• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2020

The leaves of Staphylea bumalda (S. bumalda) as a deciduous tree distributed in Korea, China and Japan are used to treat respiratory diseases or inflammation. However, there is no scientific research on the immune-enhancing activity of S. bumalda leaves. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effect of water extracts from S. bumalda leaves (SBL) on the macrophage activity using mouse macrophage cells, RAW264.7. SBL increased production of immunomodulators such as NO, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 in RAW264.7 cells and activated phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of TLR2 and TLR4 blocked SBL-mediated production of immunomodulators in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, SBL-mediated production of immunomodulators was attenuated by JNK inhibition in RAW264.7 cells. SBL increased JNK phosphorylation, while Inhibition of TLR2 and TLR4 blocked SBL-mediated JNK phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells. These results are thought to be evidence that SBL activates JNK through stimulation of TLR2 and TLR4 in macrophage to induce the production of immunomodulators. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, SBL inhibited over-production of immunomodulators. Summarizing the results, SBL showed immunostimulatory activity under normal conditions and immunosuppressive activity under LPS-induced excessive immune response conditions.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.408-418
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• 2023

In this study, we synthesized and characterized garnet-type Li_7-xAl_xLa₃Zr_2-(5/4)yNbyO₁₂ (LALZN) solid electrolytes for all-solid-state battery applications. Our novel approach focused on enhancing ionic conductivity, which is crucial for battery efficiency. A systematic examination found that co-doping with Al and Nb significantly improved this conductivity. Al³⁺ and Nb⁵⁺ ions were incorporated at Li⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ sites, respectively. This doping resulted in LALZN electrolytes with optimized properties, most notably enhanced ionic conductivity. An optimized mixture with 0.25 mol each of Al and Nb dopants achieved a peak conductivity of 1.32 × 10^-4 S cm^-1. We fabricated symmetric cells using these electrolytes and observed excellent charge-discharge profiles and remarkable cycling longevity, demonstrating the potential for long-term application in battery systems. The garnet-type LALZN solid electrolytes, with their high ionic conductivity and stability, show great potential for enhancing the performance of all-solid-state batteries. This study not only advances the understanding of effective doping strategies but also underscores the practical applicability of the LALZN system in modern energy storage solutions.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.125-132
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• 2016

Conventionally, humor has been regarded as an indicator of mental health, but several researchers has proposed that the effects of humor in mental health may be different depending on humor styles. Therefore, further studies about humor style and the effect of humor are worthwhile. In the present study, we shall pay attention to buffering effect of humor on a decline in mental health. we attempted to identify weather the buffering effect of humor is different depending on humor styles in psychiatric patients. For this purpose correlation analysis on humor style, depression, anxiety and life satisfaction were carried out, and hierarchical regression analysis were applied to analyse moderating effect of humor style. Consequently, self-enhancing humor has a significant moderating effect on both depression and anxiety. Whereas, affiliative humor has a significant interactive effect with only depression. The conclusion which can be drawn from this study is that positive humor can work as a protective factor on a decline in mental health, and using self-enhancing humor is effective to increase life satisfaction. It might have a convergent meaning on adaptation that psychiatric patients could have a good adaptation(by using positive humor) in real world.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the mediating effect of the resilience on the relationship between type D personality and compliance of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients. Methods: The subjects were 236 CAD patients who visited the cardiology outpatient clinics of D University Medical Center in B City in Korea. The type D personality, resilience, and compliance of subjects were measured using structured questionnaires from July to August, 2014. The mediating effect was analyzed by a multiple hierarchical regression. Results: The subjects with type D personality accounted for 30.9% of all study subjects. The resilience and compliance of type D subjects were significantly lower than those of non type D subjects. There was a significant correlation between resilience and compliance. The direct effect of type D personality on compliance was not significant (${\beta}=-.07$, p=.243), while the indirect effect of type D personality on compliance via resilience was significant (${\beta}=.23$, p<.001). Conclusion: On the basis of above results, it can be concluded that the resilience had completely mediating effect on the relation between type D personality and compliance of CAD patients. Further studies need to be done to develop the intervention enhancing resilience of CAD patients with Type D personality.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.244-249
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• 2005

To investigate the effect of Holstein colostrum peptide fraction on proliferation of immune cell, polypeptide fractions were separated from acid whey into 3 fractions depending on molecular weight by ultrafiltration: Fraction I, which contains the polypeptide larger than 10,000 Da, Fraction n, which contains the polypeptide ranging from 1,000 Da to 10,000 Da and Fraction III, which contains the polypeptide smaller than 1,000 Da. EL-4 cell (murine T lymphoma cell) was used to evaluate immune enhancing effect of each fraction from Holstein colostrum. Fraction n showed the highest proliferative effect of the colostrum whey fractions on EL-4 cell at 1mg/mL compared with whole whey and other fractions and this proliferative activity was shown in dose dependent manner. Fraction n showed the highest proliferative effect on PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) stimulated EL-4 cell. Heated Fraction n showed similar effect to native one on proliferation of both EL-4 cell and PMA stimulated EL-4 cell.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.145-148
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• 1985

