• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.271-277
• /
• 1997

Because omeprazole(OMP) is very unstable in aqueous condition, $OMP-{\beta}-CD$, the inclusion complex of OMP and ${\beta}-cyclodextrin({\beta}-CD)$ was made and physicochemical properties of it were compared with those of OMP. Skin permeability of OMP and $OMP-{\beta}-CD$ in propylene glycol vehicle and the reciprocal action of ${\beta}-CD$ with various enhancers were examined through hairless mouse. Adhesive patches were prepared with polyisobutylene and the skin permeability and stability of OMP were investigated. The inclusion complex showed higher solubility and lower partition coefficient than OMP itself. DMSO, 1-methyl 2-pyrrolidone and sodium cholate had an enhancing effect. However ethanol and polysorbate 80 hardly showed the enhancing effect of OMP. When sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium cholate as enhancer were added in patch, the former case showed higher permeability of OMP.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.177-190
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a group counseling program with phototherapy for enhancing the self-perception and self-esteem of female adolescents. Methods: The participants of this study were 40 female middle school students with 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. We conducted an 8-week program with a 4-week follow-up session for the participants. Collected data were analyzed with t-tests, ANCOVA, and ANOVA with PASW Statistics 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results: The findings showed that the self-perception and self-esteem of the experimental group increased after the program whereas the control group showed no difference. In addition, the phototherapy group counseling program showed that the treatment effect was maintained even after 4 weeks. Conclusion: The group phototherapy program helped the female middle school students' to build a more positive self-concept, with respect to both self-perception and self-esteem.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.56-78
• /
• 2009

Currently, climate change is regarded as one of the most important environmental issues in the 21st century. However, climate change education is not seriously carried out in schools. This study is concerned about enhancing students' recognition about climate change and actions responding to climate change through an history discipline. More specifically, this study tried to identify the effect of history lessons on environmental education, especially focused on climate change, by performing an experiment. The experiment was designed based on Solomon four-group design and carried out in one high school in Gwangmyeong city. Findings of the experiment are as follows. First, students who had taken the reorganized history lesson based on climate change - that is, students with experimental treatments - gained higher understanding of climate change than before and students of control groups. Second, students with experimental treatments gained higher understanding about relationship between history and climate change. Third, students with experimental treatments showed higher possibility of taking responding actions to climate change. In conclusion, history lessons reorganized with environmental issues, for instance climate change, have big potential for environmental education since they contribute to enhancing environmental recognition and prompting responding actions through exploration the effects of existing historical facts. Interdisciplinary approach like that taken in this study will provide students with more comprehensive and extended prism for the environment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.467-473
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the memory enhancing effect and underlying molecular mechanism of arabinoxylan (AX), a major component of dietary fiber in wheat against scopolamine (SCO)-induced amnesia in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Diverse behavior tests including Y-maze, Morris water maze, and passive avoidance tests were performed to measure cognitive functions. SCO significantly decreased the spontaneous alterations in Y-maze test and step-through latency in passive avoidance test, whereas increased time spent to find the hidden platform in Morris water maze test compared with the sham control group. In contrast, oral administration of AX (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) effectively reversed the SCO-induced cognitive impairments in SD rats. Furthermore, AX treatment up-regulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the cortex and hippocampus via promoting activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Therefore, our findings suggest that AX can improve SCO-induced learning and memory impairment possibly through activation of CREB and up-regulation of BDNF levels, thereby exhibiting a cognition-enhancing potential.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 병원간호사의 고객지향성에 영향을 미치는 간호조직문화, 직무만족과 조직몰입 간의 인과관계를 알아보고자 시도되었다. 연구대상자는 병원에 근무하는 간호사 261명으로, 자료분석은 SPSS와 AMOS programs이용하여 경로분석하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 직무만족과 조직몰입은 고객지향성에 직접 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 간호조직문화와 직무만족은 조직몰입에 영향을 주어 고객지향성에 간접영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 병원간호사의 고객지향성을 제고하기 위해서는 간호조직문화를 구축하는 것뿐만 아니라 구성원들의 직무만족과 조직몰입을 높이도록 병행하는 것이 더욱 효과적이라는 것을 시사해 준 것이다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권8호
• /
• pp.509-518
• /
• 2020

