• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.485-492
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• 2009

Estrogen has dramatic effects on the development and function of the reproductive tract in mammals. Although diethylstilbestrol (DES) triggers the development of reproductive organs in immature animals, continued exposure to DES induces dysfunction of the female reproductive tract in mice. To investigate the effects of neonatal estrogen exposure on the reproductive tract of female chickens, we implanted DES pellets into the abdominal region of immature female chicks and then examined the effects of DES on the oviducts of both immature chicks and sexually mature chickens (30 weeks old). DES induced mass growth and differentiation of the oviduct in immature chicks. The chick oviduct increased by 2.7- and 29-fold in length and weight, respectively, following primary DES stimulation. In secondary DES stimulation, the length and weight of the chick oviduct increased by 4.5- and 74-fold, respectively. Additionally, DES treatments caused abnormal development of the infundibulum and magnum in hen oviducts. Furthermore, infundibulum abnormality gave rise to unusual ovulation of follicles and resulted in infertility and dysfunction of the magnum, such as less production of egg white proteins. Our results indicate that DES exposure during early developmental stages in chickens has detrimental effects on the development and maintenance of the female reproductive tract after sexual maturation.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2002

Gametogenesis, reproductive cycle, egg diameter composition and gonad index of the black-lined limpet, Cellana nigrolineata, were histologically examined. Specimens collected from the rocky intertidal zone of Hamdeok, Jeju from July 1997 to June 1998. The black-lined limpet has an unpaired gonad located at the ventro-anterior part, underneath the visceral mass. The gonad index increased from May when water temperature increased and reached maximum in August. It began to decrease from September thereafter, maintain a low value from January to April. The following reproductive cycle were classified based on the monthly changes of the histological features and sizes of oocytes in the gonad: recovery stage (November to April), active stage (March to June), ripe stage (May to October), spent stage (August to December). Spawning occur once a year between September and October. The black-lined limpet appeared to be gonochorism, neither sex change nor hermaphroditie.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.791-798
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• 2016

Free radicals may attack cells or tissue, leading to chronic diseases, and antioxidant consumption is potentially useful for removing free radicals. Egg proteins may be used as potential sources of antioxidant considering their ability of scavenging free radicals to apply for food or cosmetics industry. In this study, we obtained a natural antioxidant protein from fertilized eggs, which was a dietary supplement in some Asian countries. Meanwhile, antioxidant activities of these proteins were evaluated using different oxidation systems. With increasing incubation time, the antioxidant activity of these proteins increased during 15 d of incubation. The samples on day 15 were performed for isolation of antioxidant protein. The protein, named P4-1 (MW, 45 kDa), was isolated and purified by consecutive chromatographic methods. P4-1 contained 17 amino acids, which was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and Amino Acid Analyzer. Moreover, the amino acid sequence was highly similar to that of ovalbumin. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the denaturation temperature of P4-1 was $57.16^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, P4-1 suggested high oxygen radical-absorbance activity in ${\cdot}OH$ assays, and its antioxidant activity was stable at $30-50^{\circ}C$ in acidic and neutral pH. Thus, these results revealed that P4-1 may be a potential resource as a natural antioxidant.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.212-218
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• 1991

Pathogenicity of Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SeMNPV) against the host insect and 8 species of lepidopterous insects and cross infection of baculoviruses to third instar of S. exigua larvae were studied to determine as a biocontrol agent for S. exigua. The median lethal concentrations($LC_{50}$)of the SeMNPV to egg mass was $2.855\times10^5$ PIBs/ml and higher than that to the larvae of S. exigua. Mortality of the SeMNPV in third ins tar larvae was more increased than that in first and fifth instar of S. exigua larvae by 1.16 and 4.11 times, respectively. The median lethal times($LT_{50}$) to $1.56\times10^6$ PIBs/ml was in the range of 4.25 to 5.04 days. Infectivity of the SeMNPV against eight species of lepidopterous insects was showed only in the host insect, S. exigua. Autographa cali/ornica MNPV, Mamestra barassicae MNPV, and Trichoplusia ni MNPV were cross-infected to third instar of S. exigua larvae among ten of baculoviruses tested.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1977.06a
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• pp.7.3-8
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• 1977

In the ENT fields, epidermoid cysts occur infrequently in the oral region and often situated on the floor of the mouth or the submental region. Moreover, epidermoid cyst on the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis occurs rarely. Authors experienced a case of epiglottic epidermoid cyst and treated successfully by transhyoid pharyngotomy approach and marsupialization. It was 46 years old male patient who has been suffered from intermittent sorethroat for 2 years prior to admission, hoarseness for 2 months and dyspnea for 1 month. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed a pigeon egg-sized, round, smooth tumor mass on the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis which had soft consistency on digital examination. Biopsy proved epidermoid cyst. Marsupialization of the cyst by transhyoid pharyngotomy approach was performed and the postoperative course was uneventful.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.351-360
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• 2010

