• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2012

The root rot of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) caused by Phytophthora capsici is one of the most important diseases affecting this crop worldwide. This work presents the evaluation of the capacity of Streptomyces griseus H7602 to protect pepper plants against Phytophthora capsici and establishes its role as a biocontrol agent. In this study, we isolated an actinomycete strain H7602 from rhizosphere soil, identified it as Streptomyces griseus by 16S rRNA analysis and demonstrated its antifungal activity against various plant pathogens including P. capsici. H7602 produced lytic emzymes such as chitinase, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase, lipase and protease. In addition, crude extract from H7602 also exhibited destructive activity toward P. capsici hyphae. In the pot trial, results showed the protective effect of H7602 against pepper from P. capsici. Application of H7602 culture suspension reduced 47.35% of root mortality and enhanced growth of pepper plants for 56.37% in fresh root and 17.56% g in fresh shoot as compared to control, resulting in greater protection to pepper plants against P. capsici infestation. Additionally, the enzymatic activities, chitinase and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase, were higher in rhizosphere soil and roots of pepper plants treated with H7602 than other treated plants. Therefore, our results indicated a clear potential of S. griseus H7602 to be used for biocontrol of root rot disease caused by P. capsici in pepper.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.268-275
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• 2006

ALA (5-aminolevulinic acid) has been proposed as a tetrapyrrole-dependent photodynamic herbicide by the action of the protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (Protox IX). A study was conducted to determine photodynamic herbicidal effect of ALA on seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli Beauv. var. oryzicola Ohwi) under dry and wet conditions. ALA effect on early plant growth of rice and barnyardgrass was greatly concentration dependant, suggesting that it promotes plant growth at very low concentration and inhibits at high concentration. No significant difference in herbicidal activity of biologically and synthetically produced ALAs on plant lengths of test plants was observed ALA exhibited significant photodynamic activity regardless of PSDIP and its duration. Significant shoot growth inhibition by ALA soaking treatment exhibited apparently, indicating that ALA absorbed through root system was translocated into shoot part of plants. ALA reduced plant heights of rice and barnyardgrass seedlings by 6% and 27%, respectively, showing more tolerant to ALA in rice under wet condition. Leaf thickness was reduced markedly by ALA with increasing of ALA concentration, due to mainly membrane destruction and severe loss of turgidity in mesophyll cells, although the epidermal was little affected. It was observed that photodynamic herbicidal activity of ALA applied by pre-and post-emergence application exhibited differently on plant species, and that the activity of ALA against susceptible plants was highly correlated with growing condition.

• Mycobiology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.338-342
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• 2016

The culture filtrate of Lentinula edodes shows potent antimicrobial activity against the plant pathogenic bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum. Bioassay-guided fractionation was conducted using Diaion HP-20 column chromatography, and the insoluble active compound was not adsorbed on the resin. Further fractionation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) suggested that the active compounds were organic acids. Nine organic acids were detected in the culture filtrate of L. edodes; oxalic acid was the major component and exhibited antibacterial activity against nine different phytopathogenic bacteria. Quantitative analysis by HPLC revealed that the content of oxalic acid was higher in the water extract from spent mushroom substrate than in liquid culture. This suggests that the water extract of spent L. edodes substrate is an eco-friendly control agent for plant diseases.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1354-1358
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 EU의 6대 유해물질(Pb, Hg, Cd, $C^{+6}$, PBB/PBDE) 규제와 국내 환경부의 환경유해물질 규제법규에 대응할 수 있는 친환경 무독성 난연 도료를 개발하였다. 개발한 도료는 VOC(휘발성유기화합물) 배출이 적어 친환경적이며, 할로겐계를 탈피하여 인체안전성 확보됨과 동시에 검정기술기준(KOFEIS 0201)에 적합한 수용성 유 무기계 복합화합물이다. 유 무기계 난연 복합화합물 제조를 위하여 $Mg(OH)_2$, $Sb_{2}O_{3}$, 붕산아연 등의 난연성 화합물을 사용하였으며 각 화합물의 최적배합 비율은 1: 2: 2였다. 최종적으로 난연 복합화합물을 바인더(마이셀 2%) 및 용제(물)와 1: 0.5: 0.5로 배합하여 난연도료를 제조하여 그 난연 성능을 테스트하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2011

식의약소재로서 석창포의 활용성을 조사하고자 석창포 추출물의 모기에 대한 기피효과를 시험한 결과 모기를 방사한 장소에서 추출물에 노출된 공간으로 이동한 모기 마리수 비율은 추출물을 함유하지 않은 공간으로 이동한 모기 마리수 비율에 대비하여 현저하게 낮았다. 또한, 방사한 공간에 남아 있는 모기 마리수 비율은 석창포 추출물을 함유하지 않은 공간으로 이동한 모기 마리수 비율에 비해 낮았다. 이는 모기가 석창포 추출물을 기피하는 경향에서 비롯된 결과임을 의미하였다. 석창포 추출물의 모기기피 활성성분을 조사하고자 추출물을 GC/MS 분석한 결과 주요 성분은 ${\beta}$-asarone으로 밝혀졌다. 시판중인 asarone을 이용하여 기피실험을 실시한 결과 ${\alpha}$-asarone과 ${\beta}$-asarone 모두 기피활성을 보였으며 ${\beta}$-asarone이 ${\alpha}$-asarone에 비해 기피활성이 높았다. 이러한 결과는 석창포 추출물이 친환경적으로 모기를 제어하기 위한 식의약소재로 활용될 수 있음을 의미하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 불가사리 폐기물을 농업용 소재로서 활용 가능성을 조사하기 위해 불가사리 생체의 유기용매 추출물을 이용하여 복숭아혹진딧물 살충효율 실험을 수행하였다. 불가사리 추출물은 1,000 mg/L 수준에서 약 70% 이상의 살충효율을 보였으며 추출물을 정제하여 TOF-MS 분석한 결과 살충물질로서 polyhydroxysteroid가 동정되었다. Polyhydroxysteroid는 진딧물의 cuticle membrane을 파괴하여 진딧물을 살충하는 기작을 보유하고 있는 것으로 투과전자현미경 분석결과 밝혀졌다. 본 연구를 통해 폐기물 형태로 퇴치되고 있는 불가사리를 활용하면 진딧물 같은 해충방제용 소재로서 개발할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2009

