• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 두 종류의 가시오가피 발효물 추출물(FM-5111, FM-5131)에 대한 지방간 예방 및 개선 효능을 검토하였다. 그 결과 FM-5111, FM-5131 모두 ethionine과 ethanol 지방간 모델에서 간 손상의 지표인 AST의 수치를 감소시키며, 간 내 총 지질량과 중성지방 함유량을 감소시키는 효능을 보이고 있다. 특히 간 내 총 지질량과 중성지방 함유량의 감소 정도로 보았을 때, ethanol 지방간 모델에서 더욱 두드러진 효능을 보이고 있다. 따라서 FM-5111과 FM-5131은 비알코올성 지방간 형성을 예방하고 알코올에 의해 형성된 지방간을 개선하는 효능을 가지고 있으며, 비알코올성 지방간과 알코올성 지방간 모델에서 간 손상 등을 억제하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2018

Objective : In this study, we investigated the effect of SAL5(mixing extracts of Schisandra chinensis Baillon, Artemisia capillaris Thunb., and Aloe vera Linne) on chronic ethanol-induced fatty liver model. Methods : Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed Liber-DeCarli (normal), ethanol liquid diet (control), SAL5 (200 mg/kg). We administrated the SAL5 on chronic ethanol-induced fatty liver model for 5 weeks. We measured alkaline phosphtase (ALP), alanine transminase (ALT), aspartate transminase (AST) and ${\gamma}-glutamyl$ transpeptase (${\gamma}-GTP$) in serum and triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in liver. Liver histopathology was examined by Hematoxylin-eosin and Oil red O staining of the fixed liver tissues. Real-time PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMP-2, MMP-9. Results : SAL5 administration resulted in significantly decreased liver marker enzymes activities of alanine transminase (ALT), ${\gamma}-glutamyl$ transpeptase (${\gamma}-GTP$) in serum and triglyceride (TG) activities in liver. The control group decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) with the reduced level of glutathione (GSH) in liver. On the other hand, SAL5 group increased the activities of SOD, CAT and the level of GSH. SAL5 delayed the development of an alcoholic fatty liver by reversing fat accumulation in the liver, as evidenced in histological observations. The gene expression of mRNA were significantly decreased at the $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, NOS-II and MMP-2 by SAL5. Conclusions : These results indicate that SAL5 might have protective effect chronic ethanol-induced fatty liver models.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2020

Objectives : This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects effects of Jageum-jung extract on alcohol-induced liver disease mice model. Methods : Alcoholic liver disease was induced by Ethanol in C57/BL6 male mice, which were fed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing ethanol. Jageum-jung (100,200 and 300 mg/kg bw/day) were orally administered daily in the alcoholic fatty liver disease mice for 16 days. Results : The results indicate that Jageum-jung promotes hepatoprotective effects by significantly reducing aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels as indicators of liver damage in the serum. Furthermore, Jageum-jung decreased accumulation of triglyceride and total cholesterol, increased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the serum of the alcoholic fatty liver disease mice model. Additionally, it improved the serum alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. Conclusions : This study confirmed the anti-oxidative and hangover elimination effects of Jageum-jung extract, and suggests the possibility of using Jageum-jung to treat alcholic liver disease.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2013

Silymarin has been introduced fairly recently as a hepatoprotective agent. But its mechanisms of action still have not been well established. The aim of this study was to make alcoholic fatty liver model of rats in a short time and investigate silymarin's protective effects and possible mechanisms on alcoholic fatty liver for rats. The model of rat's alcoholic fatty liver was induced by intragastric infusion of ethanol and high-fat diet for six weeks. Histopathological changes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE). The activities of alanine transarninase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in serum were detected with routine laboratory methods using an autoanalyzer. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenates were measured by spectrophotometry. The TG content in liver tissue was determined by spectrophotometry. The expression of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the liver were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Silymarin effectively protected liver from alcohol-induced injury as evidenced by improving histological damage situation, reducing ALT and AST activities and TBIL level in serum, increasing SOD and GPx activities and decreasing MDA content in liver homogenates and reducing TG content in liver tissue. Additionally, silymarin markedly downregulated the expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ p65, ICAM-1 and IL-6 in liver tissue. In conclusion, Silymarin could protect against the liver injury caused by ethanol administration. The effect may be related to alleviating lipid peroxidation and inhibiting the expression of NF-${\kappa}B$.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.296-308
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• 2023

