• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.485-491
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.327-333
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• 2007

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2022

Lane management with a central variable lane(s) (or reversible lane) where the traffic flow is temporarily reversed in one or more lanes during peak periods has been evaluated as an effective strategy to alleviate congestion caused by tidal traffic flows. However, due to traffic safety issues, such a movable barrier system can be considered as an alternative to supplement the existing its operation facilities such as static and/or dynamic signs and special pavement markings. In addition, when combined with a bus exclusive lane strategy, its effectiveness could be greatly increased. The objective of this study is to propose a feasibility analysis procedure for operational strategies of a bus-exclusive lanes using a barrier transfer system (BTS) for urban expressways. To this end, a case study was conducted on two urban expressways on the west side of the Han River in Seoul. As a result, temporary operation during rush hour in the morning was found to be most effective. The results presented in this study are expected to serve as a basis for establishing bus-exclusive lane operation strategies using similar systems in the future.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.878-882
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• 2019

XOR(exclusive-OR)-XNOR(exclusive NOR) circuit is a basic component of 4-2 compressor for high performance arithmetic operation. In this paper we propose an energy efficient XOR-XNOR circuit. The proposed circuit is reduced the internal parasitic capacitance in critical path and implemented with 8 transistors. The circuit produces a perfect output signals for all input combinations. Compared with the previous circuits, the proposed circuit has a 14.5% reduction in propagation delay time and a 1.7% increase in power consumption. Therefore, the proposed XOR-XNOR is reduced power-delay- product (PDP) by 13.1% and energy-delay-product (EDP) by 26.0%. The proposed circuits are implemented with standard CMOS 0.18um technology and verified through SPICE simulation with 1.8V supply voltage.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.80-89
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• 2016

The median exclusive bus lanes with the purpose of improving public transport as part of a public transport promoting policy propel to improves the speed of the bus and guarantee punctuality security of public transportation for citizen satisfaction. In Median Exclusive bus lanes, Intersection operational methods are classified as turn prohibition, left turn, left turn U-Turn after turn prohibition. However, there are not clear criteria for applying for turn left U-Turn and related researches. The purpose of this study is to search a method for more safely operation when we operate turn left U-Turn in median exclusive bus lanes intersection. As a result, Bus stop in median exclusive bus lane should set back 12m for left turn, 17m for left turn U-turn during 60km/h and set back 13m for left turn, 17m for left turn U-turn during 50km/h.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.5 s.91
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• pp.123-133
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• 2006

Seoul and many large cities in Korea have implemented Median Exclusive Bus Lane(MEB). But exclusive bus lane in the middle of the road caused new contradictions between left turn movement and through bus movement and several signal operation techniques like 'left turn Protected' and 'overlap phase' couldn't be applied in intersections on MEB. We suggest 'Bus-only Signal for median lane technique as solution of these problems This study presents optimum signal time design process and detailed algorithms for intersections where bus-only signals are installed. As a test field. we took Yang-Je intersection where Median Exclusive Bus Lane go through. and have large gap in volume of left turn in main direction. And we verified that revised optimum signal time including overlap phase can reduce average delay time of vehicle through before and after simulation.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2002

In this paper, a novel algorithm for segmentation of moving multiple vehicles in video sequences using logic operations is proposed. For the case of multiple vehicles in a scene, the proposed algorithm begins with a robust double-edge image derived from the difference between two successive frames using exclusive OR operation. After extracting only the edges of moving multiple vehicles using Laplacian filter, AND operation and dilation operation, the image is segmented into moving multiple vehicle image. The features of moving vehicles can be directly extracted from the segmented images. The proposed algorithm has no the two preprocessing steps, so it can reduce noises which are norm at in preprocessing of the original images. The algorithm is more simplified using logic operations. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on an outdoor video sequence with moving multiple vehicles in 90,000 frames of 30fps by a low-end video camera and produces promising results.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.110-116
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• 2008

In this paper, we proposed an improvement technique of image encryption using binary phase computer generated hologram(BPCGH) and multi exclusive-OR(XOR) operations. For the encryption process, a BPCGH that reconstructs the original image is designed, using an iterative algorithm, and the resulting hologram is regarded as the image to be encrypted. The BPCGH is encrypted through the exclusive-OR operation with the random generated phase key image. Then the encrypted image is divided into several slide images using XOR operations. So, the performance of encryption for the image is improved. For the decryption process, we cascade the encrypted slide images and phase key image and interfere with reference wave. Then decrypted hologram image is transformed into phase information. Finally, the original image is recovered by an inverse Fourier transformation of the phase information. If the slide images are changed, we can get various decrypted BPCGH images. In the proposed security system, without a random generated key image, the original image can not be recovered. And we recover another hologram pattern according to the slide images, so it can be used in the differentiated authorization system.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2000

Exceptive clause of ambulance stated in Road Traffic Laws of ambulance car accidents is not properly applied and emergency staffs who transfer over 85% of emergency cases are to be forced to start out to the emergency field with unstable conditions which they may be punished on the criminal and civil laws. Hereby this study makes the following suggestions to activate the duties of transferring emergency cases by emergency staffs, promote their morale and diminish the victim of emergency staffs due to traffic accidents. 1) It is prescribed that ambulance car drivers should be protected legally by applying the exceptive clauses thoroughly regulated in special case clauses because ambulance cars are used for the purpose of saving the human life. 2) On the traffic accidents occurred during the transfer of emergency cases, the special insurance system is created for treating the ambulance car accidents, not to bind the emergency staff's mistake to traffic law and the victims are compensated by the nation on the basis of insurance system and emergency staffs have the systematic security. 3) On the road over six lanes, emergency lane is set on the center and ambulance car should be used as the exclusive lane. 4) Ambulance car drivers must have the habit of transferring emergency cases rapidly within the range of legal operation.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.56-68
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the elementary school teachers' perceptions about the science subject exclusive system. For this study, we developed the questionnaire to investigate teachers' perceptions and 43 elementary school teachers participated in the questionnaire test. And we used participation observation method to investigate characteristics the exclusive elementary science teacher and the elementary school homeroom teacher's science classes. After participation observation, we had interviews with exclusive elementary school science teacher and elementary school homeroom teacher. The results showed that elementary school teachers thought the science subject exclusive system was very necessary. And elementary school teachers thought that the exclusive elementary science teacher had higher professionality about teaching science subject than the homeroom teacher. Then, they expected that the strong points of science subject exclusive system would be some solution to the weak points of homeroom teachers' science classes. We suggested that it must be to enlarge the science subject exclusive system and develope in-service teacher program for the exclusive elementary science teachers.