• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.116-123
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• 2009

The elastic properties of core affect mechanical properties and deformation behaviours of the lightweight sandwich panel. The objective of the present paper is to estimate experimentally Young's and shear moduli of a core in internally structured boned (ISB) panel with woven metal as inner structures using the deflection theory of sandwich beam considered core stiffness. Three points bending experiments were performed to obtain force-deflection curves of the designed ISB panel in each material direction. The elastic and shear moduli of the core in each material direction were estimated from slopes and intercepts of relationships between compliance per the span length and square of the span length, respectively. The results of the estimation showed that the fabric technology of the woven metal affects the variation of the elastic properties in the core. Through the comparison of shear moduli and force-deflection curves of the proposed method and those without considering the core stiffness, it was shown that the core stiffness should be considered to estimate properly the Young's and shear moduli of ISB panels. Finally, the contribution ratio of bending and shear deflections of ISB panels to the total deflection was quantitatively examined.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.639-647
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 원주형 절취 독본(dogbonc) 내진 접합부 도입에 따른 철골모멘트골조의 횡강성 감소 정도를 용이하게 산정할 수 있는 실용적 해석기법을 제안하였다. 된 연구의 방안은 원래의 원주형 절취 형상의 독본에서 발생하는 신장량과 동일한 크기의 신장량이 유발되도록 등가의 균등한 유효폭을 갖는 독본 형상으로 치환하는 것에 근거하고 있다. 등가 유효폭을 도입하는 목적은 공액보법을 적용하여 보의 휨변형에 의한 골조의 횡변위 성분을 유도할 때 수행되는 전분을 해석적으로 하기 위함이다. 이러한 접근법의 타당성을 먼저 검증된 유한요소해석모델에 의해 확인한 후, 기둥, 패널존 그리고 보의 변형에서 기인하는 골조의 횡변위 성분을 독본의 존재를 고려하여 해석적으로 유도하였다. 이 유도결과를 이용한 사례분석에 의할 때, 독본의 도입에 따른 횡변위 증가율은 2%∼3%(횡강성 감소율로는 1%∼2%) 정도로서 실무적으로 무시할 수 있는 크기로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.427-444
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• 2008

A mathematical model for the nonlinear dynamics of a rotating beam with flexible root attached to a rotating hub with elastic foundation is developed. The model is developed based on the large planar and flexural deformation theory and the potential energy method to account for axial shortening due to bending deformation. In addition the exact nonlinear curvature is used in the system potential energy. The Lagrangian dynamics and the assumed mode method is used to derive the nonlinear coupled equations of motion hub rotation, beam tip deflection and hub horizontal and vertical displacements. The derived nonlinear model is simulated numerically and the results are presented and discussed for the effect of root flexibility, hub stiffness, torque type, torque period and excitation frequency and amplitude on the dynamic behavior of the rotating beam-hub and on its stability.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.513-531
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• 2018

In this article, static, buckling and free vibration analyses of a sinusoidal micro composite beam reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with considering temperature-dependent material properties embedded in an elastic medium in the presence of magnetic field under transverse uniform load are presented. This system is used at micro or sub micro scales to enhance the stiffness of micro composite structures such as bar, beam, plate and shell. In the present work, the size dependent effects based on surface stress effect and modified strain gradient theory (MSGT) are considered. The generalized rule of mixture is employed to predict temperature-dependent mechanical and thermal properties of micro composite beam. Then, the governing equations of motions are derived using Hamilton's principle and energy method. Numerical results are presented to investigate the influences of material length scale parameters, elastic foundation, composite fiber angle, magnetic intensity, temperature changes and carbon nanotubes volume fraction on the bending, buckling and free vibration behaviors of micro composite beam. There is a good agreement between the obtained results by this research and the literature results. The obtained results of this study demonstrate that the magnetic intensity, temperature changes, and two parameters elastic foundations have important effects on micro composite stiffness, while the magnetic field has greater effects on the bending, buckling and free vibration responses of micro composite beams. Moreover, it is shown that the effects of surface layers are important, and observed that the changes of carbon nanotubes volume fraction, beam length-to-thickness ratio and material length scale parameter have noticeable effects on the maximum deflection, critical buckling load and natural frequencies of micro composite beams.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.733-745
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• 2022

This study proposed a robust artificial intelligence (AI) model based on the social behaviour of the imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and artificial neural network (ANN) for modelling the deflection of reinforced concrete beams, abbreviated as ICA-ANN model. Accordingly, the ICA was used to adjust and optimize the parameters of an ANN model (i.e., weights and biases) aiming to improve the accuracy of the ANN model in modelling the deflection reinforced concrete beams. A total of 120 experimental datasets of reinforced concrete beams were employed for this aim. Therein, applied load, tensile reinforcement strength and the reinforcement percentage were used to simulate the deflection of reinforced concrete beams. Besides, five other AI models, such as ANN, SVM (support vector machine), GLMNET (lasso and elastic-net regularized generalized linear models), CART (classification and regression tree) and KNN (k-nearest neighbours), were also used for the comprehensive assessment of the proposed model (i.e., ICA-ANN). The comparison of the derived results with the experimental findings demonstrates that among the developed models the ICA-ANN model is that can approximate the reinforced concrete beams deflection in a more reliable and robust manner.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2013