This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of Coriandrum sativum L. ethanol extracts in a high fat diet-induced obesity model (DIO). We confirmed the anti-obesity effects by analysing the expression of the related proteins, weight gain, dietary intake, dietary efficiency, blood biochemistry, histological analysis and western blot analysis. After oral administration of Coriandrum sativumL. ethanol extracts at concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/kg, a significant improvement in dietary efficiency, reduction in weight gain, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in blood lipid was observed for 8 weeks. In addition, improvement in blood glucose and metabolism confirmed through glucose tolerance test was observed. Further, the concentration of alanine transaminase (ALT) in blood was significantly decreased, which improved the fatty liver caused by high-fat diet intake as confirmed by liver tissue analysis. This phenomenon was confirmed to decrease the expression of fat accumulation-related PPARγ and FAS protein in the liver tissue. Especially, it is believed that FAS, a liposynthetic enzyme, has a stronger inhibitory effect than PPARγ. Therefore, Coriandrum sativum L. ethanol extract is thought to improve obesity by reducing blood lipids levels, improving glucose metabolism and inhibiting synthesis of the fat that accumulates in the liver in high-fat diet-induced obesity animal models.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2020

Alcoholic fatty liver disorder has become a frequent health concern worldwide. To investigate the effects of Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea) sprout extract (BOE), the present study was designed with alcoholic fatty liver in the rat. Initially, the effects of BOE on liver parameters were examined. Male rats were divided into five groups. The normal control group was fed the normal diet, and the BOE group was fed the high fat diet and ethanol with/without BOE for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks feeding period, rats were sacrificed and their livers and blood were used for fatty liver-related biomarkers analyses. As a result, BOE ameliorated fatty liver-related enzymes profiles in liver tissues and also reduced blood alcohol concentration in rat model. We demonstrated that BOE protected the high fat diet and alcohol-induced fatty liver in rat model. Furthermore, BOE increased detoxificative abilities against alcohol.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.322-328
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• 1989

The effect of dietary carnitine on ethanol-induced fattv liver and hvpertriglyceridemia was examined in an animal model. Consistent with literature, ethanol fed at 5g/Kg of b.w. to rats produced a significant increase in hepatic concentrations of total lipid, kislycerine, phospholi-pid, free cholesterol and esteriaed cholesterol as well as elevated plasma concentrations of triglvceride. It was when the ethanol diet was supplemented with D.L. camitine that there was a singini-cant reduction in the accumulation of lipids in the ethanol-compromised liver. Dietary cacti-tine was also effective in ameliorating ethanol-induced hypeuriglyceridemia. Total protein con-tents in the plasma was not varied among the groups. Ethanol의 대사과정에 관여하는 영향중에 특징적인 것으로 과유지방혈증(hyperlipidemia) 까 지방간(fatty liver)을 거쳐 간경변에 이르는 간에 관계하는 일련의 증상들을 들 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 만성적 ethanol의 지방대사 장해에 대한 D.L.-carnitine의 효과에 대해 고찰하였다. 실험용 횐쥐를 사용하여 실험군(ethanol group)에게 체중 kg당 5g의 ethanol(30% in saline)을 투여하여 알콜유발성 지방간과 과유지방혈증을 일으키고, 그 실험군 흰쥐들에게 carnitine(0.4 mg/g of body weight)을 첨가하여 그 효과를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 carnitine을 첨가하여 투여한 흰쥐들에서 ethanol처리군과 비교하여 볼 때 간과 혈장에서 지방축적이 현저히 감소하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.345-359
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• 2003