Recently severity of ecological adaptation and climatic change due to global warming grows larger. According to the fourth report of IPCC in 2007, emission quantity of the earth greenhouse gas(GHGs) generated by activity of mankind increased with 80% since 1970. And it is forecasted that worldwide greenhouse gas will be increased with 25~90%(corresponding to $CO_2$) between 2000 and 2030. This increment of greenhouse gas($CO_2$) is expected to raise average temperature of the earth with the maximum $6.4^{\circ}C$, and sea surface with 59cm in 2090. Like this, destruction of environment by greenhouse gas is regarded as universal problem threatening the existence, not only the problem of one nation. Consequently, systematic correspondence to the global warming at the aspect of energy consumption is also needed in Korea. From the analysis result of 'Statistics of Energy Consumption' published by Green Korea in 2007, energy consumption increment of domestic universities was higher as many as 3.7 times than 22.5% of the whole energy consumption increment in our country. This says to be the direct example which shows that universities are huge sources of greenhouse gas emission. New constructing and enlarging buildings of each universities within campus are the most major reason for such a large increment of energy consumption in universities. The opinion that the possibility of causing energy waste and efficiency reduction is raised by increased buildings of universities has been propounded. That is, universities should make concrete goal and the plan for reducing emission of green house gas against climatic change, and should practice. Accordingly, there is the meaning that 2 aspects of environment-friendly design characteristics, that is application of energy utilizing technology, material usage of energy efficiency-side and environment-side, and introduction of natural element in the environmental aspect, were analyzed for facilities of university campus designed in environment-friendly point of view from initial stage of plan, and direction of environment-friendly design of university facilities in the future was groped in order to grasp environment-friendly design tendency of internal and external University facilities based on this analysis of this paper.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.457-461
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• 2005

The survey of user's satisfactory degree of location, plantings, facilities, operation, and management factors on national parks' camp sites was carried out. Many problems were analyzed and identified. This survey was for proposing the correct way to plan and draft for camping site after this. In addition to, the realization of environmental education through nature friendly recreation was aimed at. According to the result of the survey, the followings were suggested as necessities to improve the camp site. 1. Repair and replacement of insufficiently managed facilities should be aimed at. 2. Facilities for a handicapped person should be preferentially introduced. 3. Active management and publicity in low-demand season that practiced by developed countries should be carried out. Seasonal program for various age groups should be operated. 4. Surrounding tourist site, camp site, and trail should be organically connected by shuttle bus and other transports. A survey was carried out for the user satisfaction in the campsites of national parks. Based on this survey concerned with the location, planting, facilities, operation and management, the problems were identified and analysed to improve future design and plan of the campsites. This study aims for the realization of environmental education through nature friendly recreation. The following points are suggested as needed according to the survey result. 1. damaged facilities should be repaired or replaced. 2. introduction of the facilities for disabled should be prioritized. 3. consistent and active management and publicity work should be operated in the off-peak season. and the seasonal activity programs for the various age groups should be provided. 4. the site should be well connected with other surrounding campsites and tourist sites using the shuttle bus and other transport method.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2014

GCM(Green Chain Management) is being spread by that companies which apply with eco-friendly concept in entire SCM(Supply Chain Management) perspective is being increased for resolving some recent environmental problems. There are reasons that numerous companies focus on GCM. At first various governments began to directly manage components and material contents about various noxious substances. Second, environment problem management in the entire logistics process from procurement of product materials to distribution of product became to be important according to introduction of certification system that evaluate the environmental impact throughout life-cycle of products. Purposes of this paper are 1) to analyze the GCM process whose important is more increasing in the recent logistics environment change, 2) to comprehend places and sources that generate environmental elements like energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in elements of logistics function, and 3) to construct integrated GCM system for observing activity of logistics function throughout life-cycle of products.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Plants are attacked by various phytopathogenic fungi. For many years, synthetic fungicides have been used to control plant diseases. Although synthetic fungicides are highly effective, their repeated use has led to problems such as environmental pollution, development of resistance, and residual toxicity. This has prompted intensive research on the development of biopesticides, including botanical fungicides. To date, relatively few botanical fungicides have been registered and commercialized. However, many scientists have reported isolation and characterization of a variety of antifungal plant derivatives. Here, we present a survey of a wide range of reported plant-derived antifungal metabolites.