• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.317-321
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• 2022

In response to Incheon tap water accident in 2019, the Ministry of Environment has created the "Comprehensive Measures for Water Safety Management" to improve water operation management, provide systematic technical support, and respond to accidents. Accordingly, K-water is making a smart water supply management system for the entire process of tap water. In order to advance the response to water accidents, it is essential to secure the reliability of real-time water operation data such as flow rate, pressure, and water level, and to develop and apply a warning algorithm in advance using big data analysis techniques. In this paper, various statistical techniques are applied using water supply operation data (flow, pressure, water level, etc) to prepare the foundation for the selection of the optimal operating range and advancement of the monitoring and alarm system. In addition, the arrival time is analyzed through cross-correlation analysis of changes in raw water turbidity between the water intake and water treatment plants. The purpose of this paper is to study the model that predicts the raw water turbidity of a water treatment plant by applying raw water turbidity data considering the time delay according to the flow rate change.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 2015

Due to the global warming and unstable abnormal climate changes, water resources differences between regions and water shortage are occurring. Therefore, the water resources management is becoming more important for the stable securement of future water supply and demand. Researches on Smart Water Grid (SWG), which is considered as a new method, that can stably secure and maintain the water resources, are actively being conducted but it is still in infancy. Thus, this study aimed to design SWG simulator based on GIS in order to provide integrated water information in web environment. The user's requirements were analyzed for system development and important functions such as SWG current situation checking, future prediction, filtration plant situation checking functions were designed and data expression techniques using GIS and HTML5 were applied to enhance the understanding of the users. Also, when the emergency situations occurred, the solving process of the situations are reproduced to check the solution process using scenario reproduction functions. Use-case, class, sequence diagram, which are a design for real system development and defines the system usage contents of users, were written, and the story board was written to check the final development contents. This study designed a SWG simulator in order to support the water maintenance reacting to climate changes. The development of system is expected to help securing information to deal with emergency situations such as water shortage and help the decision maker to make decision through reproduction of scenario. The major functions were designed for the convenience of water resource manager and producer but new contents for consumers must be developed to enable duplex information transmission.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1540-1544
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• 2008

최근 기후변화의 영향일 것으로 추정되는 이상가뭄의 발생빈도가 잦아지는 상황에서 이에 대한 대비책으로서 댐의 비상용량을 비상용수로 공급하는 방안이 조심스럽게 제기되고는 있으나 현재까지 국내에서는 비상용수에 대한 명확한 정의조차 제시되지 않는 등 다소 생소한 개념이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 비상용수 공급의 국내 외 사례와 비상용수 공급편익 산정에 관한 국내 외 연구를 검토하여 댐에 의한 비상용수 공급의 가능성과 가치를 평가하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 비상용수의 수요는 정기적으로 발생하지 않는 특수한 경우이고 용수공급을 대체할 만한 대안이 거의 없는 극한 상황에서 발생한다. 그러므로 생 공용수의 편익산정 방법에 일반적으로 이용되는 대체시설비용법과 같은 편익산정 기법을 적용하는 것은 여의치 않을 것으로 판단된다. 그리하여 본 연구는 비상용량이 사용될 때의 갈수빈도와 갈수피해액의 관계를 설정하고 피해경감액을 추정함으로써 연평균 편익을 산출하는 방안을 검토하는 방안을 제안하고자 한다. 비상용수 공급편익의 합리적인 계량화하기 위해서는 적절한 이수안전도의 설정과 이에 따른 이수기능의 평가가 선행되어야 한다. 그러나 아직까지 갈수규모에 따른 비상용수 공급편익의 산정방법에 대한 명확한 기준이 마련되지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 향후 비상시 댐의 이수기능을 최대한 활용하고 이에 대한 올바른 가치평가를 위해서도 관련분야에 대한 기초연구가 시급히 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.471-471
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• 2021

비상급수시설은 상수도 공급이 중단될 경우에 국민들에게 최소한의 음용수와 생활용수를 안정적으로 공급하기 위한 시설이다. 2018년 기준으로 상수도 보급을 통한 국내 1인 1일 급수량은 평균 348리터로 나타났지만, 국내 민방위 비상급수시설의 급수소요량은 성인 기준 1명당 25리터를 기준으로 하고 있다. 이것은 식수 9리터와 생활용수 16리터를 포함한 값이다. 그러나 왜 식수 기준을 9리터로 했는지, 생활용수 16리터로 쓸 수 있는 물 사용의 범위가 어디까지인지에 대한 구체적인 내용은 명확하지 않은 실태이다. 본 연구는 국내 민방위 비상급수시설의 급수소요량 기준을 검토하기 위한 것으로 UN, WHO, 유럽, 미국 등의 비상급수와 관련되 음용수 및 생활용수 기준을 수집하고 이를 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 국내 민방위 비상급수시설의 급수소요량 기준이 선진국보다 적게 산정되어 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 포로수용소의 지속가능 급수지원 기준량보다도 낮은 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 문헌조사를 토대로 음용수, 요리, 세면, 세탁 등을 포함하여 지속가능한 적정 급수소요량 기준을 최소 50리터 이상으로 제안하였다. 한국의 경제력과 국민들의 복지를 고려할 때, 향후 민방위 비상급수시설의 급수소요량 기준을 현재보다 상향 조정하는 것이 타당함을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.303-303
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• 2022

