• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1994

Welding of structure produces welding residual stresses which influence buckling strength, brittle fracture strength and cold crack on the weld parts. Therefore, it is very important to accurately analyze the residual stress before welding in order to guarantee the safety of weldment. If the weld length is long enough compared to the thickness and the breadth of plate, thermal and mechanical behaviors in the middle portion of the plate are assumed to be uniform along the thickness direction(z-axis). Thus, the following conditions(so-called plane deformation) can be assumed for the plate except near its end;1) distributions of stress and strain are independent on the z-axis;2) plane normal to z-axis before deformation remains plane during and after deformation. In this paper, plane-deformation thermal elasto-plastic problem is formulated by being based on the finite element method. Moreover special regards and paid to the fact that material properties in elastic and plastic region are temperature-dependence. And the method to solve the plane-deformation thermal elasto-plastic problem is shown by using the incremental technique. From the results of analysis, the characterisics of distribution of welding residual stress and plastic strain with the production mechanism are clarified.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-44
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• 2020

This work presents a comparison of three performance-based seismic design methods (PBSD) as applied to plane steel frames having eccentric braces (EBFs) and buckling restrained braces (BRBFs). The first method uses equivalent modal damping ratios (ξ_k), referring to an equivalent multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) linear system, which retains the mass, the elastic stiffness and responds in the same way as the original non-linear MDOF system. The second method employs modal strength reduction factors (${\bar{q}}_k$) resulting from the corresponding modal damping ratios. Contrary to the behavior factors of code based design methods, both ξ_k and ${\bar{q}}_k$ account for the first few modes of significance and incorporate target deformation metrics like inter-storey drift ratio (IDR) and local ductility as well as structural characteristics like structural natural period, and soil types. Explicit empirical expressions of ξ_k and ${\bar{q}}_k$, recently presented by the present authors elsewhere, are also provided here for reasons of completeness and easy reference. The third method, developed here by the authors, is based on a hybrid force/displacement (HFD) seismic design scheme, since it combines the force-base design (FBD) method with the displacement-based design (DBD) method. According to this method, seismic design is accomplished by using a behavior factor (q_h), empirically expressed in terms of the global ductility of the frame, which takes into account both non-structural and structural deformation metrics. These expressions for q_h are obtained through extensive parametric studies involving non-linear dynamic analysis (NLDA) of 98 frames, subjected to 100 far-fault ground motions that correspond to four soil types of Eurocode 8. Furthermore, these factors can be used in conjunction with an elastic acceleration design spectrum for seismic design purposes. Finally, a comparison among the above three seismic design methods and the Eurocode 8 method is conducted with the aid of non-linear dynamic analyses via representative numerical examples, involving plane steel EBFs and BRBFs.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2024

In this paper, the behavior of an innovative metallic a butterfly-shaped link as damper with shear and flexural mechanism was investigated experimentally and numerically. The damper is directly attached to the diagonal member of the Concentrically Braced Frame (CBF) to prevent buckling of the braces. Since it is expected that nonlinear behavior of the system is limited to the dampers, the other parts of structures remind elastic that the damper can replaced easily after a severe earthquake. The experimental outcomes indicated that both types of dampers (with shear or flexural mechanism) pertain to stable hysteresis loops without any significant degradation in stiffness or strength. Comparing the dampers indicated that the shear damper has a greater ultimate strength (4.59 times) and stiffness (3.58 times) than flexural damper but a lower ductility (16%) and ultimate displacement (60%). Also, the shear damper has a considerable dissipation energy 14.56 times greater than flexural dampers where dissipating energy are affected by ultimate strength, stiffness and ultimate displacement. Also, based on the numerical study, the effect of main plate slenderness on the behavior of the damper was considered and the allowable slenderness was suggested to the design of the dampers. Numerical results confirmed that the flexural damper is more sensitive to the slenderness than shear damper. Accordingly, as the slenderness is less than 50 and 30, respectively, for, shear and flexural damper, no degradation in ultimate strength is realized. By increasing the slenderness, the maximum reduction of the ultimate strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity reached by 16%, 7%, and 17% for SDB dampers whereas it is 3%, 33%, 20%, and 45% for MDB.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.705-720
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• 2024