The effect of anionic polyelectrolytes, poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly(vinylsulfonate) (PVS), on the charge transfer complexing between indole derivatives and methyl viologen($MV^{++}$) cation was investigated. The results were compared with effect of NaCl and an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). Both PSS and PVS enhanced the complex formation of neutral species (indole and indole acetate at low pH), zwitter ionic tryptophan, and positively charged tryptamine and tryptophan at low pH with $MV^{++}$. This result was attributed to the contribution of hydrophobic interaction, in addition to electrostatic interaction. The enhancing effect of PSS was much higher than that of PVS reflecting the higher hydrophobicity of PSS. The interaction between indole acetate anion and $MV^{++}$ was greatly reduced by addition of PVS and PSS. The higher charge density of PVS was appeared as greater reducing effect indicating the importance of electrostatic force in this case. In all cases, the effect of polyelectrolytes showed maxima, and further addition of PVS and PSS decreased the effect. This behavior was explained in terms of distribution of indole derivatives and $MV^{++}$ in domain of polyanions. The complex formation constants and molar absorptivities of complexes were determined, and the values were compared with those in water and SDS solutions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.41-46
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• 2021

This study, centered on mobile phone purchasers, verifies the effect of AR technology's convenience in consumer mobile shopping on consumers' intentions by focusing on the regulation effect of purchase satisfaction. According to the results of the hypothesis of SPSS, convenience has a positive (+) effect on both purchase intent and purchase satisfaction, and purchasing satisfaction plays a partial regulatory role between convenience and purchase intention. The results of this study are expected to provide users with various information using AR technology quickly and accurately in mobile shopping, thereby enhancing consumers' trust, providing pleasure, causing users to purchase intention, and realizing the untapped marketing effect more specifically.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1079-1089
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• 2021

The current study aims to examine the effect of Hofstede's dimensions of culture on the intention of sharing knowledge in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Jordan. In the literature, researchers have given limited attention to such an effect. Therefore, by adopting Hofstede's framework, the current study attempts to investigate how Jordan's cultural context impacts on the intentions to share knowledge in HEIs. This study applied quantitative research methods to investigate the effect of Hofstede's cultural dimensions on knowledge-sharing intentions. In total, 307 questionnaires were collected from employees in Jordanian universities and, then, tested using descriptive and regression analytical methods. The study results show that culture dimensions influence knowledge-sharing intention and that each dimension plays a different role in enhancing this knowledge-sharing intention. More specifically, it was found that long-term orientation, collectivism and high uncertainty avoidance had a positive effect on knowledge-sharing intention, while cultural masculinity and power distance had no negative effect. Based on these results, the study makes several recommendations, the most important of which is the promotion of cultural values that encourage intention to share knowledge. Also, more qualitative research is needed to explore in depth the effective means that encourage intentions to share different types of knowledge.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.71-86
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• 2022

In Taiwan, an efficient approach for enhancing the stability of colluvium slopes is the drilled shaft method. For slopes with drilled shafts, the soil arching effect is one of the primary factors influencing slope stability and intertwines to the failure mechanism of the pile-soil system. In this study, the contribution of soil arching effect to slope stability is evaluated using the FEM software (Plaxis 3D) with the built-in strength reduction technique. The result indicates the depth of the failure surface is influenced by the S/D ratio (the distance to the diameter of piles), which can reflect the contribution of the soil arching effect to soil stability. When α (rock inclination angles)=β (slope angles) is considered and the S/D ratio=4, the failure surface of the slope is not significantly influenced by the piles. Overall, the soil arching effect is more significant on α=β, especially for the steep slopes. Additionally, the soil arching effect has been included in the proposed stability charts. The proposed charts were validated through two case studies, including that of the well-known Woo-Wan-Chai field in Taiwan. The differences in safety factor (FoS) values between the referenced literature and this study was approximately 4.9%.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2017

The present study investigated the effect of the rib arrangement and a guide vane for enhancing internal cooling of the blade. Two types of rib arrangements were used in the first and second passage in parallel. Aspect ratio of the channel was 5 and a fixed Reynolds number based on hydraulic diameter was 10,000. The attack angle of rib was $60^{\circ}$, rib pitch-to-height ratio (p/e) was 10, and the rib height-to-hydraulic-diameter ratio ($e/D_h$) was 0.075. The effect of an interaction between Dean vortices and the secondary vortices from the first passage was observed. Overall, the attack angle of rib in the first passage was dominant factor to heat transfer and flow patterns in turning region. Also, the channel with a guide vane showed enhanced heat transfer at the tip surface with reducing flow separation and recirculation.