• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1847-1853
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• 2014

The PAPR of the input signal is increased due to OFDMA signal in a mobile communication system. High efficiency of a power amplifier, which accounts for power consumption, is a very important key technology. Digital Pre-Distortion techniques were used to improve the linearity of the power amplifier. The Asymmetric Doherty scheme was used to improve the efficiency of the power amplifier. In this paper, we propose a new structure of Asymmetric Doherty. Drive power amplifier part is separated as main path and peak path, and phase shifter is employed to improve power combine characteristics of the Doherty Amplifier. Also, envelope tracking technology for drive gate bais in drive peak amplifier is used to improve efficiency.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.364-375
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• 2014

Parametric array transducers are used for long-range and highly directional communication in an underwater environments. The power amplifiers for parametric array transducers should have sufficient linear output characteristic and high efficiency to avoid communication errors, system heating, and fuel problems. But the conventional power amplifier with fixed source voltage is very low efficient due to large power loss by the big difference between the fixed source voltage and the amplifier output voltage. Thus to solve the problems this paper proposes the high efficiency power amplifier for parametric array transducers. The proposed power amplifier ensures high linearity of output characteristic by utilizing the push-pull class B type amplifier and furthermore gets high efficiency by applying the envelope tracking technique that variable source voltage tracks the envelope of the amplified signal. Also the paper suggests the detailed circuit topology and design guideline of class B push-pull type amplifier and variable output voltage AC/DC converter. Its characteristics are verified by the detailed simulation and experimental results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.813-822
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• 2009

We have investigated operation of a 1:2:2 asymmetric 3-stage Doherty PA(Power Amplifier) and implemented using the Freescale's 4 W, 10 W PEP LDMOSFETS at 1 GHz. By employing the three peak efficiency characteristics, compared to the two peak N-way Doherty PA, the asymmetric 3-stage Doherty can overcome the serious efficiency degradation along the backed-off output power region and maximize the average efficiency for the modulation signal. To maximize the efficiency characteristic, the inverse class F PA has been designed as carrier and peaking amplifiers. Furthermore, to extract the proper load modulation operation, the adaptive gate bias control signal has been applied to the two peaking PAs based on the envelope tracking technique. For the 802.16e Mobile WiMAX(World Interoperability for Microwave Access) signal with 8.5 dB PAPR(Peak to Average Power Ratio), the proposed Doherty PA has shown 55.46 % of high efficiency at an average output power of 36.85 dBm while maintaining the -37.23 dB of excellent RCE(Relative Constellation Error) characteristic. This is the first time demonstration of applying the saturated PA and adaptive gate bias control technique to the asymmetric 3-stage Doherty PA for the highly efficient transmitter of the base-station application.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.44-50
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• 2002

Recently, a envelope tracking(ET) amplifier that improves efficiency by changing of the bias according to the RF input level is presented to use for a high power amplifier of cellular radio handset using CDMA. The input and the output impedances of the ET amplifier may be varied by changing of the bias of the amplifier, and it makes the amplifier having low gain, low efficiency, and high input and output VSWR. In order to improve the input and the output mismatch of the amplifier, in this paper, two types of ET amplifier are suggested. In case of an ET amplifier using varactor diode, in experimentation, gain is improved about 7dB and the power consumption of the amplifier is better about 60% than that of the conventional amplifier. In case of a base voltage controlled ET amplifier, the gain and power consumption of the amplifier is improved about 9dB and 40% than those of the conventional amplifier, respectively.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.72-83
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• 2013

