke patients improves their weight supporting rate and enhance the static dynamic balance.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.2323-2330
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• 2021

Background: Stroke patients have weak trunk muscle strength due to brain injury, so a single type of exercise is advised for restoring functionality. However, even after intervention, the problem still lies and it is suggested that another intervention method should be applied with exercise in order to deal with such problem. Objectives: To Investigate the effect of bridge exercise combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES) on trunk muscle activity and balance in stroke patients. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: From July to August 2020, twenty stroke patients was sampled, ten patients who mediated bridge exercises combined with functional electrical stimulation were assigned to experiment group I, and ten patients who mediated general bridge exercises were assigned to experiment groupII. For the pre-test, using surface EMG were measured paralyzed rectus abdominis, erector spinae, transverse abdominis/internal oblique muscle activity, and using trunk impairment scale were measured balance. In order to find out immediate effect after intervention, post-test was measured immediately same way pre-test. Results: Change in balance didn't show significant difference within and between groups, but muscle activity of trunk was significant difference rectus abdominis and erector spinae within groups I (P<.01), also between groups was significant difference (P<.05). Conclusion: Bridge exercise combined with FES could improve trunk function more effectively than general bridge exercise due to physiological effect of functional electrical stimulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.91-107
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of breathing exercise in the water on the pulmonary function and maximum phonation time in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: The subjects were 24 children with cerebral palsy at GMFCS levels I-III, who were allocated randomly to either the aquatic breathing exercise group or general breathing exercise group 12 subjects per group. Each subject was required to complete 40 minutes of exercise twice a week for eight weeks. Those in the aquatic breathing exercise group performed aquatic breathing exercise, whereas those in the general breathing exercise group performed general aquatic exercise. RESULTS: Significant differences in $FEV_1$, PEF, VC, TV, ERV, and maximum phonation time were observed in the aquatic breathing exercise group after intervention, but there were no significant differences in either FVC, $FEV_1/FVC$, IC, or IRV. In the general breathing exercise group, there were no significant differences in the FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$, PEF, VC, IC, TV, IRV, ERV, and maximum phonation time after intervention. In terms of the pulmonary function, the two groups showed a significant difference in the change in $FEV_1$, PEF, and TV after intervention, but not in the FVC, $FEV_1/FVC$, VC, IC, ERV, IRV, and maximum phonation time. CONCLUSION: These results above show that aquatic breathing exercise training in water is more effective in improving the pulmonary function than general breathing exercise training.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of bone metabolic parameters between climbing exercise training and treadmill running training with alpha lipoic acid supplementation in ovariectomized rats. Fifty-six Sparague-Dawley, 8 weeks of age, were assigned into nine groups: normal control at pre-test (Pre-NC), normal control at post-test (NC), sham-sedentary (SS), ovariectomized-control (OVX-Con), ovariectomized-ALA inject (OVX-ALA), ovariectomized-climbing exercise (OVX-CE), ovariectomized-ALA inject+climbing exercise (OVX-ACE), ovariectomized-treadmill exercise (OVX-TE) and ovariectomized-ALA inject+treadmill exercise (OVX-ATE). The climbing exercise group voluntarily climbed the 200 cm tower to drinking water from the bottle set at the top of it. The treadmill exercise group was performed the 60 min treadmill running with grade 6-8%, and velocity 10-15 m/min. The frequency of exercise training was performed 6 days per wk in both training intervention. For the comparison of bone metabolic responses following to different training intervention, the strength, length and weight of femur, total bone density, bone mineral contents, deoxypyridioline, osteocalcin and parathyroid hormone, estradiol and lutenizing hormone were measured in this study. The body weight was higher in the OVX-Con, OVX-ALA and OVX-TE groups as compared to NC group. The total bone mineral density of OVX-ACE showed a higher value than SS, OVX-Con, OVX-ATE and OVX-TE. But urine and blood metabolic parameters showed no significance among groups. In conclusion, this study results suggested that climbing exercise training and alpha lipoic acid supplementation may an effective intervention for prevention of osteoporosis in ovriectomized rats.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.43-55
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effects of program promoting self-efficacy patients with epicondylitis. Methods: Forty-three patients with unilateral epicondylitis were enrolled in this study between January, 2 and April, 28, 2009. The patients were assigned to one of two groups: Nineteen patients in the intervention group were given the self-efficacy promotion program with specific home instruction and the 24 in the control group were treated with conventional treatment. Pain by numeric rating scale, anxiety, and the self-efficacy of exercise were evaluated before the program, and 4 weeks after completing the intervention. The number of exercises was checked after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square test, paired t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients with SPSS 14.0 program. Results: Anxiety in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group(p=.018). Maximal and resting pain in the control group were lower than the intervention group( p=.000, p=.003). The self-efficacy of exercise and the number of exercises increased in the intervention group but there was no significant difference (p=.057, p=.052). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that a program promoting self-efficacy for patients with epicondylitis could be a useful nursing intervention to reduce anxiety.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.49-58
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of bridging stabilization exercise on balance ability and gait performance in elderly women. The subjects of this study were thirty-one elderly women over 65 years old in HongSung-Gun Senior Citizen Welfare Hall. The subjects were randomly assigned into one of three groups (trunk stabilization exercise on the mat, whole body vibration, and Swiss ball) and participated in each exercise program three times a week for 4 weeks. Each exercise began in the bridging position. The dynamic balance and gait were measured by limit of stability area using force plate, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). The results were as follows: 1) The limit of stability in three groups increased significantly in anterior-posterior and medial-lateral lean after 4-weeks intervention (p<.05). 2) There were no significant differences in the limit of stability among three groups after 4-weeks intervention (p>.05). 3) The BBS and TUG in three groups increased significantly after 4-weeks intervention (p<.05). 4) There were significant differences among three groups in BBS. Post-hoc test showed that Swiss ball exercise group was significantly higher than the mat and whole body vibration groups. 5) There were no significant differences TUG among three groups after 4-weeks intervention (p>.05). In conclusion, this study suggested that 4 weeks of the bridging stabilization exercises were effective on balance and gait in all three groups. Particularly Swiss ball exercise group showed higher improvement than two other exercise groups (mat, whole body vibration group).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2016

