• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.119-121
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• 2002

인류는 1,500 만 종류에 달하는 화학물질을 합성 혹은 분리ㆍ동정 해왔다. 그리고 현재 약 10 만 종류 정도의 화학물질이 상업적으로 이용되고 있다. 이들 화학물질 중에 유기염소화합물, 공업용화합물, 농약류, 유기취소(bromine)화합물, 중금속 및 유기금속, 식물 및 합성에스트로겐 등을 포함한 수십 종의 화합물이 내분비계장애물질 (Endocrine Disruptors, EDs)로서 생각, 혹은 의심되고 있다. 그러나, 대부분의 다른 화합물에 대해서는 그것들이 내분비계장애 작용을 가지고 있는지에 대한 충분한 지견이 얻어지지 않고 있어 이들 화학물질의 내분비계장애 작용을 평가하기 위해서는 신속 또는 간편한 검출계의 확립은 매우 중요하다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2015

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) including endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care product chemicals (PPCPs) have recently received more attention because of their occurrence in water bodies and harmful impacts on human health and aquatic organisms. Triclosan is widely used as a synthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent due to its antimicrobial efficacy. However, triclosan detected in aquatic environment has been recently considered as one of CECs, because of the potential for endocrine disruption, the formation of toxic by-products and the development of cross-resistance to antibiotics in aquatic environment. This comprehensive review focuses on the regulations, toxicology, fate and transport, occurrence and removal efficiency of triclosan. Overall, this review aims to provide better understanding of triclosan and insight into application of biological treatment process as an efficient method for triclosan removal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.181-181
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• 2001

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), a soil fumigant against nematodes, is a genotoxic carcinogen and also is classified by World Wildlife Fund as endocrine disruptors. DBCP has been extensively studied on genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and damage in male reproductive-related organs. However, information on precise mechanism of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis of DBCP is yet unknown. Thus the mutation spectrum and mechanism of DBCP was determined in lacI transgenic Big Blu $e^{R}$ Rat2 fibroblast cell lines.(omitted)d)

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 1995

Using immunohistochemical technique, three endocrine cell types were observed in the GIT of the Korean salamander, Hynobius leechii. BPP-immunoreactive cells were distributed from the pyloric region to the small intestine. A moderated number of somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the pyloric region. 5-HT-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated throughout the GIT, reaching a peak in the pyloric region. The presence of BPP- and 5-HT-immunoreactive cells are identified for the first time in Hynobius leechii.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.187-195
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• 2014

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are ubiquitous in the air, are present as volatile and particulate pollutants that result from incomplete combustion. Most PAHs have toxic, mutagenic, and/or carcinogenic properties. Among PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) are suspected endocrine disruptors. The testis is an important target for PAHs, yet effects on steroidogenesis in Leydig cells are yet to be ascertained. Particularly, disruption of testosterone production by these chemicals can result in serious defects in male reproduction. Exposure to B[a]P reduced serum and intratesticular fluid testosterone levels in rats. Of note, the testosterone level reductions were accompanied by decreased steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and $3{\beta}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isomerase ($3{\beta}$-HSD) expression in Leydig cells. B[a]P exposure can decrease epididymal sperm quality, possibly by disturbing the testosterone level. StAR may be a key steroidogenic protein that is targeted by B[a]P or other PAHs.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.3 s.59
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• pp.269-274
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• 2005

The 2D/E gel analysis for polypeptide expression reflecting I-18 C gene (early-ecdysterone inducible gene) has conducted the emerged C. riparius adults from larval phase exposure to tebufenozide acting as an ecdysteroidal molting hormone. Control group, the amount of ORE II of the I-18 C gene was larger than that of ORE I of this gene. After treatments, ORE I of the I-18 C gene was overexpressed as the polypeptide, whereas ORF II of this gene was expressed as the polypeptide and was clearly reduced expression. Accordingly, we consider that tebufenozide exhibited endocrine disruptions related processing of ecdysteroid receptor protein reflecting ORF II of I-18 C gene. Also, earlier emergence day was related overexpressed polypeptide reflecting ORE I of I-18 C gene. In this study result, tebufenozide induced changing of physiological condition, and then polypeptide expression reflecting early-ecdysterone inducible I-18 C gene was different between control group and exposure group.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 2011

In this study we present a mammalian cell culture model that allows to study the effect of endocrine disruptors (EDCs) on aromatase activity of aquatic amphibian, Bombina orientalis. Bombina orientalis aromatase gene was subcloned into a mammalian expression vector and subsequently transfected to mammalian cells. Although the protein expression level of Bombina orientalis aromatase was low, it had a significant aromatase activity. When EDCs were added to aromatase transfected cells, aromatase activity was significantly decreased. We report here that this system may be used to monitor the effect of EDCs on aromatase activity of aquatic organisms.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

The relative frequency and distribution of occurrence of immunoreactive cells in the proventriculus, diverticulum, cardia, fundus and pylorus of the stomach of pigs were investigated by PAP method using specific antisera against BCG, Gas/CCK, 5-HT, somatostatin, glucagon, BPP, motilin and insulin. In the diverticulum and cardia, BCG-, 5-HT-, somatostatin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected. In the fundus, BCG-, 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were also found. In the pylorus, BCG-, Gas/CCK-, 5-HT-, somatostatin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were observed. However, no BPP-, motilin- and insulin-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach epithelium of the pigs. These results showed that the occurrence of the endocrine cells confirmed in the diverticulum as the cardia and suggest that the function of diverticulum may be similar to that of cardia in the pigs.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

A common used endpoint in bioassays testing the estrogenicity of chemicals including endocrine disruptors is the induction of egg yolk Precursor vitellogenin in male fish. Two marine fishes (Sebastes schlegeli and Paralichthys olivaceus) were exposed to the 17$\beta$-estradiol(E2) to determine the vitellogenin production. Vitellogenin was measured in fish blood using SDS-PAGE and Densimetry. Results showed that exposure to E2 caused vitellogenin in male fish. Especially, vitellogenin levels in young fish were about 4 times higher than in adult fish, which means young fish are more sensitive to E2 exposure. And plasma vitellogenin in fish increased related to E2 concentration and exposure duration.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

Obesity is a metabolic disease associated with multiple hormonal abnormalities. Therefore, obesity management aims at balancing these endocrine malfunctions nowadays. Although many studies proved interactions of hormones related with obesity, there are still lots of controversies. Most of these malfunctions are more pronounced in central, visceral obesity than in peripheral obesity. Recently, it is revealed that a central lesion of endocrine malfunction in human visceral obesity is probably related with a hypersensitivity of hypothalamopituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis. Probably associated with this axis, Insulin and cortisol promote lipid accumulation by expressing lipoprotein lipase activity, while sex hormones and growth hormone exert the opposite effects. Also reviewed was thyroid hormone which is closely related with thermogenesis. Serotonin is prescribed as antidepressant and it is applied to some eating disorders. Recently, leptin made in fat deposit also took attentions in terms of regulator of appetite and messenger of sex signal.