• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.1044-1058
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• 2021

Tempered electronic contents have multiplied in last few years, thanks to the emergence of sophisticated artificial intelligence(AI) algorithms. Deepfakes (fake footage, photos, speech, and videos) can be a frightening and destructive phenomenon that has the capacity to distort the facts and hamper reputation by presenting a fake reality. Evidence of ownership or authentication of digital material is crucial for combating the fabricated content influx we are facing today. Current solutions lack the capacity to track digital media's history and provenance. Due to the rise of misrepresentation created by technologies like deepfake, detection algorithms are required to verify the integrity of digital content. Many real-world scenarios have been claimed to benefit from blockchain's authentication capabilities. Despite the scattered efforts surrounding such remedies, relatively little research has been undertaken to discover where blockchain technology can be used to tackle the deepfake problem. Latest blockchain based innovations such as Smart Contract, Hyperledger fabric can play a vital role against the manipulation of digital content. The goal of this paper is to summarize and discuss the ongoing researches related to blockchain's capabilities to protect digital content authentication. We have also suggested a blockchain (smart contract) dependent framework that can keep the data integrity of original content and thus prevent deepfake. This study also aims at discussing how blockchain technology can be used more effectively in deepfake prevention as well as highlight the current state of deepfake video detection research, including the generating process, various detection algorithms, and existing benchmarks.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.411-426
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• 2021

Combining different procedures to reduce the number of surgical sessions and patient discomfort in implant placement and sinus floor elevation has been recommended, and evidence supports good outcomes. The aim of this study was to review the results of clinical studies on sinus floor elevation through extraction sockets and simultaneous immediate posterior implant placement. An electronic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find English articles published in or before August 2020. A manual search was also performed. Titles, abstracts, and the full-text of the retrieved articles were studied. Thirteen studies met our eligibility criteria: 6 retrospective case series, 3 case reports, 2 prospective cohort case-series, 1 prospective case series, and 1 randomized controlled trial. Overall, 306 implants were placed; 2 studies reported implant survival rates of 91.7% and 98.57%. The others either did not report the survival rate or reported 100% survival. Sinus floor elevation through a fresh extraction socket and simultaneous immediate implant placement appears to be a predictable modality with a high success rate. However, proper case selection and the expertise of the clinician play fundamental roles in the success of such complex procedures.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.5-19
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and the meta-analytic study was to examine the effectiveness of the interventions for smartphone addiction problems in youth on alleviating their levels of anxiety, depression, impulsiveness, self-control, self-esteem, and smartphone addiction. Methods: Relevant literature was searched from six electronic databases, and studies were searched by rigor PICOS framework. A total of 31 studies were included for the meta-analysis, which met the inclusion criteria of this study. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0 was used for analysis. Results: Overall effect size of the intervention was Hedges' g 1.02 (95% CI: 0.86~1.17), which was a large effect size with a statistical significance. The effect sizes of the outcome variables were significant. Self-control showed the largest effect sizes (g=1.73), followed by smartphone addiction (g=1.49), self-esteem (g=0.99), impulsiveness (g=0.82), anxiety (g=0.77), and depression (g=0.67). Interventions targeting smaller groups showed a higher effect size than larger groups. Conclusion: This study indicates that the interventions targeting Korean youths can reduce anxiety, depression, impulsiveness, self-control, self-esteem, and smartphone addiction of Korean youth. This study can provide evidence for further interventions to prevent smartphone addiction and related programs in Korean youths.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.11-29
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of virtual reality on gait, balance, and upper extremity functions compared to other independent variables or no variables. Additionally, the possibility of virtual reality for stroke patients was discussed. Design: Meta-analysis. Methods: The search for this study was a search term that combined stroke, virtual reality, and training, and the electronic search was conducted through EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. As a result of the search, 21 studies satisfying the selection criteria of the target study were confirmed as the final analysis target. This study consisted of 21 randomized experimental studies and 21 randomized controlled trials, and the total number of participants was 642. [Experimental group (n=314), control group (n=328); total 642]. As a result of the study, upper extremity function was assessed using a box and block test, a modified Ashworth scale, and a scale including range of motion. The balance was evaluated by the berg balance scale. Gait was a Timed Up and Go test (TUG), stride length, and gait function. Scales including a walking rate scale were evaluated. The effect size for the intervention of the analytical study was meta-analyzed with the RevMan 5.3.3 program of the Cochrane library. Results: The results of the study showed that the function of walking was statistically significant. Balance showed statistically significant results. The upper extremity function showed no statistically significant results. Conclusion: Through this rehabilitation treatment by applying virtual reality environment to the rehabilitation of stroke patients in the future can be proposed as an effective intervention method for the balance and gait function of stroke patients.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.182-200
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• 2022

Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) treatment in late adolescents and adult patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Literature search was conducted in five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) based on the PICOS keyword design focusing on MARPE. Out of the 18 CBCT screened outcomes, only nine parameters were sufficient for the quantitative meta-analysis. The parameters were classified into three main groups: 1) skeletal changes, 2) alveolar change, and 3) dental changes. Heterogeneity test, estimation of pooled means, publication bias, sensitivity analysis and risk of bias assessment were also performed. Results: Upon database searching, only 14 full-text articles were qualified from the 364 obtained results. Heterogeneity test indicated the use of the random-effects model. The pooled mean estimate were as follows: 1) Skeletal expansion: zygomatic width, 2.39 mm; nasal width, 2.68 mm; jugular width, 3.12 mm; and midpalatal suture at the posterior nasal spine and anterior nasal spine, 3.34 mm and 4.56 mm, respectively; 2) Alveolar molar width expansion, 4.80 mm; and 3) Dental expansion: inter-canine width, 3.96 mm; inter-premolar width, 4.99 mm and inter-molar width, 5.99 mm. The percentage of expansion demonstrated a skeletal expansion (PNS) of 55.76%, alveolar molar width expansion of 24.37% and dental expansion of 19.87%. Conclusions: In the coronal view, the skeletal and dental expansion created by MARPE was of the pyramidal pattern. MARPE could successfully expand the constricted maxilla in late adolescents and adult patients.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2022

Objectives This systematic review aimed to analyze research about pelvic deviation diagnosis for Chuna manual therapy (CMT) and to review the diagnosis methods, indices, and results of diagnosis. Methods Ten electronic databases were systematically searched up to January 4th 2022. Clinical studies and reviews containing pelvic deviation diagnosis for CMT or using CMT as a treatment of pelvic deviation were selected and evaluated. CMT diagnosis in clinical studies and reviews were isolated and analyzed by 2 independent reviewers. Results Thirteen clinical studies and three reviews were included in the evaluation. X-ray analysis and manual testing were the two main methods used in CMT diagnosis of pelvic deviation. For manual testing in clinical studies, leg length insufficiency testing was the most frequently used measurement index and the most common diagnostic results were anterior and posterior rotation. In the X-ray analysis, Obturator foramen and femur head line were the most frequently used measurement index and the most common diagnostic results were anterior rotation and posterior rotation. Conclusions The systematic review found that manual testing and X-ray analysis were mainly used for the diagnosis of pelvic deviation in CMT among clincial and review articles. As there was little research about diagnosing pelvic deviation in CMT and any existing research presented only low standards of evidence, further research should be updated with using a more standardized approach.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2022

Objectives This systematic review aimed to provide evidence of the effectiveness and safety of manual therapy for asthma in children and adolescents. Methods We queried eight electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, ScienceON, KISS, and RISS) up to the end of April 2022. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating manual therapy for the treatment of asthma in children and adolescents. The methodological quality of the included RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool 1.0. Results Four RCTs were eligible for inclusion. Meta-analysis could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies. One study showed the statistical significance of SMD 0.41 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.76, p<0.05) in the comparison with the osteopathic therapy group and the sham control group before and after treatment on the same day of peak expiratory flow. Conclusions This possibility was observed in a non-pharmacological approach to manual therapy. Manual therapy can be considered as an adjunct therapy for asthma treatment in children and adolescents who have difficulty with drug therapy.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.261-281
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• 2022