PURPOSE: This study was examined the effects of aerobic exercise using a step box and lower extremity strengthening exercise with an elastic band on the balance ability and lower extremity muscular strength in elderly subjects. METHODS: Forty-one healthy adults were randomly divided into experimental group 1 (Exp 1, n=14), experimental group 2 (Exp 2, n=14), and a control group (n=13). The Exp 1 conducted lower limb strengthening exercise using an elastic band and the Exp 2 performed aerobic exercise with a step box 50 minutes per day, twice per week, for eight weeks. RESULTS: There was significant increase in the Exp 1 and Exp 2 in comparison of the change of lower limb muscle strength according to measurement time (p<.05). But there was no significant difference according to intervention methods. In one-leg standing test change among the three groups after the intervention, the Exp 1 and Exp 2 saw significant improvement compared to the control group (p<.05) but there was no significant difference according to intervention methods. The change of the functional reaching test results, the Exp 1 and Exp 2 saw significant improvement according to the time of measurement. In the change of the Timed Up and Go test, there was significant improvement in the Exp 1 and Exp 2 compared to the control group (p<.01), but there was no significant difference according to intervention methods. CONCLUSION: Exercise to lower extremity strengthening program accompanied with aerobic exercise is considered more effective in dynamical balance and ability to walk.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 2014

Purpose : To evaluate the effect of cervical strengthening exercise on balance ability in healthy adults. Method : The subjects consisted of forty healthy people. The subjects were divided into two group. The control group(n=14) received no exercise and/or stimulation. The cervical strengthening exercise group(n=14) performed therapeutic intervention using cervical exercise for strengthening of cervical spine muscle. The exercise group were accomplished during 6 weeks(2~3set, 5times/week). All tests were completed before and after experiment. The static balance ability was measured by normal standing when subjects open and close their eyes on GOOD BALANCE SYSTEM, respectively. For each case, the experimental data were obtained in 3 items: mean X speed, mean Y speed and velocity moment. Result : The results of this study were as follows; 1. In the exercise group, the statistically significant difference were shown on X speed and Y speed in the case of normal standing when subjects open and close their eyes and X speed, Y speed and velocity moment in the case of normal standing when subjects close their eyes(p<0.05). 2. In control group, the statistically significant difference were not shown on all posture(p>0.05). 3. There were a statistically significant difference in the X speed and Y speed in the case of normal standing when subjects open their eyes between control group and the exercise group(p<0.05). There were a statistically significant difference in the X speed, Y speed and velocity moment in the case of normal standing when subjects close their eyes between control group and exercise group(p<0.05). Conclusion : The above results revealed that therapeutic intervention for muscle strengthening of cervical there were positive changes to balance ability.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.423-432
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate effectiveness of deep breathing exercise as a postoperative intervention to prevent pulmonary complications. Methods: A search of databases from 1990 to 2012 was done including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and eight Korean databases. Ten studies met eligibility criteria. Researchers trained in systematic review, independently assessed the methodological quality of selected studies using the Cochrane's risk of bias tool. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.2 program. Results: Among ten RCTs in four studies, deep breathing exercise was compared with an instrument using interventions such as incentive spirometry, in the other four studies deep breathing exercise was compared with non-intervention, and in last two studies bundles of interventions including coughing and early ambulation were assessed. A significant difference was found between deep breathing exercise group and non-intervention group. The odds ratio (OR) of occurrence of pulmonary complications for deep breathing exercise versus non-intervention was 0.30. However, there was no significant difference between deep breathing exercise group and incentive spirometry group (OR=1.22). Conclusion: Deep breathing exercise is vital to improving cost-effectiveness and efficiency of patient care in preventing postoperative pulmonary complications. For evidence-based nursing, standardized guidelines for deep breathing in postoperative care should be further studied.