• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.176-182
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• 2007

천연기념물은 자연의 산물이며 인류가 보호해야 할 유산이다. 천연기념물 중 동물과 식물은 생명을 가지고 있기 때문에 하나의 개체는 반드시 소멸한다. 천연기념물인 보은 속리산의 정이품송은 유일하다. 현재 정이품송은 자연재해와 병충해로 인해 곤란을 겪고 있으며 수령이 600년 이상이 되어 고사의 위기에 처해있다. 본 연구의 목적은 국가적으로 유지하여야 하는 희귀식물의 혈통을 보존하고 매력 있는 식물자원의 상품, 지역주민의 대량증식에 의한 소득창출 등을 할 수 있는 대상으로서 천연기념물인 정이품송의 관광자원화 방안을 모색하고자 하는 것이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위한 방안으로서 식물유전자분석기술을 활용한 정이품송 혈통인증, 순종보존과 스토리텔링과 접목한 족보관리시스템 운용, 생산 판매 소유자 간 커뮤니티 제공과 데이터베이스 구축, 문화관광이벤트의 개최, 정이품송의 가치 보존과 브랜드화 등을 제시하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.1979-1986
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• 2010

생물 조기 경보 시스템은 물속 생명체의 행동을 관찰하여 독성을 감지한다. 이 시스템은 분류기를 물의 독성의 유무와 정도를 판단하기 위해 사용한다. 이 분류기의 성능을 높이기 위해 적용할 수 있는 방법 중에 부스팅 알고리즘이 있다. 부스팅은 기본 분류기로는 예측 정확도가 낮았던 분류하기 어려운 사건에 집중할 수 있도록 다음 번 데이터에 해당 훈련 사건(event)들이 뽑힐 확률을 높여준다. 횟수가 진행될수록 분류기가 어려운 사건들을 집중적으로 고려하게 된다. 그 결과 분류하기 어려웠던 사건에 대한 예측 성능은 좋아지지만, 비교적 쉬운 훈련 사건들의 정보는 버려지는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 같은 단점을 보완하기 위해 분류기에 확장된 데이터 표현을 위한 점진적 학습법의 적용을 제안한다. 확장된 데이터 표현의 가중치 변수를 사용하면 약하게 분류되는 사건 뿐 아니라 쉽게 분류되는 사건의 정보까지도 사용하여 분류기의 예측 정확도를 높일 수 있게 된다. 새로 적용된 알고리즘과 기존의 중요도 변수를 사용하지 않는 learn++를 비교하여 성능이 향상됨을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2018

Quercus floribunda (Tilonj oak) is among the five species of Quercus and an evergreen tree found in Kumaun Himalayan region. Timing of germination is a crucial event determining the success of seedling establishment and survival. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of sowing date on the germination and morphological responses of Tilonj oak (Quercus floribunda), cultivated during the month of August-September, with supplementary irrigation. The experiment was conducted by sowing seeds at two dates with one month interval in glass house conditions at DSB Campus, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Present study revealed that higher germination percentage (46.67 %) was recorded at sowing time $S_2$ as compared to the sowing time $S_1$ (32.86 %). Germination percentage as well as seedling growth were affected by sowing date though the differences were insignificant. At both the sowing dates, highest germination percentage was recorded for large seeds (32.86-46.67 %) followed by medium (31.43-33.33 %) and lowest germination (6.67-7.14 %) was recorded for small size seeds. In all parameters assessed, sowing time $S_2$ had the best performance in combination with large seed size. Thus, September is suitable month for best germination, growth and seedling vigour and large seed size is recommended to silviculturists and tree planters. The information on seed germination and seedling growth is vital both for conservation and rehabilitation of degraded lands.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.882-887
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• 1998

저자들은 1년전 제산제 복용 도중 약 포장지 조각을 흡인한 사실을 모르고 지내다가 지속된 흉부 불쾌감, 기침, 호흡 곤란 등의 증상으로 내원하여 굴곡성 가관 지경으로 기관지내 이물 및 반복되는 염증으로 인한 기판지간 누공을 발견하고 이물을 제거한 1예를 경험 하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고는 바이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2022

Cyber security and resilience are phrases that describe safeguards of ICTs (information and communication technologies) from cyber-attacks or mitigations of cyber event impacts. The sole purpose of Risk models are detections, analyses, and handling by considering all relevant perceptions of risks. The current research effort has resulted in the development of a new paradigm for safeguarding services offered online which can be utilized by both service providers and users. customers. However, rather of relying on detailed studies, this approach emphasizes task selection and execution that leads to successful risk treatment outcomes. Modelling intelligent CSGs (Cyber Security Games) using MLTs (machine learning techniques) was the focus of this research. By limiting mission risk, CSGs maximize ability of systems to operate unhindered in cyber environments. The suggested framework's main components are the Threat and Risk models. These models are tailored to meet the special characteristics of online services as well as the cyberspace environment. A risk management procedure is included in the framework. Risk scores are computed by combining probabilities of successful attacks with findings of impact models that predict cyber catastrophe consequences. To assess successful attacks, models emulating defense against threats can be used in topologies. CSGs consider widespread interconnectivity of cyber systems which forces defending all multi-step attack paths. In contrast, attackers just need one of the paths to succeed. CSGs are game-theoretic methods for identifying defense measures and reducing risks for systems and probe for maximum cyber risks using game formulations (MiniMax). To detect the impacts, the attacker player creates an attack tree for each state of the game using a modified Extreme Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (that sees numerous compromises ahead). Based on the findings, the proposed model has a high level of security for the web sources used in the experiment.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2013

