• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.544-548
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• 2021

Scientific and technical development, as well as the emergence of new types of contracts, which do not have their expression in current legislation, force us to explore the issues of contract law to adapt to change. In this context, the principle of freedom of contract is fundamental, which states that each person has the right to enter into a contractual relationship at his discretion. However, such freedom is not absolute, because the freedom of one person should not violate the freedom of another. Together with the conflict of private and public interests, these phenomena are a field for the study of topical issues of theory and application of the principle of freedom of contract in practice. Research methods are philosophical, general scientific, and special scientific methods, in particular, system-structural, formal-legal, hermeneutic; methods of analysis, synthesis, etc. As a result of the research, the main characteristics of the principle of freedom of contract, its role for private law regulation of contract law are given; approaches to understanding the restriction of contract freedom are analyzed; typical examples and means of such restrictions are identified; demonstrated how contract freedom is embodied in the use of IT tools, which types of contracts are most common in the digital environment.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.527-539
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• 2019

This study examined the Chinese style in the Vivienne Tam collection as well as explored diversity and modern interpretation of a Chinese style used in modern fashion. The study also investigated the concept and history of the Chinese style as well as analyzed the Chinese style in the collection based on a consideration of a Chinese element that is the basic structure with an understanding of Vivienne Tam and general collection themes. As a result of research, the Chinese style appeared in the Vivienne Tam collection was comprehensive with 43 Chinese elements including Animals, Flower & Grass among the Nature elements, Mythology Religion among the Figure elements, Historical Artifacts, Clothing, Oral Literature, Entertainment, Fine Arts. Technique, Folk holiday among Culture elements and Philosophy among Spirit elements, which accounted for 57.6% of the collection. The formative characteristics that included Chinese elements were extended, abstracted, distorted or transformed; in addition, some abstract elements were embodied into animals, images and certain particular forms to present a theme. In addition to two-dimensional method to print Chinese elements on fabric, they were also expressed as a three-dimensional texture or a silhouette, achieving clear and bold harmony. The aesthetic characteristic is a mixture of Eastern and Western way of thinking. Her costume has a political and historical meaning beyond the imitation of elements that represent the development of a pleasant and interesting design.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

This work started with recent students' conception on Linear Algebra. We were trying to help their understanding of Linear Algebra concepts by adding visualization tools. To accomplish this, we have developed most of needed tools for teaching of Linear Algebra class. Visualizing concepts of Linear Algebra is not only an aid for understanding but also arouses students' interest on the subject for a better comprehension, which further helps the students to play with them for self-discovery. Therefore, visualizing data should be prepared thoroughly rather than just merely understanding on static pictures as a special circumstance when we would study visual object. By doing this, we carefully selected GeoGebra which is suitable for dynamic visualizing and Sage for algebraic computations. We discovered that this combination is proper for visualizing to be embodied and gave a variety of visualizing data for undergraduate mathematics classes. We utilized GeoGebra and Sage for dynamic visualizing and tools used for algebraic calculation as creating a new kind of visual object for university math classes. We visualized important concepts of Linear Algebra as much as we can according to the order of the textbook. We offered static visual data for understanding and studied visual object and further prepared a circumstance that could create new knowledge. We found that our experience on visualizations in Linear Algebra using Sage and GeoGebra to our class can be effectively adopted to other university math classes. It is expected that this contribution has a positive effect for school math education as well as the other lectures in university.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.23-32
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• 2017

Although previous studies have emphasized factors affecting people's variety-seeking behavior, research has not been performed to examine the interaction effect of good-bad luck and embodied cognition (hand washing) on variety-seeking behavior. Experience of good and bad luck affects consumer information processing and hand washing is known to reverse the experience of luck. Understanding the interaction effect of good/bad luck and hand washing on variety seeking behavior will shed important light on consumer behavior including choice and product purchase. To do this, a study was performed to investigate the effects of good/bad luck priming and hand washing on variety seeking behavior. Participants were primed with good or bad luck and then were asked to either wash their hands or not. After that, they were led to choose yogurt for the next seven days and the dependent measure was the number of different tastes of yogurt participants picked up. An interaction effect of luck priming and hand washing was found. Results indicate that, in good luck condition, there was no difference in variety seeking behavior between hand washing participants and non-hand washing participants. However, in bad luck condition, hand washing participants chose less diverse tastes of yogurt than non-hand washing participants. Implications of the study findings for the field of consumer psychology and marketing are discussed.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.207-228
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• 2023