Purpose: As the influence of mass media increases, the general standard of attractiveness or beauty of a face also changes. The primary purpose of the study is to find out the factors of the attractive and beautiful face recognized by public. Methods: We picked out standard model photography and operated with Adobe$^{(R)}$ Photoshop$^{(R)}$ and Monariza$^{(R)}$ virtual plastic surgery program. The contour of face, eye, nose, forehead, zygoma, chin and proportion of upper, middle, lower face were changed. The interview survey was conducted through structured standard photo for 310 respondents. That was utilized in the final analysis. Multiple regression analysis was executed by SPSS 12.0. It was used to deal with statistical data and all the other necessary analysis. Results: According to general characteristics of the respondents, many differences were found in preferred face and facial aesthetic subunits. The younger generation preferred the lozenge and inverted triangle shape contour. The respondents over 40 of age preferred the egg shape contour. In chin and zygoma contour, the respondents at the age of 20 preferred distinctly small chin and relatively small lower face. On the other hand, the respondents over 40 of age preferred the wide zygoma relatively. In the proportion of upper, middle, lower face, 51.0% of respondents answered 1 : 1 : 1. If they want to have an aesthetic operation, they preferred protruding forehead. Also they preferred the small chin and V-shaped chin in frontal view. Conclusion: Many respondents preferred to have a plastic surgery for the better facial subunit. The statistical evidence from this study suggests that the harmony and balance of facial aesthetic subunits make attractive and beautiful face.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.319-329
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• 2022

The paramyxean parasite Marteilioides chungmuensis infects the cytoplasm of the eggs of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas , resulting in spawning failure of the infected females. Such infected eggs appear as bump-like nodules on the body in late fall when most of the uninfected females complete spawning. In this study, we estimated the quantity of the infected eggs using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which is destroyed by M. chungmuensis parasitism. In December, the infected oysters collected from Tongyoung on the south coast exhibited numerous yellowish bump-like nodules as signs of infection. In histology, the infected oysters exhibited mature eggs in the follicle, which were heavily infiltrated by hemocytes. ELISA indicated that the infected egg mass accounted for 7.52±5.50 percent of the body weight, suggesting the ovarian parasite causes substantial reproductive loss. Histology also indicated that the infected oysters are in a poor nutritional condition, as the digestive gland atrophy (DGA) level is comparatively higher than the uninfected oyster. The total carbohydrate contents in the infected oysters (108.68±44.41 mg/g dry wt) were significantly lower than in uninfected oysters (269.76±50.97 mg/g dry wt), suggesting that M. chungmuensis parasitism also affected the energy storage capacity of the host during the resting stage.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.393-407
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• 2022

The effect of Neobacillus sp. JC05 extract on the defense response in cucumber plants against root-knot nematode (RKN) was evaluated. As a result of drench treatment of JC05-extract in cucumber plants, formation of egg mass per plants and disease severity were significantly decreased compared to untreated control plants; the malondialdehyde contents also decreased in JC05-extract treated plants. When eggs of Meloidogyne incognita were inoculated, cucumber plants treated with JC05-extract elevated pathogenesis-related gene expression such as chitinase and lipoxygenase, these are well known as inducing resistance in plants, in addition, peroxidase among antioxidant enzymes was significantly activated. Moreover, the JC05-extract enhanced FDAse activity in soils grown cucumber plants inoculated by eggs of M. incognita. Taken together, these results suggest that the JC05-extract could involve in activation of defense-related mechanisms of cucumber plants and result in decrease of disease occurrence caused by M. incognita.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.230-247
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the association between awareness of having a chronic disease with food habits and dietary quality among 320 male manufacturing workers in their 40s. Participants were categorized into groups. The first group comprised workers who were aware of having chronic diseases (ACD, n=160) and had been diagnosed with any one or more of the following major chronic diseases: Metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. The second group comprised those who had experienced none of the above diseases were classified as a group of people who were a ware of not having chronic diseases (ANCD, n=160). The mean age of the subjects was 44.2 years. The mean weight (P<0.001) and body mass index (BMI; P<0.01) were significantly higher in the ACD than in the ANCD group. The frequency of alcohol consumption and the number of current smokers were not significantly different between the two groups. Dietary attitudes were not significantly different between the two groups. The frequency of egg consumption was significantly higher in the ACD group (P<0.05). Picky eating, vegetable intake, checking nutrition labels, and healthy eating behavior were not significantly different between the two groups. The frequency of exercise was significantly lower in the ACD group compared to the ANCD group (P<0.05). The mean nutrition quotient (NQ) score was 51.9, with no significant difference between the two groups. Based on these results, the awareness of suffering from chronic diseases was not significantly related to dietary attitudes, food habits, and overall dietary quality among production workers. Therefore, there is a need to develop and implement nutrition education programs to inculcate an awareness of health status that can lead to dietary changes.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.285-293
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• 2008

Vitellogenin (Vg) is the precursor of vitellin (Vn), the major yolk protein of teleost fishes. In this study, Vg and Vn proteins of the Korean bullhead Pseudobagrus fulvidraco were isolated using gel-filtration chromatography (Sephadex-G 200 column) and anion-exchange chromatography (Mono Q HR 5/5 column), respectively. Purified Vn with an estimated molecular mass of 360 kDa by gel filtration chromatography was obtained from ovarian egg, and it was composited to one major subunit with an estimated molecular mass of 107 kDa by SDS-PAGE. In the result of western blotting, one major band was detected using antiserum against Vn (anti-Vn). These results suggested that Vn was composed of three subunits having the same molecular weight in Pseudobagrus fulvidraco. Vg was induced by estradiol-$17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) and purified from $E_2$ treated male serum. The molecular weight of whole Vg was estimated to be 450 kDa by gel filtration chromatography, and it is composed of three subunits with estimated molecular masses of 110 kDa, 125 kDa and 147 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. In the Ouchterlony's immunodiffusion test using anti-Vn and antiserum against female and male serum, purified Vg was detected in matured female and Ez treated male serum but not in untreated male. These results can be used in detecting estrogenic contamination of the aquatic environment.