• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.469-478
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• 2013

This paper proposes a novel scheme for the current controller for the grid-side converter (GSC) of permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbines to eliminate the high-order harmonics in the grid currents under grid voltage disturbances. The voltage unbalance and harmonics in three-phase systems cause grid current distortions. In order to mitigate the input current distortions, multi-loop current controllers are applied, where the positive-sequence component is regulated by proportional-integral (PI) controllers, and the negative-sequence and high-order harmonic components are regulated by proportional-resonance (PR) controllers. For extracting the positive/negative-sequence and harmonic components of the grid voltages and currents without a phase delay or magnitude reduction, composite observers are applied, which give faster and more precise estimation results. In addition, an active damping method using PR controllers to damp the grid current component of the resonant frequency is employed to improve the operating stability of VSCs with inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) filters. The validity of the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.10
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• pp.1286-1291
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• 2018

In recent years, the proliferation of DER (distributed energy resources) is progressing rapidly. In particular, research on LVDC distribution grid with various advantages has begun. In order to commercialize this LVDC grid, direct current protection method should be established by analysis of DC faults. Recently, the development of HSCB (high-speed circuit breaker) for new ${\pm}750[V]$ LVDC grid has been researched. This paper deals with the calculation of the maximum short-circuit fault current of the HSCB as a part of the development of HSCB for the LVDC distribution grid. First, modeling using PSCAD was carried out for PV array with BESS on the Gochang Power Test Center system. Next, to calculate the rated capacity of HSCB, fault currents were calculated and the characteristics were analyzed through fault simulations. Thus, this study results can help to establish short-circuit capacity calculation of HSCB and protection plan for DC protection relay system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.28-37
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• 2015

Owing to the variability of large-scaled wind power system, the development of wind farm management technologies and related compensation methods have been receiving attention. To provide an accurate and reliable output power, certain wind farm adopts a specified management system including a wind prediction model and grid expectation solutions for considering grid condition. Those technologies are focused on improving the reliability and stability issues of wind farms, which can affect not only nearby system devices but also a voltage condition of utility grid. Therefore, to adapt the develop management system, an expectation process about voltage condition of Point of Common Coupling should be integrated in operating system for responding system requirements in real-time basis. This paper introduce a grid imposing method for a real-time based wind farm management system. The expected power can be transferred to the power flow section and the required quantity about reactive power can be calculated through the proposed system. For the verification process, the gauss-seidel method is introduced in the Matlab/Simulink for analysing power flow condition. The entire simulation process was designed to interwork with PSCAD for verifying real power system condition.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.172-180
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• 2017

The repetitive control (RC) strategy is widely used in AC power systems because of its high performance in tracking period signal and suppressing steady-state error. However, the dynamic response of RC is determined by the fundamental period delay $T_0$ existing in the internal model. In the current study, a ($nk{\pm}i$)-order harmonic RC structure is proposed to improve dynamic performance. The proposed structure has less data memory and can improve the tracking speed by n/2 times. $T_0$ proves the effectiveness of the ($nk{\pm}i$)-order RC strategy. The simulation and experiments of ($6k{\pm}1$)-order and ($4k{\pm}1$)-order RC strategy used in the voltage source inverter is conducted in this study to control the harmonic current source, which shows the validity and advantages of the proposed structure.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2012

A precise measurement of the grid voltage is one of the essential techniques, which is required to connect a renewable energy to the grid. In general, when a filter is used to eliminate unnecessary harmonics and noises, a signal is distorted by phase delay, amplitude attenuation, and other distortions. And the response characteristic of a controller is directly affected by bandwidth of cut-off frequency of the filter. To alleviate this problems, we propose an effective algorithm based on DFT(Discrete Fourier Transform) instead of approaching the filter application. The proposed algorithm ensures high precise measurement of the grid voltage because it can extract the fundamental and harmonics from the raw signal without any distortions. The high performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by PSIM simulation and experiments of Grid-Connected VSI.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2013