Analyzing the collapse behavior of thin-walled steel structures holds significant importance in ensuring their safety and longevity. Geometric imperfections present on the surface of metal materials can diminish both the durability and mechanical integrity of steel shells. These imperfections, encompassing local geometric irregularities and deformations such as holes, cavities, notches, and cracks localized in specific regions of the shell surface, play a pivotal role in the assessment. They can induce stress concentration within the structure, thereby influencing its susceptibility to buckling. The intricate relationship between the buckling behavior of these structures and such imperfections is multifaceted, contingent upon a variety of factors. The buckling analysis of thin-walled steel shell structures, similar to other steel structures, commonly involves the determination of crucial material properties, including elastic modulus, shear modulus, tensile strength, and fracture toughness. An established method involves the emulation of distributed geometric imperfections, utilizing real test specimen data as a basis. This approach allows for the accurate representation and assessment of the diversity and distribution of imperfections encountered in real-world scenarios. Utilizing defect data obtained from actual test samples enhances the model's realism and applicability. The sizes and configurations of these defects are employed as inputs in the modeling process, aiding in the prediction of structural behavior. It's worth noting that there is a dearth of experimental studies addressing the influence of geometric defects on the buckling behavior of cylindrical steel shells. In this particular study, samples featuring geometric imperfections were subjected to experimental buckling tests. These same samples were also modeled using Finite Element Analysis (FEM), with results corroborating the experimental findings. Furthermore, the initial geometrical imperfections were measured using digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. In this way, the response of the test specimens can be estimated accurately by applying the initial imperfections to FE models. After validation of the test results with FEA, a numerical parametric study was conducted to develop more generalized design recommendations for the stainless-steel shell structures with the initial geometric imperfection. While the load-carrying capacity of samples with perfect surfaces was up to 140 kN, the load-carrying capacity of samples with 4 mm defects was around 130 kN. Likewise, while the load carrying capacity of samples with 10 mm defects was around 125 kN, the load carrying capacity of samples with 14 mm defects was measured around 120 kN.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2024

이 연구에서는 세장판 복부를 가진 H형 보를 보강하는 파형 CFRP 패널의 최적 설계를 목표로 하여 FEM 해석을 수행하였다. 파형 CFRP 패널의 다양한 제원에 따른 좌굴 보강성능을 평가하였으며, 특히 H형 보 복부의 순높이에 따른 수직보강재의 비율이 1차 탄성 좌굴모드의 위치에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 새로운 보강방법을 제안하였다. CFRP 사용량을 최소화하기 위해 부착 각도를 45도로 설정하였다. 나아가, 파형 CFRP 패널의 제원 변화에 따른 매개변수 해석을 수행하여 파형 CFRP 패널의 좌굴 보강성능을 연성지수를 통해 평가하였다. 또한 최대 하중 및 연성지수를 파형 CFRP 패널의 부피와 동시에 고려하여 재료를 효율적으로 사용하고자 하였다. CFRP 적층 수가 2개 또는 3개인 모델이 연성지수가 높고 재료가 효율적으로 사용된다는 것을 확인하였으며, 파형 CFRP 패널의 폭보다는 높이 및 길이에 따라 좌굴 보강성능이 지배적인 영향을 받는다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.134-139
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• 2002

Fracture behaviors of pipes with local wall thinning are very important for the integrity of nuclear power plant. However, effects of local wall thinning on strength and fracture behaviors of piping system were not well studied. Acoustic emission(AE) has been widely used in various fields because of its extreme sensitivity, dynamic detection ability and location of growing defects. In this study, we investigated failure modes of locally wall thinned pipes and AE signals by bending test. From test results, we could be divided four types of failure modes of ovalization, crack initiation after ovalization, local buckling and crack initiation after local buckling. And fracture behaviors such as elastic region, yielding range, plastic deformation range and crack progress could be evaluated by AE counts, accumulative counts and time-frequency analysis during bending test. It is expected to be basic data that can protect a risk according to local wall thinning of pipes, as a real time test of AE.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

