• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2006

Photoluminescence (PL) and crystal structures of the $(l-x)CaWO_4-xLi_2WO_4$ binary system added with $Eu_2O_3$ activator have been characterized. The $CaWO_4\;and\;Li_2WO_4$ have the scheelite and phenakite structures respectively. The $CaWO_4-Li_2WO_4-Eu_2O_3$ phosphors show the red luminescence of 613 nm peak wavelength. The wavelength range of excitation spectral band is $380\~470$ nm with the peak wavelength of 397 nm. The $0.88(0.5CaWO_4-0.5Li_2WO_4)-0.12Eu_2O_3$ showed the most superior luminescence characteristics. The effect of co-doping elements such as $Al_2O_3$ and rare-earth oxides on PL has been characterized. The co-doping elements deteriorated the luminescence intensity except the $Al_2O_3$ and $Gd_2O_3$. The PL characteristics of $CaWO_4-Li_2WO_4-Eu_2O_3$ phosphors have been compared to those of the alkali europium double molybdates (tungstates) of scheelite-related structure such as $LiEu(MoO_4)_2$ and $CsEu(MoO_4)_2$. The crystal structures of $(l-y)[(l-x)CaWO_4-xLi_2WO_4]-yEu_2O_3$ phosphors have been characterized using XRD data and rietveld refinement.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.506-511
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 이트륨과 유로퓸 질산수용액으로부터 솔-젤 및 연소공정에 의한 적색 형광체를 제조함에 있어, 솔-젤반응의 고찰을 통한 반응메카니즘을 해석하고, 제조된 적색형광체의 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 무정형 구연산염 솔-젤 반응은 반응 초기에 킬레이트화 반응과 가수분해 반응이 완료되었으며, 가수분해의 진행에 따라 축합중합반응은 유기산 형성 축합중합 보다는 물 형성 축합중합반응이 더 우세하였다. 솔-젤 반응의 진행을 위해서는 이트륨(유로퓸 포함)과 젤화 작용제인 구연산 몰 비는 1 : 2 이상이 필요하였다. 솔-젤과 건조과정을 거쳐 얻은 젤 분말의 열분석 결과 형광체를 얻기 위한 소성온도는 $700^{\circ}C$ 이상이 되어야 하며, 젤 분말의 소성 시 소성온도가 증가함에 따라 생성되는 형광체의 결정도가 향상되었으며, 결정립 크기가 증가하였다. 제조된 형광체의 발광특성 분석 결과, 출발용액 내 금속이온(이트륨 및 유로퓸)의 농도, 그리고 소성온도가 증가할수록 발광세기가 증가하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1373-1376
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• 1998

Electroluminescent(EL) devices based on organic materials have been of great interest due to their possible applications for large-area flat-panel displays. They are attractive because of their capability of multicolor emission, and low operation voltage. In this study, glass substrate/ITO/TPD/$Eu(TTA)_3(phen)/Alq_3/Al$ structures were fabricated by evaporation method, where aromatic diamine(TPD) were used as a hole transporting material, $Eu(TTA)_3(phen)$ as an emitting material, and tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)Aluminum ($Alq_3$) as an electron transporting layer. Electroluminescent(EL) and I-V characteristics of $Eu(TTA)_3(phen)$ with a variety thickness was investigated. This structure shows the red EL spectrum, which is almost the same as the PL spectrum of $Eu(TTA)_3(phen)$. I-V characteristics of this structure show that turn-on voltage was 9V and current density of $0.01A/cm^2$ at a dc drive voltage of 9V. Details on the explanation of electrical transport phenomena of these structures with I-V characteristics using the trapped-charge-limited current model will be discussed.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2016