This paper describes the coordinated droop control method for stand-alone type DC micro-grid to improve reliability and utilization of distributed generations and energy storage. The stand-alone type DC micro-grid consists of several distributed generations such as a wind power generation, solar power and micro-turbine, and energy storage. The proposed method which is based on autonomous control method shows high reliability and stability through coordinated droop control of distributed generations and energy storage and also capability of battery management. The operation of stand-alone type DC micro-grid was analyzed using detail simulation model with PSCAD/EMTDC software. Based on simulation results, a hardware simulator was built and tested with commercially available components and performance of system was verified.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.58-67
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• 2014

A grid-connected inverter used for renewable energy resources produces harmonic components in the switching frequency. To effectively reduce switching harmonic components, several types of filter are generally used in the output stage of the grid-connected inverter. Many research works on LCL filter design have been done to maintain the performance with low cost. However, it is not easy to make the filter design be economical and optimal due to the varying characteristic of magnetic core and redundancy design by experience. In this paper, a design method for a LCL filter is presented through the inductor optimization scheme in view of the size and cost when the inductor is manufactured using the magnetic core. The effectiveness is verified through tests using a 3kW grid-connected inverter by simulations and experiments.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.168-174
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• 2016

In this paper, current control using PI controller in the synchronous reference frame is analyzed through the relationship among bandwidth, resonance frequency, and sampling frequency in the grid-connected inverter with LCL filter. Stability is investigated by using bode plot in frequency domain and root locus in discrete domain. The feedback variable is the grid current, which is regulated by the PI controller in the synchronous reference frame. System delay is modeled as 1.5Ts, which contains computational and PWM modulator delay. Two resonance frequencies are given at 815 Hz and 3.16 kHz from LCL filter parameters. Sufficient phase and gain margins can be obtained to guarantee stable current control, in case that resonance frequency is above one-sixth of the sampling frequency. Unstable current control is performed when resonance frequency is below one-sixth of the sampling frequency. Analysis results of stability from frequency response and discrete response is the same regardless of resonance frequency. Finally, stability of current control based on theoretical analysis is clearly verified through simulation and experiment in grid-connected inverters with LCL filter.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.486-492
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• 2017

In recent years, renewable energy sources have been mentioned as solution to environmental regulation and energy supply-demand. Energy storage systems are needed to mitigate the intermittent output characteristics of renewable energy sources and to operate micro grid efficiently using renewable energy generation systems. However, despite the necessity of energy storage system, this cannot secure the economical efficiency of the energy storage system by high initial cost. In this paper, a micro grid is constructed to supply electric power to industrial customers by using solar power generation system and energy storage system among renewable energy generation power sources and operated to improve energy independence. In the case study, we use photovoltaic system which is representative renewable energy generation system. Unlike conventional photovoltaic system, this system uses floating photovoltaic system with the advantage of having high output and no land area limitations. It is operated for the purpose of improving energy independence in the micro grid. In order to secure economical efficiency, the energy storage system operates a micro grid with a minimum capacity. Finally, this paper calculates the appropriate subsidy for the energy storage capacity.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.609-615
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• 2005

A 30kW electrical power conversion system is developed for a variable speed wind turbine. In the wind energy conversion system(WECS) a synchronous generator with field current excitation converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. As the voltage and the frequency of the generator output vary according to the wind speed, a 6-bridge diode rectifier and a PWM boost chopper is utilized as an ac-dc converter maintaining the constant dc-link voltage with only single switch control. An input current control algorithm for maximum power generation during the variable speed operation is proposed without any usage of speed sensor. Grid connection type PWM inverter converts dc input power to ac output currents into the grid. The active power to the grid is controlled by q-axis current and the reactive power is controlled by d-axis current with appropriate decoupling. The phase angle of utility voltage is detected using software PLL(Phased Locked Loop) in d-q synchronous reference frame. Experimental results from the test of 30kW prototype wind turbine system show that the generator power can be controlled effectively during the variable speed operation without any speed sensor.