• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1587-1593
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• 2009

Duck egg white (DEW) hydrolysates were prepared by five enzymes (papain, trypsin, chymotrypsin, alcalase, and flavourzyme) and their antioxidant activities investigated in this study. DEW hydrolyzed with papain (DEWHP) had the highest peptide content among the five enzymatic treatments. Besides, the peptide content of DEWHP increased when the enzyme to substrate ratio (E/S ratio) increased. It was suggested that higher E/S ratio contributed to elevate the degree of hydrolysis of DEW effectively. Similar results were also obtained by Tricine-SDS-PAGE. In addition, SDS-PAGE patterns indicated papain was the only one amongst all enzymes with the ability to hydrolyze DEW. In antioxidant properties, DEWHP showed more than 70% of inhibitory activity on linoleic acid peroxidation and superoxide anion scavenging. Moreover, the $Fe^{2+}$ chelating effect of DEWHP was greater than 90%, while no significant difference was observed in DPPH radical scavenging and reducing ability. The results of peptide contents, antioxidant activities and electrophoresis suggested that the higher the peptide content, the stronger the antioxidant activities in DEWHP.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2006

The surface and pore structure of cellulose fibers have a significant impact on the properties and performance in applications. Cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose fibers can result in changes to the surface and pore structure thus providing a useful tool for fiber modification. This research characterizes these changes using various test methods such as fiber dimension, water retention value, hard-to-remove water content, freezing and non-freezing bound water content, polymer adsorption, and crystallinity index. For a high-dosage enzyme treatment (0.10 g/g), the fiber length was significantly decreased and the fibers were 'cut' in the cross direction, not in the axial direction. The swelling capacities as measured by the WRV and HR water content increased for the high-dosage treatment. Three independent measurements (non-freezing bound water, polymer adsorption, and crystallinity index) are in good agreement with the statement that the amorphous regions of cellulose fibers are a more readily available substrate relative to crystalline regions. Based on the experimental results obtained herein, a model was proposed to explain surface and pore structure modification of cellulose fibers via enzymatic treatment.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2011

A peroxidase (PD-cP; 0.47 mg/100 g leaves) was purified from autumn leaves of Phytolacca dioica L. and characterized. PD-cP was obtained by acid precipitation followed by gel-filtration and cation exchange chromatography. Amino acid composition and N-terminal sequence of PD-cP up to residue 15 were similar to that of Spinacia oleracea (N-terminal pairwise comparison showing four amino acid differences). PD-cP showed a molecular mass of approx. 36 kDa by SDS-PAGE, pH and temperature optima at 3.0 and $50.0^{\circ}C$, respectively and seasonal variation. The Michaelis-Menten constant ($K_M$) for $H_2O_2$ was 5.27 mM, and the velocity maximum ($V_{max}$) $1.31\;nmol\;min^{-1}$, while the enzyme turnover was $0.148\;s^{-1}$. Finally, the presence of $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ enhanced the PD-cP activity, with $Mg^{2+}$ 1.4-fold more effective than $Ca^{2+}$.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2008

The cotton yarn was subjected to bio-polishing treatment with three commercial enzymes(Cellusoft L, Denimax-991L and Denimax-acid) to remove the fuzz on the cotton yarn. Also, enzyme treated cotton yarns were compared with singeing cotton yarns. Experimental variables of enzyme treated cotton yarn were as follow: concentration of enzyme solution and NaOH, dipping time, and processing temperature. The enzymatic treatments were evaluated by analyzing the effect on yarn count, twist contraction, evenness and tenacity. As the results, enzymatic treatment on cotton yarn induced same effects as the traditional singeing treatment. Also, silket treatment of cotton yarn after bio-polishing enhanced the tensile properties of the cotton yarn.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.537-543
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• 2005

Subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.14) is the major extracellular alkaline serine protease of Bacillus species. Previously, we found that subtilisins did not migrate in the electrophoretic field in the Laemmili buffer system due to their high pI values (over 8.8); however, it formed a 'binding mode' at the top of the separating gel [5]. Utilizing this characteristic, four subtilisins from Bacillus sp. strains (e.g., B. subtilis 168, B. subtilis KCTC 1021, B. amyloliquefaciens KCTC 3002, and Bacillus sp. DJ-1 and DJ-4) were easily and quickly identified by an over-running electrophoretic technique with a miniscale culture supernatant (less than 20 ml) without any column chromatographic steps. Two subtilisins (DJ-l and a recombinant version) from Bacillus sp. DJ-l were characterized, and the enzymatic properties were determined by SDS-fibrin zymography and densitometric analysis. Based on this observation, the recombinant pro-subtilisin DJ-l showed the same 'binding mode,' similar to native subtilisin DJ-l. On the other hand, mature subtilisin DJ -1 without pro-peptide showed no enzymatic activity.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2008

