• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.46-57
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the elements of virtuous cycle to lay a foundation for the coevolution of corporations and communities based on the entrepreneurship and social capital of social enterprises. The study first set out to add the pursuit of social goals to the components of entrepreneurship, namely innovation, progressive spirit, and risk sensitivity and categorized social capital into structural, cognitive, and relational capital. The study set six hypotheses and performed correlation and regression analysis to empirically analyze mediator effect of social capital in relationship between entrepreneurship and social enterprise performance. The findings were summarized as follows: First, relational capital had full mediated effect between entrepreneurship and economic performance of social enterprise. Second, relational capital had full mediated effect between entrepreneurship and social performance of social enterprise.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.731-738
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• 2015

Nematode infection in the epithelial tissue of cultured rockfish Sebastes schlegeli was first reported in 2012. Since then, nematode infections have caused serious economic losses in rockfish aquaculture on the west coast of Korea. Taxonomic and life cycle information for this parasite are currently unknown. In this study, 18S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes were used for molecular identification and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the invisible stages of this parasite. Nucleotide sequences of the 18S rRNA of the rockfish nematode showed 98% identity with that of Philometra morii. Therefore, this rockfish nematode was classified to the Philometridae family. However, we could not identify it to genus level using 18S rRNA. Its COI nucleotide sequences shared 85% and 82% identities with those of Bursaphelenchus sinensis and Philometra overstreeti, respectively. In addition, two gene-specific primer sets were designed based on the 18S rRNA gene to detect the intermediate host and nematode larvae. These primers were specific to this rockfish nematode without cross-reacting to other pathogens. The detection limit of the PCR assay using these primers was 1,000 copies of nematoda plasmid DNA. Therefore, the PCR assay described here is suitable for the detection of nematode DNA within rockfish. In addition, this PCR assay could be used to detect nematode larvae and the intermediate host.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2010

The European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) was transposed into Irish law by Statutory Instrument Nos. 722 of 2003, 413 of 2005 and 218 of 2009, which set out a new strategy and process to protect and enhance Ireland's water resources and water-dependent ecosystems. The Directive requires a novel, holistic, integrated, and iterative process to address Ireland's natural waters based on a series of six-year planning cycles. Key success factors in implementing the Directive include an in-depth and balanced treatment of the ecological, economic, institutional and cultural aspects of river basin management planning. Introducing this visionary discipline for the management of sustainable water resources requires a solemn commitment to a new mindset and an overarching monitoring and management regime which hitherto has never been attempted in Ireland. The WFD must be implemented in conjunction with a myriad of complimentary directives and associated legislation, addressing such key related topics as flood/drought management, biodiversity protection, land use planning, and water/wastewater and diffuse pollution engineering and regulation. The critical steps identified for river basin management planning under the WFD include: 1) characterization and classification of water bodies (i.e., how healthy are Irish waters?), 2) definition of significant water pressures (e.g., agriculture, forestry, septic tanks), 3) enhancement of measures for designated protected areas, 4) establishment of objectives for all surface and ground waters, and 5) integrating these critical steps into a comprehensive and coherent river basin management plan and associated programme of measures. A parallel WFD implementation programme critically depends on an effective environmental management system (EMS) approach with a plan-do-check-act cycle applied to each of the evolving six-year plans. The proactive involvement of stakeholders and the general public is a key element of this EMS approach.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-25
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• 2004

In knowledge-based economy where the human capital has an strong compatibilities, the life cycle of technologies and skills get shorter, and the mobility of labor get greater, the role of the signal system of qualifications have greater importance. This article used the KLIPS(Korean Labor Institute Panel Study) data, and analysed the factors of the acquisition of qualifications and the employment and wage effects of the acquisition of qualifications by fixed effects logit model and random effects model. The lower school stratification acquired the more qualifications, and in the case of men the unemployed one acquired the more qualifications. The employment effects of the acquisition of qualifications are significant at first year and second year in women, but the men's of the employment effects of acquisition of qualifications are not significant. The wage effects of the acquisition of qualifications are not significant. The results of the regression suggest that in Korea the signal system of qualifications do not working, and that the qualifications in Korea need to reform.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

Recently, concrete track is replacing ballast track for efficient and economic maintenance of track. It considerably offer less maintenance, a longer service life and reduced life-cycle costs. With the aim of achieving high-quality track construction work, of developing tools for quality assurance in new construction and for later technical inspection of material condition, a quality strategy has to be developed. For these purpose, NDT which is using the seismic wave has carried out in situ studies in the test construction section. The used NDT are SASW test, impact echo test and continuous impact echo test. The test is performed 5,353 times on 49 pre-cast concrete track panels to verify the stiffness structure and grouting efficiency of the track structure. To conclude, because of the non-homogeneous characteristic of concrete material. it is restricted to apply the elastic wave test at some aspect. However it is possible to acquisite a sufficient reliability about structural stiffness and grouting efficiency of concrete track.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.97-131
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• 2005