After COVID-19, organizations have widely adopted platforms such as zoom or developed their proprietary online real-time systems for remote work, with recent forays into incorporating the metaverse for meetings and publicity. While ongoing studies investigate the impact of avatar customization, expansive virtual environments, and past virtual experiences on participant satisfaction within virtual reality or metaverse settings, the utilization of the metaverse as a dedicated workspace is still an evolving area. There exists a notable gap in research concerning the factors influencing the performance of the metaverse as a workspace, particularly in non-immersive work-type metaverses. Unlike studies focusing on immersive virtual reality or metaverses emphasizing immersion and presence, the majority of contemporary work-oriented metaverses tend to be non-immersive. As such, understanding the factors that contribute to the success of these existing non-immersive metaverses becomes crucial. Hence, this paper aims to empirically analyze the factors impacting personal outcomes in the non-immersive metaverse workspace and derive implications from the results. To achieve this, the study adopts the Embodied Social Presence (ESP) model as a theoretical foundation, modifying and proposing a research model tailored to the non-immersive metaverse workspace. The findings validate that the impact of presence on task engagement and task involvement exhibits a moderating effect based on the metaverse platform used. Following interviews with participants engaged in non-immersive metaverse workplaces (specifically Gather Town and Ifland), a survey was conducted to gather comprehensive insights.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.637-654
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the development of scientific conceptual understanding through a process-centered assessment that visualizes the process of scientific argumentation. In this study, 353 high school students and five teachers participated in the scientific argumentation. As a result of analyzing students' utterances on the elements of argumentation, scientific concepts in intragroup were embodied through query and clarification of meaning, and organized through agreement and rebuttal. In intergroup argumentation, scientific concepts were elaborated through query, clarification of meaning, and change of claim. Teachers were able to understand the process of argumentation through small-group activity sheets where the process was visualized, thereby providing feedback and improving the class. Based on the results, the scientific argumentation of visualizing the process was found not only to allow students to perform self-assessment and peer-assessment but also to help teachers understand the argumentation process. The findings of this study guide process-centered assessment in the science curriculum and are expected to contribute to the promotion of scientific argumentation in classrooms.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.202-215
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• 2011

The wide range of understanding on form, function and style are very important in design practice. Because any design can't be existed without form and function and, also, every design can be embodied by the style. From this point of view, the new interpretation and their relations on form, function and style are studied in this paper. First of all, 1-In Introduction, a few issues are suggested to the purpose and requirement with explaining the background of the paper. 2-Design Form; original form, hand-made form, standard form and expressive form are researched. 3-Design Function; original function. traditional function, absolute function and relative function are studied. 4-Design Style; survival style, folk style, simple style and fusion style are searched. Finally, 5-In Conclusion, the approach method is expressed on form, function and style, and their relations are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.217-227
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• 2007

This study describes a system which makes children use a cooperation study for the education of a library use and applies SDG technology to this cooperation study SDG means a system which is able to do a cooperation work as a multi-inputting device in a computer display. Through the use library utilization education system based on SDG, learners study simultaneously and collaborately. On this thesis. We embodied the understanding of the decimal classification of Korea and the arrangement of a bookshelf and the study of the location tracking as a game style based on an existed study that a cooperation study used SDG is more superior that an individual study used a single device. Librarians through this system will be able to easily and interestingly instruct children for the use of a library.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.100-116
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the objectivity of scientific knowledge, focusing on Michael Polanyi's epistemology. The objectivity of scientific knowledge could be examined in epistemological and ontological view. The former relates to the rationality, but the latter to the reality. Since the middle of 20th century science philosophers have debated about the objectivity of scientific knowledge. Their opinions are divided three parts by the criteria of objectivity in relation to the rationality. Exactly Objectivism approves the rationality of scientific knowledge, and Falsificationism accepts the panial rationality, but Relativism denies any rationality. In this paper, we will study the objectivity of knowledge in relation to the subjectivity, especially throughout the theory of Kant, Kierkegaard and Wang Yang-ming. Experienced good scientist Polanyi(1946; 1958) have ever suggested the new epistemology as the name of 'personal knowledge'. He argues that scientific knowledge is personal by faith, trust, passions, tacit understanding, method rules embodied in practice. Some implications were discussed for science education from the view of Polanyi. The first holds that science class needs human voice throughout the personal commitment. The second holds that intellectual passions should he recovered. The third holds that the teacher should act like real scientist. Finally, the theory of science education should be established for ourselves.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.545-558
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• 2021

This research analyzed the Chinese style design embodied in the collections of the new generation of fashion designers shown during the Shanghai Fashion Week to improve the understanding of Chinese style and the modernization of Chinese design. The research questions were 1) studying the development of the Chinese fashion industry chronologically and investing young designers' current situation, 2) investigating young designers' awareness of Chinese style and analyzing Chinese style design in collections. A literature and case study were conducted as the research method. The literature study focused on the books about the Chinese fashion industry and history, newspaper, articles, and so on. The case study was conducted among 63 Chinese style collections in 2016-2020 SFW by investigating fashion magazine reviews, articles, and so on. The findings are as follows: 1) Young Chinese fashion designers' awareness of Chinese style has three characteristics; the nonmaterial tendency from decreasing stereotyped images, combination of traditional culture and local youth culture, and commercialization with trends. 2) Chinese elements, including natural, character, and cultural elements were predominantly used in the concept, pattern, and shape. Nonmaterial characteristics were identified in concept, cultural combination characteristics in concept, shape, color, material, and pattern, and trend commercialization in shape, color, and pattern. In conclusion, Chinese young fashion designers had strong national consciousness and new awareness of Chinese style fashion in decreasing the stereotyped images of China. Thus, they used more varied expressions. Meanwhile, they faced difficulties in expressing nonmaterial Chinese elements by balancing them with Chinese style and globalization.