콘크리트 충전 강관 기둥을 개선한 팔각 콘크리트 충전 강관 기둥 (OCFT 기둥)이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 시공성 및 경제성 측면에서 장점을 갖는 OCFT 기둥을 역타(Top-Down) 공법에 적용하기 위하여 원심모형실험 장비를 활용하여 압축성능을 검증하였다. 12 g의 원심가속도가 작용하는 상태에서 말뚝으로 시공된 OCFT 기둥의 시공하중에 대한 지지가능 여부와 토사가 굴토되었을 경우 말뚝의 좌굴안전성 등을 관찰하기 위하여 압축강도에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 천공 후, OCFT 기둥과 H 형강이 말뚝기초로 시공되고 뒷채움으로, 지반에 완전히 묻힌 실험체의 경우와 반만 묻힌 경우에 대하여, 약 13,000 kN의 공칭강도의 45% 시공하중을 재하한 결과 모든 실험체가 탄성상태에서 거동하였다. 하중재하실험 종료 후, 풍화암과 말뚝하부를 관찰한 결과 풍화암이 손상되지 않았으며, 이로부터 3.5 MPa 조성된 풍화암은 $600{\times}600mm$ OCFT 기둥의 공칭강도의 45%도 안정적으로 지지할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2019

이 논문은 복합 입체형 트러스 단위구조체에 대한 강도 및 강성을 연구하였다. 사용된 모델은카고메 모델과 정육면체 트러스 모델을 합한 core-filled 모델이다. 해석을 위해 사용한 재질 특성은 304 스테인레스 스틸로 탄성계수는 193GPa, 항복응력 215MPa이다. 이론식은 깁슨-애쉬비의 상대탄성 관계식을 바탕으로 이론식을 유도하였고, 상용도구인 Deform 3D를 사용하여 해석을 실시하였다. 결론적으로 이 단위모델에 대한 상대탄성력은 상대밀도의 1.25배와 상수 계수값과 상관관계를 형성하고, 탄성은 기공과 반비례한다. 그리고, 상대압축강도는 상대밀도와 1.25배의 상관관계를 이룬다. 이에 대한 증명은 실제 실험을 해야 하겠으며, 유도한 이론 관계식은 굽힘과 좌굴등의 기계적 거동을 추가로 고려해야 한다. 앞으로 입체공간의 구조에 따른 탄성 및 응력에 대해 지속적인 연구가 진행될 것이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.1025-1030
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• 2007

Three kinds of metallic sandwich panels with quasi-Kagome truss cores have been analyzed on their mechanical behaviors subjected to bending load. According to the results of previous work on the optimal design, they were designed to have similarly high strength per weight with the identical overall sizes, i.e., the total length, the width, the core height. Differences were in the face sheet thickness and/or the thickness of the metal sheet from which the core was fabricated through expanding and bending processes. Under the bending load, they performed well as designed, as far as the maximum load is concerned. However, after the maximum load, the load-displacement curves were different each other depending on the slenderness ratio of the truss elements composing the quasi-Kagome truss cores and the face sheet thickness. Namely, the slenderness ratio and the face sheet thickness governed stability of the elastic and plastic buckling. Therefore, if energy absorption characteristics or structural stability as well as the maximum load capacity are to be achieved, the sandwich panel with thick truss members and thick face sheet should be selected.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호통권33호
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• pp.523-533
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• 1997

현존하는 매립형 합성기둥의 한계상태설계법은 합성재로서의 단면과 재료의 성능을 정의하는 설계식에 비논리적이며 모호한 부분을 내포하고 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 설계식을 제정하는데 사용한 과거의 연구자료를 조사하며 비논리적이며 모호한 점들을 분석하였다. 즉, 합성단면으로서의 항복강도와 탄성계수의 환산, 좌굴강도를 산정하는데 영향을 주는 설계식에서 단면2차모멘트 대신에 단면적의 사용. 강재 단면과 콘크리트 단면의 단면2차반경 중에서 큰 값의 적용등을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 기존의 설계식을 개선하며 두 가지 방법의 설계식을 제안하였으며 이 방법들은 실무 설계에 곧바로 적용될 수가 있다.