Purpose: Short implants are a potential alternative to long implants for use with bone augmentation in atrophic jaws. This meta-analysis investigated the survival rate and marginal bone level (MBL) of surface-modified short vs. long implants. Methods: Electronic and manual searches were performed for articles published between January 2010 and June 2021. Twenty-two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing surface-modified short and long implants that reported the survival rate with at least 1 year of follow-up were selected. Two reviewers independently extracted the data, and the risk of bias and quality of evidence were evaluated. A quantitative meta-analysis was performed regarding survival rate and MBL. Results: The failure rates of surface-modified short and long implants differed significantly (risk ratio, 2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46, 3.57; P<0.000). Long implants exhibited a higher survival rate than short implants (mean follow-up, 1-10 years). A significant difference was observed in mean MBL (mean difference=-0.43, 95% CI, -0.63, -0.23; P<0.000), favoring the short implants. Regarding the impact of surface treatment in short and long implants, for hydrophilic sandblasted acid-etched (P=0.020) and titanium oxide fluoride-modified (P=0.050) surfaces, the survival rate differed significantly between short and long implants. The MBL differences for novel nanostructured calcium-incorporated, hydrophilic sandblasted acid-etched, and dual acid-etched with nanometer-scale calcium phosphate crystal surfaces (P=0.050, P=0.020, and P<0.000, respectively) differed significantly for short vs. long implants. Conclusions: Short surface-modified implants are a potential alternative to longer implants in atrophic ridges. Long fluoride-modified and hydrophilic sandblasted acid-etched implants have higher survival rates than short implants. Short implants with novel nanostructured calcium-incorporated titanium surfaces, hydrophilic sandblasted acid-etched surfaces, and dual acid-etched surfaces with nanometer-scale calcium phosphate crystals showed less marginal bone loss than longer implants. Due to high heterogeneity, the MBL results should be interpreted cautiously, and better-designed RCTs should be assessed in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.45-63
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• 2021

In the electronic record environment, there are discussions about the necessity of using records as information, and ISO 15489:2016 defines records as one of the information assets. In acceptance of this concept of information assets, the national archives of each country have established related policies and guidelines to actively promote information asset management. This paper intends to analyze the information asset management policies and guidelines that are established by the national archives of each country. This is to identify global trends for information assetization of records in the digital environment and derive benchmarking factors for seeking institutional establishment in Korea. To this end, the definition of records in ISO standards and related research results are analyzed to investigate the conceptual origins of information assets. Moreover, the actual cases about information asset management of the national archives of the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Australia are investigated. Based on this, the implications of overseas cases and issues to be supplemented to establish the relationship between records and information assets are presented as a part of seeking institutional establishment in Korea.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 2022

In this study, by analyzing the examination time for each procedure, the appropriate workload of radiologic technologist is analyzed based on the actual examination time in the current clinical setting by comparing with the examination time in the radiology field setting of the health insurance review and assessment service. In addition, this result is introduced into the calculation of relate value units; it was attempted to provide accurate and objective evidence in the field of radiology. From May 2020 to December 2021, the study retrospectively investigated the examination times recorded in the electronic medical record and picture archiving and communication system at 5 tertiary general hospitals and 1 general hospital. The total of 16 examination parts are applied in this study, including the head, sinuses, chest, ribs, abdomen, pelvis, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, femur, knee, and ankle. The minimum number of images that could be obtained per radiation generator was 3.6 images for one hour, and the maximum was 6.4 images. When 50% median of procedure time is calculated, the minimum number of images that could be obtained was 16.7 images and maximum was 35.3 images; in addition, minimum examination time is 1.7 minutes, and maximum time is 3.6 minutes. In conclusion, it is judged that there will be insufficient explanation time for basic infection instructions such as hand hygiene during the examinations in current clinical practice. It is believed that radiologic technologists will contribute to providing higher-quality of radiation examination services to the public by complying with guidelines for work and setting appropriate workload on their own.