An optimization work was developed in this work to provide design information for sandwich beam in civil engineering applications. This research is motivated by the wide-range applications of sandwich structures such as; slab, beam, girder, and railway sleeper. The design of a sandwich beam was conducted by using analytical and numerical optimization. Both analytical and numerical procedures consider the optimum design with structure mass objective minimization. Allowable deflection was considered as design constraints. It was found that the optimized core to the skins mass ratio is affected by the skin to core density and elastic modulus ratios. Finally, the optimum core to skin mass ratio cannot be constant for different skin and core materials.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2003

Thermal bubbles find their diverse application areas in the MEMS (MicroElectroMechanial Systems) technology, including bubble jet printers, microactuators, micropumps, etc.. Especially, microactuators and micropumps, which use a microbubble growing by a controlled heat input, frequently involve mechanical and thermal interaction of the bubble with a solid structure, such as a cantilever beam and a membrane. Although the concept is experimentally verified that an internal pressure of the bubble can build up high enough to deflect a thin solid plate or a beam, the physics of the entire process have not yet been thoroughly explored. This work reports the experimental study of the growth of a thermal bubble while deflecting a thin cantilever beam. A physical model is presented to predict the elastic response of the cantilever beam based on the experimental measurements. The scaling law constructed through this work can provide a design guide for micro- and nano-systems that employ a thermal bubble for their actuation/pumping mechanism.

• 오토저널
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1986

Numerical analysis has been made on the dynamic behavior of an elastically supported beam subjected to an axial force and solid viscosity when the frequency of external force passes through the first critical frequency of the beam. Within the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory the solutions are obtained by using finite Fourier sine transform and Laplace transformation methods with respect to space and time variables. Integrations involved in the theoretical results are carried out by Simpson's numerical integration rule. The result shows that the maximum value of the dynamic deflection are much affected by the value of a solid viscosity, an axial force, an elastic constant and ratio of .omega.$_{max}$/.omega.$_{1}$.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.373-383
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• 2006

거푸집용 데크 플레이트를 사용하는 일방향 슬래브는 구조형식상 4변을 강성이 다른 철골보로 지지된 플레이트 요소이지만 일반실무에서는 철근콘크리트구조 설계기준을 적용하여 일정폭을 가진 연속보로 간주하여 근사적인 해석법을 사용하고 있다. 거푸집용 비합성데크 일방향 슬래브를 지지하고 있는 철골보는 지지형태 및 위치에 따라 서로 다른 처짐이 발생되는 탄성지점으로서 지점별로 발생되는 휨모멘트 값큰 차이가 난다. 따라서, 본 연구는 단부의 부동처짐 효과를 고려한 근사해석법상의 휨모멘트 계수를 합리적으로 산정하기 위하여 다양한 해 석모델을 가정하였으며, 해석상의 변수로는 고정하중에 대한 활하중의 비율, 스팬별 활하중의 배열(패턴재하) 및 스팬길이를 고려하였다. 또한 해석방법으로 3차원 플레이트 유한요소해석, 이차원 탄성지점해석, 이차원 무한강성지점해석, 설계기준상의 근사해석을 각각 적용하여 결과값을 비교 분석하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권4A호
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• pp.465-474
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• 2008

일반적으로, 보-기둥 부재로 구성된 강뼈대구조물의 설계는 개별부재의 유효좌굴길이를 고려하여 설계기준에서 제시한 안정성 평가식을 적용하고 있다. 그러나 이 방법은 구조물에서 상대적으로 작은 압축력이 적용되는 부재에서는 유효좌굴길이가 커지는 문제가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 문제를 극복하고자 본 연구에서는 대상 구조물의 초기결함(initial imperfection)을 고려한 2차 탄성해석법을 제시한다. 이 방법은 탄성좌굴 고유치해석으로 산정된 좌굴모드 및 좌굴고유치, 개별부재의 축력을 이용하여, 가장 작은 무차원 세장비를 가진 부재를 선정하고, 그 부재에 대하여 기하적, 재료적인 효과가 고려된 설계기준의 기준강도곡선으로부터 좌굴모드에 대한 증폭량을 산정한다. 이렇게 결정된 증폭량을 대상 구조물의 좌굴모드에 증폭시켜 2차 탄성해석을 수행하고, 개별부재의 안정성을 평가한다. 본 방법의 타당성을 확인하기 위하여, 8층 및 4층으로 이루어진 평면 강뼈대구조물에 적용시키고, 설계기준에서 제시하는 안정성 평가법과 비교한다.