Much attention has been paid to thermally conductive materials for efficient heat dissipation of electronic devices to maintain their functionality and to support lifetime span. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), which has a high thermal conductivity, is one of the most suitable materials for thermally conductive composites. In this study, we synthesize h-BN nanocrystals by pyrolysis of cost-effective precursors, boric acid, and melamine. Through pyrolysis at $900^{\circ}C$ and subsequent annealing at $1500^{\circ}C$, h-BN nanoparticles with diameters of ~80 nm are synthesized. We demonstrate that the addition of small amounts of Eu-containing salts during the preparation of melamine borate precursors significantly enhanced the crystallinity of h-BN. In particular, addition of Eu assists the growth of h-BN nanoplatelets with diameters up to ~200 nm. Polymer composites containing both spherical $Al_2O_3$ (70 vol%) and Eu-doped h-BN nanoparticles (4 vol%) show an enhanced thermal conductivity (${\lambda}{\sim}1.72W/mK$), which is larger than the thermal conductivity of polymer composites containing spherical $Al_2O_3$ (70 vol%) as the sole fillers (${\lambda}{\sim}1.48W/mK$).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1553-1558
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• 2009

A series of Eu(III) complexes with various neutral ligands (2,2’:6’,2"-terpyridine (T), diglyme (D), 1N-(2-dimethylamino) ethyl)-1N, 2N, 2N-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine (PT), di-(2-picolyl)-amine derivative (HT), and multidentate terpyridine derivative (DT)) were synthesized to investigate the effect of coordination environment on the sensitized luminescence of Eu(III) complexes. The nine coordination sites of the $Eu^{3+}$ ion are occupied by three bidentate carboxylate moieties and one neutral ligand. The highest emission intensity is obtained for $Eu^{3+}$- $[NA]_3$ (PT), due to the difference in energy transfer efficiency and symmetry of the first coordination sphere of $Eu^{3+}$ ion. But, the lowest emission intensity is obtained for $Eu^{3+}$-$[NA]_3$(T). Terpyridine may not play an important role antenna for photosensitizing $Eu^{3+}$ ion. It could be attributed to the weak spectral overlap integral J value between its phosphorescence band and $Eu^{3+}$ion absorption band. Therefore, different coordination environment of $Ln^{3+}$ ion play an important role in providing sensitization of lanthanide ion emission.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2019

화학양론적 조성과 비화학양론적 조성을 갖는 LiBaPO₄:Eu²⁺ 계 형광체를 고상반응으로 제조한 후 환원 분위기에서 열처리한 다음 분말의 결정구조와 광 특성을 X선 회절 분석과 발광 분석을 통하여 조사하였다. XRD 분석 결과, 900℃에서 중간상으로서 Ba₃(PO₄)₂ 상이 주 결정상 LiBaPO₄와 함께 나타났다. 1,100℃에서 낮은 농도의 유로피움이 도핑된 조성의 결정구조는 삼방정(trigonal) 구조에 속하는 반면, 4 mol% Eu²⁺ 이상의 조성에서는 단사정(monoclinic) 계를 나타내었다. 4 mol% 이상의 Eu²⁺이 첨가된 비화학양론적 조성에서는 단일상의 LiBaPO₄가 형성되었다. 단일상의 LiBaPO₄:Eu²⁺ 계 형광체는 480nm에서의 청록색 발광스펙트럼을 나타내었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.344-344
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 X선 영상 검출기로의 적용을 위하여 $Gd_2O_3$:Eu 형광체 필름을 제작하여 X선에 대한 발광 특성을 분석하였다. $Gd_2O_3$:Eu는 저온 액상법을 이용하여 분말 형태로 제조한 후 Particle-in-binder (PIB)으로 필름 형태로 제작한 후, 도핑된 Europium(Eu)의 농도와 소결 온도에 따른 X선에 대한 발광 특성을 분석하였다. Photolumimescence (PL) spectrum에서 611nm에서 가장 높은 발광 효율을 나타내었으며, 입자의 크기가 줄어듦에 따라 610nm에서 새로운 peak가 형성 되었다. 또한 Eu의 농도에 따라서 발광 강도의 차이가 관찰되었는데, 5wt%의 도핑 농도에서 가장 높은 발광 효율을 나타냈으며, 도핑 농도에 매우 의존적인 결과를 나타냈다. 소결 온도에 따른 발광 특성 분석에서, $500^{\circ}C$에서 소결하였을 때는 623nm에서 강한 peak를 나타내는 단사정계상의 발광 peak는 거의 관찰되지 않았으나 소결 온도가 $700^{\circ}C$와 $900^{\circ}C$에서는 peak가 확인되었다. 이를 통해 $Gd_2O_3$ 모체가 대부분 입방 대칭 구조를 가지는 $Gd_2O_3$:Eu가 합성되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 소결 온도에 따른 발광 강도를 분석한 결과 $900^{\circ}C$에서 소결하였을 때 가장 높은 발광 강도를 나타냈다. Luminescent decay time 측정 결과에서 도핑된 Eu의 농도가 커질수록 Luminescent decay time이 짧아짐을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.761-765
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• 2006