This study investigates, first, whether the extent of corporate social and environmental responsibility disclosure (CSERD) differs between 2010 and 2014; second, whether government regulation affects the extent of CSERD; and, third, whether the CSERD is valued by investors. Content analysis method was used to extract 466 companies' annual reports to measure the extent of social and environmental responsibility disclosure based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) checklist. Independent sample t-test and multivariate regression analysis were also conducted to test the differences of the extent of CSERD as well as determinants and consequence of CSERD. Our results show that the extent of CSERD in 2014 is 21.60 percent higher than in 2010 (13.39 percent). Government regulation has a significant effect on the extent of CSERD. This study also finds that market values positively CSER information disclosed by company. Given that government regulation has a positive impact, however, the findings of this study suggests that the extent of CSERD is still low. To enhance CSERD, government should continuously encourage companies to abide by the regulations as mandated. This study provides a more comprehensive insights of CSRED practices from an emerging country and the effect of government regulation in enhancing CSERD.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.282-286
• /
• 1998

To determine the immune effect of kimchi extracts in mice, 0.5mg/day of the extracts from kimchis, which were prepared with conventionally (general kimchi)and organically(organic kimchi) cultivated ingredients, were treated orally to male BALB/c mice. Following 1, 3 and 5 weeks of treatment , the Interleukin-2(IL-2) production in the presence (con-A-stimulated )or the absence(spontaneous)of con A 95 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) and the natural killer cell (NK) activity of the splenocytes were measured. The IL-2 production in most of treatments with methanol extract from general kimchi were significantly higher than those of control(p<0.05).And at the 3 weeks of treatment, the spontaneous or con A-stimulated IL-2 productions from splenocytes of mice treated with it increased more than those of control group, by 2.8 and 2.2 times, respectively. However, the longer the treatment with methanol extracts from organic kimchi showed the higher the enhancing effect on the IL-2 production. The spontaneous or con A-stimulatdIL-2 productions form splenocytes of mice treated with dicholoromethyane fraction from general kimchi also increased at 5 weeks of treatment compared to those of control group, by 2.7 and 2.5 times, respectively. The natural killer cell activity of splenocytes from mice treated with methano lextracts from general kimchi for 1 ~5 weeks significantly higher than that of control goup (p<0.01). The effect of methano extracts from general kimchi was the highest at 3 weeks of treatment, as same as in the IL-2 production. The enhancing effect of methano extracts from organic kimchi on the NK cell activity was the highest at 5 weeks of treatment . The NK cell activity of splenocytes from mice treated with dichloromethane fraction from general kimchi for 5 weeks was significantly higher than those in control and 3 weeks of treatment. These results showed that the effects of kimchi extracts on the IL-2 production and the NK cell activity in mice were profound in long term of treatment (3 and 5 weeks than 1 week) . We suggest that kimchi extracts might have an immune effect in part due to its enhancing action on the IL-2 production and the NK cell activity.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제63권9호
• /
• pp.1306-1311
• /
• 2014

In this paper, effect of recharging power by using ESS(Energy Storage System) was investigated when ESS was applied to the train. The recharging power was analyzed and measured. Also, by applying ALVT algorithm, effective recharging and discharging were studied. By using this process, recharging and discharging of the super capacitor were improved which led to enhancing the use of recharging power from the urban Railway vehicles.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.788-794
• /
• 2015

Cationic liposomes have been actively used as gene delivery vehicles despite their unsatisfactory efficiencies because of their relatively low toxicity. In this study, we designed novel heterodimeric peptides as nonviral gene delivery systems from TAT and NLS peptides using cysteine-to-cysteine disulfide bonds between the two. Mixing these heterodimeric peptides with DNA before mixing with lipofectamine resulted in higher transfection efficiencies in MCF-7 breast cancer cells than mixing unmodified TAT, NLS, and a simple mixture of TAT and NLS with DNA, but did not show an adverse effect on cell viability. In gel retardation assays, the DNA binding affinities of heterodimeric peptides were stronger than NLS but weaker than TAT. However, this enhancement was only observed when heterodimeric peptides were premixed with DNA before being mixed with lipofectamine. The described novel transfection-enhancing peptide system produced by the heterodimerization of TAT and NLS peptides followed by simple mixing with DNA, increased the gene transfer efficiency of cationic lipids without enhancing cytotoxicity.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.329-334
• /
• 2011

We proposed a poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor for enhancing temperature sensitivity. By embedding the bare FBG in a temperature-sensitive elastomeric polymer, the temperature sensitivity of the proposed structure could be effectively improved by 4.2 times higher than those of the conventional bare-type FBG sensors due to the high thermal expansion coefficient of the PDMS. We analyzed the temperature-sensitivity enhancement effect with the increased Bragg wavelength shift in our structure and dependence on the temperature sensitivity with respect to the cross-section area of the PDMS.