기후변화로 인해 기상이변 현상의 발생 빈도가 잦아지며 가뭄 방생 빈도 또한 증가하는 추세이다. 이에 따라 가뭄 피해를 경감하는 선제적 가뭄대응체계 구축과 가뭄이 발생한 이후에 피해를 최소화하기 위한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 가뭄피해 여부를 이진분류 방법으로 접근하여 예측 가능성을 검토하였다. 가뭄피해 여부는 비상급수(제한급수,운반급수) 자료를 이용하여 비상급수가 시행된 경우를 가뭄피해 발생으로 보고, 비상급수가 시행되지 않은 경우를 피해 없는 사례로 구분하였다. 기상 상황 변수로는 강수량, 기온, 상대습도 등을 이용하였다. 또한 지역별 연간 총 급수량 대비 저수량을 이용하여 지역별 현 상황을 고려하고자 하였다. 의사결정나무를 이용하여 분석한 결과 불균형 클래스 문제의 정확도에 주로 이용되는 오차행렬의 정확도가 0.95 이상으로 나타났으며, F1-Score는 약 0.5 로 나타났다. 이는 예측 결과 전체를 대상으로 했을 경우 95 %의 확률로 가뭄피해 여부를 구분할 수 있는 것을 나타내며, 가뭄 피해만을 대상으로 했을 경우 50 %의 정확도를 타나낸다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 비상급수를 유발하는 충분한 환경적 변수를 고려하지 않았고, 다양한 딥러닝 모형을 분석하지 않았다. 따라서 비상급수를 유발하는 요인을 충분히 고려하고 딥러닝 기법을 고도화 한다면 모형의 정확도 개선을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2020

This study analyzes the issue of the supply of force of fire in the high-rise buildings, and proposes an efficient method to do so. The results are as follows. First, in terms of Detect fire, it is necessary to shorten force of fire supply time by diversifying fire alarms such as alarms, vibrations, and voices from outside, clarification of fire occurrence points, and marking of fire. Second, with regard to communication signals, strengthening the installation target of wireless communication auxiliary facilities, supplementing the installation of repeaters, and constructing a multicommunications network were proposed. Third, in terms of Decide action, it is necessary to supply firefighter and firefighting equipment with the method of crossing of a river in adjacent buildings. Fourth, in terms of Respond to site, helicopters and emergency elevators are used to assist in the supply of firefighting equipment using drones. Easy-to-break glass windows and identification marks are required in every floor. Finally, in terms of applying fire suppressants, water can be supplied by means of a helicopter adjacent to the structure.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2009

The inundation of substation and ground power equipment breaks out every summer season in low-lying downtown and low-lying shore by localized heavy rain, typhoon and tidal wave. For diminishing flood damage of electrical equipment in the root, flood protection system which is used the basic frame of Pad transformer is developed using pneumatic pressure. This system is established on pressure generator equipment and sensor of flooded level operates at flooding occurrence and is maintained a shutting tightly structure. The system is able to protect indraft water in Pad Transformer and supply the electricity at emergency(flooding). And we tested safety for insulation resistance at flooding and applying an electrical current. We estimate that loss cost which is caused by with flooding and the power failure will be diminished if it is addition to advances the reliability evaluation by setting an example.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1997

This paper presents a new dynamic approach for assessing feasibility associated with the implementation of accident management strategies by the operators. This approach includes the combined use of both the concept of reliability physics and a dynamic event tree generation scheme. The reliability physics is based on the concept of a comparison between two competing variables, i.e., the requirement and the achievement parameter, while the dynamic event tree generation scheme on the continuous generation of the possible event sequences at every branch point up to the desired solution. This approach is applied to a cavity flooding strategy in a reference plant, which is to supply water into the reactor cavity using emergency fire systems in the station blackout sequence. The MAAP code and Latin Hypercube sampling technique are used to determine the uncertainty of the requirement parameter. It has been demonstrated that this combined methodology may contribute to assessing the success likelihood of the operator actions required during accidents and therefore to developing the accident management procedures.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2001

This Paper proposes a new methodology for assessing the reliability of an accident management, which Is based on the reliability physics and the scheme to generate dynamic event tree. The methodology consists of 3 main steps: screening; uncertainty propagation; and probability estimation. Sensitivity analysis is used for screening the variables of significance. Latin Hypercube sampling technique and MAAP code are used for uncertainty propagation, and the dynamic event tree generation method is used for the estimation of non-success probability of implementing an accident management strategy. This approach is applied in assessing the non-success probability of implementing a cavity flooding strategy, which is to supply water into the reactor cavity using emergency fire systems during the sequence of station blackout at the reference plant.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.762-768
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• 2014

Diet exerts a major stress on the body and may affect gene expression and physiological functions. Understanding of cellular responses during starvation is necessary in developing strategies to reduce damage caused by diet. In this study, we isolated 10 genes (Comt, RGN, Scd1, Temt, Idi1, Fabp5, Car3, Cyp2c70, Pinx1, and Poldip3) that are down-regulated in starvation and are closely related to liver metabolism. Water supply during starvation had no effect on the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and ERQC. The genes down-regulated by starvation were associated with many related pathways rather than limited to the liver homeostasis pathway. Water supply during starvation is important. However, maintaining NaCl homeostasis is more important. The results are thought to be closely related to gender-specific metabolism in starvation and NaCl.