[ $II-III_2-(S,Se)_4$ ] structured of phosphor has been used at various field because those have high luminescent efficiency and broad emission band. Among these phosphors, the europium doped $BaGa_2S_4$ was prepared by solid-state method and had high potential application due to an emissive property of UV region. Also, the common sulfide phosphors were synthesized by using injurious $H_2S\;or\;CS_2$ gas. However, in this study $BaGa_2S_4:Eu^{2+}$ phosphor in addition to excess sulfur was prepared under at 5% $H_2/95%\;N_2$ reduction atmosphere. Thus, this process could be considered as large scale synthesis because of non-harmfulness and simplification. The photoluminescence efficiency of the prepared $BaGa_2S_4:Eu^{2+}$ phosphor increased 20% than that of commercial $SrGa_2S_4:Eu^{2+}$ phosphor. The prepared $BaGa_2S_4:Eu^{2+}$ could be applied to green phosphor for white LED of three wavelengths.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2008

The phase transformations and luminescent properties of Eu-doped $Ca_{1-x}Sr_xAl_2O_4$ phosphors were investigated. $Ca_{1-x}Sr_xAl_2O_4:Eu^{2+}$ phosphors were synthesized by a solid-state reaction with a flux, $H_3BO_3$. A phase transformation from monoclinic $CaAl_2O_4$ to monoclinic $SrAl_2O_4$ was observed as the x values increased. A high-temperature hexagonal phase of $SrAl_2O_4$ was formed during this transformation as an intermediate phase under an $H_2$ atmosphere due to oxygen vacancies; this did not occur in an air atmosphere. Accordingly, the emission spectra shifted from a blue region to a green region as x increased.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.939-944
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• 2015

The calibration methods of neutron-measuring devices such as the neutron survey meter have advantages and disadvantages. To compare the calibration factors obtained by the shadow cone method and semi-empirical method, 10 neutron survey meters of five different types were used in this study. This experiment was performed at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI; Daejeon, South Korea), and the calibration neutron fields were constructed using a $^{252}Californium$ ($^{252}Cf$) neutron source, which was positioned in the center of the neutron irradiation room. The neutron spectra of the calibration neutron fields were measured by a europium-activated lithium iodide scintillator in combination with KAERI's Bonner sphere system. When the shadow cone method was used, 10 single moderator-based survey meters exhibited a smaller calibration factor by as much as 3.1-9.3% than that of the semi-empirical method. This finding indicates that neutron survey meters underestimated the scattered neutrons and attenuated neutrons (i.e., the total scatter corrections). This underestimation of the calibration factor was attributed to the fact that single moderator-based survey meters have an under-ambient dose equivalent response in the thermal or thermal-dominant neutron field. As a result, when the shadow cone method is used for a single moderator-based survey meter, an additional correction and the International Organization for Standardization standard 8529-2 for room-scattered neutrons should be considered.