This paper has discussed several issues regarding the barriers and opportunities for technological catch-up by the late-comer countries and firms. As one of the barriers to technological catch-up, the paper emphasizes the uncertainty involved with the third stage of learning how to design. The barriers arise because as the forerunner firms refuse to sell or give license to successful catching-up firms who thus have to design the product by themselves. The paper discusses how to overcome this barrier. It also notes that if the crisis of design technology is a push factor for leapfrogging, arrival of new techno-economic paradigm can serve as a pull factor for leapfrogging, serving as a winder of opportunity. The, it emphasized the two risks with leapfrogging, namely the risk of choosing right technology or standards and the risk of creating initial markets, and how to overcome these risks. It discusses how to overcome these risks in leapfrogging, and differentiates diverse forms of knowledge accesses. Then, the paper takes up the issue of whether there can be a single common or several models for catch-up. A common element of catching-up is to enter new markets segments quickly, to manufacture with high levels of engineering excellence, and to be first-to-market by means of the best integrative designs. This observation is supported by the fact that Korea and Taiwan has achieved higher levels of technological capabilities in such sectors as featured by short cycle time of technology. The possibility of two alternative models for catch-up is also discussed in terms of the key difference between Korean and Taiwan, especially in the position toward the source of foreign knowledge and the paths taken toward the final goal of OBM. Taiwan followed the sequential steps of OEM, ODM and OBN, in collaboration or integration with the MNCs. Korean chaebols jumped from OEM directly to OBM even without consolidating design technology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.27-34
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• 2010

Recently, high-speed railway systems have gained increased interest as a means of environmental friendly transportation, and numerous bridges for high-speed railways have been constructed accordingly. However, bridge design for high-speed railways requires more consideration than conventional railway design because fast-moving trains will lead to significant impact on bridge structures. Thus, this research proposes a revised design considering both bridge-rail longitudinal interaction and dynamic effect of trains to ensure stability of fast travelling trains. To validate the proposed design algorithm, numerical analyses are performed and compared using a constructed 250 m long bridge with 5 spans for a high-speed railway. From the numerical results, the proposed optimum design of high-speed railway bridges exhibits the most economic life-cycle-cost (LCC) when compared with several existing design approaches.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2017

BIM(building information modeling) has been actively applied to construction industries and to maximize its application through the life cycle of structure, various relevant technologies have been proposed. In particular, 4D sequencing management and 5D cost-related management were introduced as an improved version of the design review and interface control by 3D information design. On the other hand, the virtual construction using virtual construction equipment can sophisticatedly handle capacity, dynamic movement, collision boundaries of actual construction machines but it still stays at a low level in a technical sense. In this study, simulation systems based on BIM involving virtual construction equipment have been developed; then it is applied to the actual construction project to evaluate the safety and efficiency of construction equipments. It was confirmed that the simulation systems can be utilized to construct virtual construction site by using an effective 3D library of construction equipment and can plays a key role to secure construction safety and economic feasibility. Specifically, the simulation system are very useful for decision making by construction managers to select the optimum equipment and construction method with a better understanding for safety and cost-saving.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.276-285
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• 2009

Despite great commercial interest, relatively little has been described about molecular mechanism of bivalve reproduction. We investigated genes involved in ovarian maturation of the Yesso scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis. GSI index and histological analysis revealed that maturation of ovary begin in February and spawning period is from April to June which is similar to the previous study in the East Sea. As result of combination analysis of differential display RTPCR (DDRT-PCR) and histological examination, vitellogenin (Vg), ferritin (Ft) and ADT/ATP carrier protein (ACC) were identified as differently expressed genes in maturating ovary. Endpoint RT-PCR results showed that Vg is ovary-specific genes whereas Ft and ACC are expressed ubiquitously suggesting that Vg can be good molecular markers for ovarian development and sex determination in bivalves. Quantitative PCR results revealed that Vg were expressed highest during growth stage and appears to play a major role in oocyte maturation. On the contrary, expression of Ft was highest after spawning stage, which suggests that up-regulation may be involved in spawning and inactive stages in which the scallops recover from spawning. In addition, high level of the mitochondrial gene, ACC, may play a role in energy metabolism in maturating oocytes. Isolation and molecular studies of these key genes will expand our knowledge of the physiological changes from various exogenous factors including temperature, salinity, pH, even or numerous endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during reproductive cycle. In addition, further study of these genes implicates various industrial applications including the stable seed production, increased food quality, or economic aquaculture system.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.620-631
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• 2001

Purpose: Fatigue is one of the most common complaints of cancer patients. In this study, we analyzed the change of fatigue level and general symptoms as time go by, so that, we could explain more on the mechanism and change of fatigue in relation with treatment, and explore the influencing factors. Method: The subjects of this study were 50 GI cancer patients who have visited the cancer center of A hospital in Suwon. We measured fatigue by using the Revised Piper Fatigue Scale(RPFS) at the time of starting and finishing induction chemotherapy, and starting the 2nd cycle of chemotherapy. Results: 1) The fatigue score was 2.81, 3.73, and 3.82 in a 10 point scale at the time of starting and finishing induction chemotherapy, and starting the 2nd chemotherapy, respectively. This means fatigue persisted until after the treatment. 2) Fifty two percent of participants complained of some kinds of symptoms when starting the treatment, and the proportion increased up to 92% when finishing the treatment. 3) Fatigue scores were significantly high in patients with fatigue-related symptoms than for patients without those symptoms. 4) Fatigue scores showed significant differences according to patients' general characteristics such as age, educational level, economic status, occupation, diagnosis, hematocrit, weight, and amount of sleepy. Conclusion: We have to develop intervention strategies to reduce fatigue in cancer patients in the consideration of influencing factors.