EMC는 치즈와 유사한 효소작용은 거치게 되지만 치즈에 비하여 더 많은 효소작용에 의하여 더욱 강력한 풍미를 생산하게 된다. 이러한 우수한 EMC의 개발을 위하여 적합한 효소를 찾아내는 것은 중요한 과제이다. 심지어 동일한 PGE도 송아지의 것이 어린 염소나 어린 양의 것에 비하여 더 부드러운 맛을 생산할 수 있다. 특히 체다치즈의 풍미를 위하여는 미생물효소보다 동물성 esterase나 peptides가 유리한 것으로 알려지고 있으며, 체다치즈나 스위스치즈의 경우 비단 백태 질소화합물의 양도 EMC가 치즈에 비하여 3배 가까이 많았다. 체다 EMC의 성분 비율에서도 유리지방산에는 butyric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid와 oleic acid가 많았고, 유리 아미노산에는 glutamic acid, valine, leucine과 lysine이 많은 것으로 나타났다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2005

This study was focused on the optimum culture condition in CMCase, FPase and xylanase activities of two fungal strains that secret extracellular enzymes for using enzymatic deinking agent to old newsprint. The results of this study were as follows. When Fusarium pallidoroseum was grown on the medium, containing of rice bran+xylan $2.0\%,\;peptone\;0.6\%,\;KH_2PO_4\;0.075\%\;and\;MnSO_4\;0.06\%\;with\;pH\;9.0,\;at\;29^{\circ}C$ for 6 days, the quantitative degree of extracellular enzyme production was the highest. Optimum culture condition for Aspergillus niger was pH 5.0, $27^{\circ}C$ incubating temperature and 7 days incubation period on liquid medium, containing of CMC+xylan $2.5\%,\;yeast\;extract\;0.4\%,\;K_3PO_4\;0.05\%\;and\;CaCl_2+FeSO_4\;0.08\%$. Aspergillus niger was fairly higher FPase and xylanase activities than Trichoderma reesei ATCC 28217.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.265-272
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• 1991

어류 가공시 부산물로 얻어지는 어피를 보다 효율적으로 이용할 목적으로 말쥐치피로부터 콜라겐을 추출한 후, 이에 소수성 잔기를 증가시키기 위하여 leucine alkyl ester를 도입하여 기능성 개량을 시도하였다. 말쥐치피 콜라겐 및 FSC-Leu-OCn의 콜라겐 함량, 아미노산 조성에 의한 소수성, 분자량, 용해도, 보수력, 분산성, 지방흡수력, 포말성, 유화성 등을 계면활성제인 Tween-60과 비교 검토한 결과, 어피 콜라겐에 leucine alkyl ester를 도입시킨 $FSC-Leu-OC_8$은 기능성 중 유화성 및 유화안정성이 매우 향상되어 유화제로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.320-327
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• 1993

스티렌/아크렬 라텍스 폴리머를 폴리에릴렌이민으 로 표면처 리하여 얻은 PEI-microspheres는 그 표면 화학적 특성이 효소의 고정화에 적합하여 배당체의 합성반응에 서 필요로 하는 alginate-enclosed micro­s spheres biocatalyst를 제조할 수 있었고 라텍스 폴리머 표변에 형성된 폴리에틸렌이민 피막은 효소 부근에 친수성 분위기를 유지하여 높은 효소활성을 나 타내었을 뿐만 아니라, 생성된 배당체가 효소에 접 근하여 가수분해되는 반응을 억제하여 배당체의 수 율과 농도를 크게 증가시 켰으므로 alginate-en closed microspheres에 의한 배당체의 합성반응이 연속생산공정으로 연구개발 될 수 있다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.885-898
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• 2024

Ovomucin (OM), which has insoluble fractions is a viscous glycoprotein, found in egg albumin. Enzymatic hydrolysates of OM have water solubility and bioactive properties. This study investigated that the immunostimulatory effects of OM hydrolysates (OMHs) obtained by using various proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase^®, bromelain, α-chymotrypsin, Neutrase^®, pancreatin, papain, Protamax^®, and trypsin) in RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that OMH prepared with pancreatin (OMPA) produced the highest levels of nitrite oxide in RAW 264.7 cells, through upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were increased with the cytokines mRNA expression. The effect of OMPA on mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway was increased the phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, OMPA could be used as a potential immune-stimulating agent in the functional food industry.