A number of toxicants have been incriminated as a causing hepatic disease. Among many detrimental injury, alcohol has been noted for hepatitis, fatty liver, fibrosis, and hepatic cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to develop animal model for hepatic fibrosis in pigs fed ethanol, and to search for a new anti-fibrogenic agent via this model. Twelve male Landrace pigs were divided into 3 groups of 4 animals each. Group 1, 2 and 3 were fed with active ceramic water only, ceramic water + liquid diet containing 15% ethanol and normal tap water + liquid diet containing 15% ethanol for 12 weeks, respectively. At week 12, all pigs were immediately sacrificed for collection each tissue and blood. Serologically, serum ALT and AST levels were significantly reversed in group 2, as compared to group 3. They were normal range in pigs of group 1. Microscopically, macrovesicular lipid droplets and moderate hepatocellular necrosis were evident in the tap water + ethanol fed group 3. However, the active ceramic water treated group 1 showed normal architecture. Moreover, in group 2, mild fatty changes and necrosis were observed in hepatocytes. Collagen fibers were increased in spaces surrounding periportal and interlobular connective tissues in the group 3 of tap water + ethanol, but collagen synthesis and its thickness of fibrotic septa connecting portal tracts were markedly reduced in the group 2 of ceramic water + ethanol. Myofibroblasts were detected mainly in the interlobular connective tissues of pig liver of group 3 treated ethanol and tap water. Few to no myofibroblasts were observed in groups 1 and 2. CYP2E1 was not or rarely detected in group 1 fed ceramic water. However, group 2 showed slightly activation of CYP2E1 in the area of pericentral vein, while CYP2E1 was significantly activated in group 3 fed tap water and ethanol. Based on the above data, we believe that we have developed a unique alcohol induced fibrosis model in pig, which will be useful in developing anti-fibrotic agents and drugs. Furthermore, the active ceramic water used in our study had an inhibitory and may be protective against ethanol induced hepatic toxicity and fibrosis.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we observed the effect of ethanol extract of Allium fistulosum (EAF) on NAFLD and have suggested the possibility of using EAF as a natural product for application in the development of a treatment for NAFLD. MATERIALS/METHODS: The preventive effect on hepatic lipid accumulation was estimated by using an oleic acid (OA)-induced NAFLD model in vitro and a Western diet (high-fat high-sucrose; WD)-induced obese mouse model. Animals were divided into three groups (n = 7): normal diet group (ND), WD group, and WD plus 1% EAF group. RESULTS: EAF reduced OA-stimulated lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells in the absence of cellular cytotoxicity and significantly blocked transcriptional activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthase genes. Subsequently, we investigated these effects in vivo in mice fed either ND or WD in the presence or absence of EAF supplementation. In comparison to the ND controls, the WD-fed mice exhibited increases in body weight, liver weight, epididymal fat weight, and accumulation of fat in hepatocytes, and these effects were significantly attenuated by EAF supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Allium fistulosum attenuates the development of NAFLD, and EAF elicits anti-lipogenic activity in liver. Therefore, EAF represents a promising candidate for use in the development of novel therapeutic drugs or drug combinations for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.206-212
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• 1994

The present study was performed to determine the protective effect of G009 on liver damage induced bv ethanol $CCl_4$ and thioacetamide in rats. In acute fatty liver animal model induced by ethanol, triglyceride accumulation was markedly decreased to the normal control level by 25 mg/kg G009 treatment. In addition, G009 significantly reduced serum ALT and AST levels in $CCl_4$-induced acute hepatitis animals. Treatment of G009 to the acute hepatitis rats induced by thioacetamide resulted in a dose dependent reduction of serum ALT level as well as AST level up to the normal control level. These protective effects of G009 were confirmed by histological examinations of the liver. These results suggested that G009 could be effective for the protection from the liver damage induced by ethanol, $CCl_4$and thioacetamide.