• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.600-607
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• 2018

This study is designed to examine the effects of transformational and transactional leadership on organizational commitment. A survey questionnaire is used to gather the data while judgement sampling was utilized to choose the respondents. The results from the study indicate that transformational leadership is found to positively affect emotional and normative commitment respectively. Using multiple regression, it is also found continuance commitment is not related to transformational and transactional leadership. The study partially supports the model that perceived leadership affects organizational commitment. It is proposed that transactional leadership appears to be a more useful predictor of organizational commitment. Given the findings of this study, firms are provided with insights into how transformational and transactional leadership may contribute to managing workers' organizational commitment.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.19-31
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to examine the levels of maternal stress, social supports and child-rearing attitudes of the mothers of handicapped children by comparing those mothers of normal children. The subjects were 100 mothers of mentally handicapped children from elementary schools for handicapped children as well as 100 mothers of normal children from elementary schools in Pusan. The results are as follows : 1) The mothers of handicapped children showed significantly higher in maternal stress than the mothers of normal children. 2) For social support, the mothers of handicapped children recognized that they received significantly more insociable and emotional support than the mothers of normal children, but not in economic and service support. 3) For child-rearing attitudes, the mothers of handicapped children shelved significantly lower in lax attitude but not significantly different in affective, strict. punitive attitude than those of normal children. 4) For the mothers of handicapped children, they tend to be more affective and lax in child-rearing attitude when they receive more social support, while they tend to be more punitive when they have less sociable support.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.213-224
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• 2006

Purpose: This study examined Korean nurses' job attitude (i.e., satisfaction and burnout) regarding the extent to which organization's emotion display rule influences on job attitudes through emotion-related variables (i.e., negative emotion suppress behavior and inauthenticity), thereby examining mediation effects of negative emotion suppress behavior and inauthenticity. Method: Using a survey to nurses working in various general hospitals in Korea, structural equation modeling was adopted. Result: Emotion display rule affected outcome variables but these effects were mostly observed via the two mediators, negative emotion suppress and inauthenticity, which largely supports the research model. Conclusion: Individuals who perceived stronger emotional display rule suppressed more their negative emotion, and also perceived more inauthenticity. In turn, negative emotion suppress behavior only affected job burnout positively. Inauthenticity showed a negative effect on job satisfaction while it had a positive effect on burnout. The study provided directions for future research and practical implications to help nurses' effective job performance.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.128-134
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• 2014

With the development of Information Communication Technology and a way of solving problems such as productivity improvement, advanced working attitude, greenhouse gas reduction, low birth rate, aged problem, etc., the need of smart work is increasing. Getting out of legacy working types that are limited in time and space, the flexible seat system at a smart work center that supports the smart working environment is proposed. However, the seat choice based on employee's emotional judgement may cause the decline of forming cooperative space and mutual communication because of the scattered seat arrangement between employees. This paper proposed a seat recommendation method for the mutual cooperation at a smart work center. The method is based on a work similarity of employees. A prototype system also implemented to show the feasibility.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of those who take care of the elderly at a long-term care facility during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Colaizzi's phenomenological research method was applied to describe the meaning and nature of the experiences of eight workers in an elderly care facility during the COVID-19 crisis. Results: Studies have shown that these workers experienced 'fear from infectious disease' and had the opportunity to 'reflect upon life changed by infectious disease.' They also worked together to overcome the crisis by 'protect nursing home with the nurses at COVID-19 sites' and felt 'safety from the nursing home,' and experienced 'a strong sense of calling for the job' through the crisis. Conclusion: This study is the first of its kind conducted in Korea on workers in an elderly care facility. The results indicate that it is necessary to supports these workers with practical useful education, counseling, and emotional support during the epidemic.

• Journal of Semiconductor Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2021

Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) are actively used for action control so that an autonomous system, such as the robot, can perform human-like behaviors and operations. Unlike recognition tasks, the real-time operation is essential in action control, and it is too slow to use remote learning on a server communicating through a network. New learning techniques, such as reinforcement learning (RL), are needed to determine and select the correct robot behavior locally. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient DNN processor with a LUT-based processing engine and near-zero skipper. A CNN-based facial emotion recognition and an RNN-based emotional dialogue generation model is integrated for natural HRI system and tested with the proposed processor. It supports 1b to 16b variable weight bit precision with and 57.6% and 28.5% lower energy consumption than conventional MAC arithmetic units for 1b and 16b weight precision. Also, the near-zero skipper reduces 36% of MAC operation and consumes 28% lower energy consumption for facial emotion recognition tasks. Implemented in 65nm CMOS process, the proposed processor occupies 1784×1784 um2 areas and dissipates 0.28 mW and 34.4 mW at 1fps and 30fps facial emotion recognition tasks.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.26-42
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to explore frontline nurses' experience of patient-centered care and understand the factors affecting its implementation in hospitals. Methods: Four focus group interviews were conducted with 30 nurses in two university hospitals. The following theoretical framework of patient-centered care was used: 1) Respect for patients' values, preferences, and expressed needs, 2) Care coordination and integration, 3) Information, communication, and education, 4) Physical comfort, 5) Emotional support and alleviation of fear and anxiety, 6) Involvement of family and friends, 7) Care transition and continuity, and 8) System issues. We performed a directed content analysis. Results: The most frequent patient-centered nursing practices of the hospital nurses were "promoting physical comfort" in inpatient settings and "providing information and communicating" in outpatient settings. The factors influencing patient-centered nursing included the health professionals' mindfulness, work overload and staff shortage, and unreasonable social demands and regulations. Conclusion: A more comprehensive patient-centered nursing practice should be implemented by improving "care transition and continuity," "family/caregiver involvement," and "system building." Health professionals' mindfulness is significant, and organizational supports addressing work overload and staff shortage are needed alongside change in social awareness.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

This study applies the job-demands resource (JD-R) model to investigate the interactive effect of job demands and job resources in predicting the development of service employee work engagement and customer-oriented attitude. This paper proposed a theoretical model that suggests that the service employee's work engagement is the consequence of the employee's perceived support from the organization and its customers (customer participation) and leads to a customer-oriented attitude. However, the effect of organizational support is somewhat hindered by job insecurity, demonstrating the inability of an organizationally provided job resource to overcome the job demand of job insecurity. As a type of job demand from customer's perspective, customer crowding is suggested as a negative moderator in the link between customer participation and work engagement. As such, this article proposes how different elements of a service employee's work environment interact to ultimately influence the service employee's customer-oriented attitude. Specifically, the current research focuses on how the negative contextual elements of job insecurity and job crowding (i.e., job demands) interact with the potentially positive elements of organizational support and customer participation (i.e., job resources), as well as with an employee's customer orientation, to ultimately develop a customer-oriented attitude. This study concludes with some propositions for potential causal relationships among key constructs that can be empirically tested in future research, as well as implications of the current study for both managers and researchers.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2024

The emergence of programs like Midjourney, particularly known for its text-to-image capability, has significantly impacted design and creative industries. Midjourney continually updates its database and algorithms to enhance user experience, with a focus on character consistency. This paper's examination of the latest V6 version of Midjourney reveals notable advancements in its characteristics and design principles, especially in the realm of character generation. By comparing V6 with its predecessors, this study underscores the significant strides made in ensuring consistent character portrayal across different plots and timelines.Such improvements in AI-driven character consistency are pivotal for storytelling. They ensure coherent and reliable character representation, which is essential for narrative clarity, emotional resonance, and overall effectiveness. This coherence supports a more immersive and engaging storytelling experience, fostering deeper audience connection and enhancing creative expression.The findings of this study encourage further exploration of Midjourney's capabilities for artistic innovation. By leveraging its advanced character consistency, creators can push the boundaries of storytelling, leading to new and exciting developments in the fusion of technology and art.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2018

When consulting with senior service user or his or her family members, employees of senior welfare facilities face a vertical relationship due to age rather than a horizontal relationship. Despite few cases reported, service users and the families afflict physical and mental pain on the employees through irrational demands, physical abuses, and verbal abuses. In particular, the Korean society has advocated the notion of respecting elders and thus emphasized members of society to provide unconditional support to those of old age. In reality, however, people who work at senior welfare facilities report the difficulty of providing supports to heavy demands in selfish complaints that are often impossible to fulfill. Starting from May 2018, there has been a petition to the Korean Blue House, seeking protective measures for 'Senior welfare facility professions who are exposed to violence'. The study conduct researches on the effect of job stress on the organizational commitment for senior welfare facility employees from suffering emotional labor. Furthermore, it also aims to point the difficulties that the professions face and the solutions that alleviate the conflicts between the rights of services users of senior welfare facilities and its staffs. The study surveyed 178 staffs who work in senior welfare facilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province as its research method. The collected data was analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 to derive the general characteristics of the sample, reliability, feasibility analysis, correlation analysis, and verification of the research hypothesis. The study was able to conclude the following: First, the frequency of emotional expression of senior welfare facility staffs had negative(-) influences on job stress. Second, the incongruity of emotions of senior welfare facility staffs had negative(-) influences on job stress. Third, the incongruity of emotions of senior welfare facility staffs had negative (-) influences on job stress. Fourth, the job stress showed mediating effects between emotional labor factors and organizational commitment