The paper proposes a new multilevel variable output voltage AC/DC Converter for power supply of power amplifiers used in underwater acoustic sensors. The proposed multilevel variable output voltage AC/DC Converter is composed of two parts. One as the input section is the high efficiency phase-shifted PWM full bridge DC-DC converter to get multiport power sources. The other as the output section is composed of two flying-capacitor 3-level DC-DC converters and a diode bridge circuit to get fast-response and multilevel variable output voltage for an envelope amplifier. Also the paper suggests the detailed circuit topology and design guideline of multilevel variable output voltage AC/DC converter. It also proposes the power balanced control method between 3-level converters and the voltage balanced algorithm for flying capacitors. Its characteristics should be verified by the detailed simulation results. It is anticipated that the proposed converter will be used very well for power amplifiers used in underwater acoustic sensors.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.29-30
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 수중통신용 Parametric Array Transducer를 구동하기 위한 고효율 전력증폭기를 제안한다. 수중전력증폭기는 증폭부와 전원부로 나뉘며 증폭부는 Class B push-pull type의 전력증폭기를 사용하며 전력증폭기 구동을 위한 전원부는 기존의 일정전압이 아닌 가변전압을 얻는 Phase-shifted PWM AC/DC 컨버터를 사용하여 고효율로 동작한다. 증폭부는 Class B push-pull type 증폭기를 사용함으로써 뛰어난 선형성이 보장되며 전원 또한 ET(Envelope Tracking)기술을 적용한 가변전압 AC/DC컨버터를 사용하여 고효율로 동작한다. 본 논문에서는 고 효율 수중전력증폭기와 가변전압 AC/DC컨버터의 전력회로를 제시하고 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 특성을 확인하였으며, 수중음향센서를 위한 전력증폭기로 유용하게 사용 될 것을 예상한다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.181-182
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• 2011

수중에서는 대기와는 달리 매질의 차이로 인하여 통신의 제약이 따르므로 초음파를 이용하여 정보를 송 수신한다. 수중통신을 하기 위해서는 신호를 증폭시키는 전력증폭기와 초음파를 발생시키는 트랜스듀서가 필요하다. 전력증폭기는 수중에서의 발열과 연료문제로 인하여 높은 효율로 동작하여야한다. 하지만 전력증폭기에 인가되는 고정전압과 출력전압의 차이로 인해 손실이 발생하여 효율이 저하된다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 전력증폭기의 효율 향상을 위해 출력전압에 따라 인가전압을 가변하는 ET(Envelope Tracking) 기술을 적용하기 위한 4[kW]급, 20[kHz]의 대역폭을 갖는 가변 DC-DC 컨버터를 설계하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 특성을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.232-233
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• 2011

수중에서는 대기와는 달리 매질의 차이로 인하여 통신의 제약이 따르므로 초음파를 이용하여 정보를 송 수신한다. 수중통신을 하기 위해서는 초음파를 발생시키는 트랜스듀서와 신호를 증폭시키는 전력증폭기가 필요하다. 전력증폭기는 선형적인 출력이 보장되어야 하며, 수중에서의 연료문제로 인하여 높은 효율로 동작하여야한다. 하지만 출력의 선형성과 시스템의 효율은 Trade off의 관계이기 때문에 두 가지 모두를 만족시키는 연구가 요구된다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 Class B push-pull 증폭기를 사용하여 선형 출력 특성을 보장하며, 신호의 크기에 따라 증폭기의 인가전압을 가변하는 ET(Envelope Tracking) 기술을 적용하여 향상된 효율 특성을 갖는 넓은 대역폭의 전력증폭기를 설계하고 실험을 통해 특성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.558-563
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• 2008

Optical axis misalignment, which represents the position deviation of the objective lens from the optical axis, is an inevitable assembly error in an optical pick-up. Since the laser power intensity varies with respect to the distance from the optical axis, the misalignment leads to variation of the laser spot power intensity, which is one of the critical factors increasing data bit-error-rate in optical disc drives. In this paper, an auto-adjustment scheme for optical axis alignment is proposed to eliminate the undesirable variation of the laser spot power intensity in optical disc drives. An envelope of the data RF signal is extracted and utilized to detect the optical axis misalignment. Then an adjustment input is added to the driving input of the tracking actuator to shift the objective lens to the optical axis. Finally, the feasibility is verified by experiments.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.584-587
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• 2006

An energy generating greenhouse based on fluoropolymer envelope and fresnel lens is proposed. The outstanding properties of the fluoropolymer films make them very suitable for large scale solar applications. Extremely high optical transmission over the whole solar spectrum, combined with mechanical strength, and durability allows us to design a highly optimized greenhouses for both plant growing and energy generation. Systems such as photovoltaic triple junction cells are especially attractive since they have up to 35% efficiency with much less cell material when the sun beam is focused with concentrators such as fresnel lenses. Cooling such devices will enhance the efficiency and provide useful thermal energy that could be further utilized for various applications depending on the local demands. This article introduces the basic ideas and principles of the energy generating greenhouses as a first step towards the actual deployment of such systems under Korean environment.