Purpose: This study identifies accident sequences from the past accidents in order to help the risk analysis application to the external radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: This study reviews 59 accidental cases in two retrospective safety analyses that have collected the incidents in the external radiotherapy extensively. Two accident analysis reports that accumulated past incidents are investigated to identify accident sequences including initiating events, failure of safety measures, and consequences. This study classifies the accidents by the treatments stages and sources of errors for initiating events, types of failures in the safety measures, and types of undesirable consequences and the number of affected patients. Then, the accident sequences are grouped into several categories on the basis of similarity of progression. As a result, these cases can be categorized into 14 groups of accident sequence. Results: The result indicates that risk analysis needs to pay attention to not only the planning stage, but also the calibration stage that is committed prior to the main treatment process. It also shows that human error is the largest contributor to initiating events as well as to the failure of safety measures. This study also illustrates an event tree analysis for an accident sequence initiated in the calibration. Conclusion: This study is expected to provide sights into the accident sequences for the prospective risk analysis through the review of experiences.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2018

In this paper, a kidnapping detection scheme in which human pose estimation is used to classify accurately between kidnapping cases and normal ones is proposed. To estimate human poses from input video, human's 10 joint information is extracted by OpenPose library. In addition to the features which are used in the previous study to represent the size change rates and the regularities of human activities, the human pose estimation features which are computed from the location of detected human's joints are used as the features to distinguish kidnapping situations from the normal accompanying ones. A frame-based kidnapping detection scheme is generated according to the selection of J48 decision tree model from the comparison of several representative classification models. When a video has more frames of kidnapping situation than the threshold ratio after two people meet in the video, the proposed scheme detects and notifies the occurrence of kidnapping event. To check the feasibility of the proposed scheme, the detection accuracy of our newly proposed scheme is compared with that of the previous scheme. According to the experiment results, the proposed scheme could detect kidnapping situations more 4.73% correctly than the previous scheme.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1995년도 추계학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.185-190
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• 1995

Conventional alarm system has many difficulties in the operator's identifying the plant status during special situations such as design basis accidents. To solve the shortcomings, an on-line alarm annunciator system, called dynamic alarm console (DAC), was developed. In the DAC, a signal is generated as alarm by the use of an adaptive setpoint check strategy based on operating mode, and time delay technique is used not to generate nuisance alarms. After alarm generation, if activated alarm is a level precursor alarm or a consequencial alarm, it would be suppressed, and the residual alarms go through dynamic prioritization which provide the alarms with pertinent priorities to the current operating mode. Dynamic prioritization is achieved by going through the system- and mode-oriented prioritization. The DAC has the alarm hierarchical structure based on the physical and functional importance of alarms. Therefore the operator can perceive alarm impacts on the safety or performance of the plant with the alarm propagation from equipment level to plant functional level. In order to provide the operator with the most possible cause of the event and quick cognition of the plant status even without recognizing the individual alarms, reactor trip status tree (RTST) was developed. The DAC and the RTST have been simulated with on-line data obtained from the full-scope simulator for several abnormal cases. The results indicated that the system can provide the operator with useful and compact information fur the earlier termination and mitigation of an abnormal state.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.426-433
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• 2017

This paper describes the development process, the innovative techniques used and insights gained from the latest integrated, full scope, multistate Level 2 PSA analysis conducted at the Leibstadt Nuclear Power Plant (KKL), Switzerland. KKL is a modern single-unit General Electric Boiling Water Reactor (BWR/6) with Mark III Containment, and a power output of $3600MW_{th}/1200MW_e$, the highest among the five operating reactors in Switzerland. A Level 2 Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) analyses accident phenomena in nuclear power plants, identifies ways in which radioactive releases from plants can occur and estimates release pathways, magnitude and frequency. This paper attempts to give an overview of the advanced modeling techniques that have been developed and implemented for the recent KKL Level 2 PSA update, with the aim of systematizing the analysis and modeling processes, as well as complying with the relatively prescriptive Swiss requirements for PSA. The analysis provides significant insights into the absolute and relative importances of risk contributors and accident prevention and mitigation measures. Thanks to several newly developed techniques and an integrated approach, the KKL Level 2 PSA report exhibits a high degree of reviewability and maintainability, and transparently highlights the most important risk contributors to Large Early Release Frequency (LERF) with respect to initiating events, components, operator actions or seismic component failure probabilities (fragilities).

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2009

The water of rivers and lakes are affecting by point and nonpoint source pollutions. The point source pollution can be controlled by establishing the treatment plants. However, nonpoint source pollution by various human activities is not easy to be controlled because it is difficult to determine the exits of the water flow and have many exit points. Due to contribution of nonpoint source pollution, the achievement ratio of water quality in rivers and lakes is not high. TMDL is the outstanding water quality control policy because all of the pollutant loadings from the watershed area are counting on the input loads. Our aqua-ecosystem has self-purification process by biological, physical and ecological processes. The self-purification process can remove the pollutant load from background concentrations. Usually forest area is main source of background concentrations. In Korea, about 70% of the national boundary area consists of mountains. This study is conducting as part of long-term monitoring to determine the Event Mean Concentration during a storm. The monitoring was performed on a broad-leaved tree area.