• 대순사상논총
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• 제30집
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• pp.95-130
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• 2018

구원론은 종교가 제시하는 치유, 해방, 구원 등의 교리체계로 인간의 실존적 고통을 보상하고 해결하고자 하는 신념체계이다. 본 연구는 한국 신종교 중 하나인 대순진리회의 구원론을 살펴보아 그 교리체계를 이해하며 그 특성을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 대순사상의 구원론의 증산의 천지공사론과 밀접한 관련을 맺는다. 천지공사론은 지고신인 증산께서 인간의 몸으로 화현하여 세계와 창생을 구하기 위한 종교적 작업을 하였다는 교리체계이다. 또 대순사상의 구원론은 증산-정산-우당으로 계승되는 종통론과 연결되어 있다. 증산의 구원의 작업은 정산에 이르러 수행법으로 체계화 되고 우당에 이르러 구현된다. 곧 대순진리회의 신도들은 증산의 유지와 정산께서 세우신 진법 그리고 우당의 인도하심에 따라 수행할 때 도통에 이를 수 있다고 신앙한다. 이러한 대순사상의 구원론은 기존의 종교전통과는 다른 독특한 차별점을 지니고 있다. 첫째, 인격적 지고신에 의한 구원을 제시한다는 특성을 보인다. 둘째, 증산께서 우주 법칙을 변화시켜 세계와 창생이 구원될 수 있는 기틀을 마련하셨다는 점이다. 마지막으로 원한을 푸는 해원의 원리를 통해 세계와 창생을 구원한다는 논리이다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제39권
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• pp.241-286
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• 2015

This study explores how folktales' motifs are used in diverse cultural contents such as literature, movies, or comics. More precisely, it is concerned with mysterious characters like Babayaga and Koshchei who appear in Russian fairytales. When the motifs of the reviewed literature are analyzed, the following three criteria are used for classification: New Writing, Rewriting, and New Version. Or course, it is New Writing that is far from the original work. Most of the collected works, including Joan Aiken's The Kingdom Under the Sea, Patricia Polacco's Babushka's Doll, Babushka Baba Yaga, and Tai?-Marc Le Thanh's BABAYAGA, belong to New Writing. The New Writing type mainly focuses on Babayaga's secluded life. In fairytales, Babayaga is depicted as the goddess of Mother Earth, the heroine of the Nature, or the ruler of the Animal Kingdom. That is why she lives in the deep and uninhabited wood. She is related to the Coming of Age ceremony. Her 'Hut on hen's legs' is an obstacle for immature protagonists to face before they come of age. Protagonists are supposed to solve the problems posed by Babayaga. If they succeed, they can get her magical help so as to complete their final mission. Babayaga is likely to appear as their antagonist. Protagonist may be subjected to a terrible ordeal created by Babayaga, and then come of age by recovering from that ordeal. Sometimes, Babayaga helps protagonists to get a grip on reality. That is why she lives in a hut in the deep and dark forest which is on the borderline between life and death. On the other hand, Marianna Mayer's Baba Yaga and Vasilisa the Brave has been classified as a controversial work between New Writing and Rewriting. It is apparently closer to New Version. However, it cannot be classified as a work of New Version because the author incorporates 'probability' into her work. Among the reviewed works, it is Korean Writer Rye, Kami's The Spider Woman's House that best reflects the essence of Babayaga. Babayaga and other characters are amusing in movies because most of the movies are animations for children. In one sense, it is positive that the scary characters in folktales are approachable to children. In other sense, however, it is regrettable that symbolic motifs are completely eliminated. In Mike Mignola's Hellboy, Japanese animations such as Index or Narutaru, on-line games such as Cabal or Vampire: The masquerade, the essence of the supernatural characters in folktales is completely eliminated, and only their 'belligerent power' stands out. It is desirable to put stories into perspective whether they are written or told. The literature property of folktales provides a special opportunity to readers. In this light, a variety of motifs have a good reason to be reborn as modern cultural contents. The bottom line is to maintain its true nature.

• 대순사상논총
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• 제22권
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• pp.345-385
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• 2014

The object of this thesis is to consider the meaning of sincerity(誠), reverence(敬) and faith(信) through Cha gyungseok's historical record. Cha gyungseok(車京石, 1880-1936) is a key disciple of Kang Jeungsan Sangjenim(姜甑山, 1871~1909) to whom Cha kyungseok has begun to follow since 1907, completing his wandering around Yeonghak-gye(英學契), Iljin-hoe(一進會) and Cheondo-gyo(天道敎) after the loss of his father[Cha Jikoo(車致九), 1851-1894] in Tonghak peasants revolution. To examine the meaning of sincerity, reverence and faith as cardinal points in Daesoonjinrihoe(大巡眞理會) creed, this research has taken note of Cha kyungseok's sincerity, reverence and faith who is said to be thought of himself as a head of Reconstruction Work for the Tonghak spitit's resolution of grievances, despite the Sangjenim's intention of using him for different usage due to his sincerity, reverence and faith. Especially, emphasis was given to the illumination of Cha gyungseok's change of sincerity, reverence and faith through closely reviewing his life prior to the encounter with Sangjenim, the process of following Sangjenim and his whereabouts after the ascension of Sangjenim. In addition, through Jeonkyeong(典經), this research also examines Cha kyeong seok's sincerity, reverence and faith along with his ambition contained in that sincerity, reverence and faith. Up to his ascension, Sangjenim has never saved his advice on Cha gyungseok's ambition. Leaving Sangjenim's advice behind, Cha gyungseok moves on to become a head of the Reconstruction Work for the Tonghak spitit's resolution of grievances without deserting the dream of being the Son of Heaven. Although, he showed his prowess as a religious sect leader called Bocheon-gyo boasting its 6 million believers and as a provisional emperor of the country named Sikuk, he ends his life as a head for the Resolution of grievances of kings, princes, generals and premiers due to the change of faith on Sangjenim and interruption of Japanese Imperial Government, without accomplishing his dream. The feature of past disciples suggests the direction of cultivation for our cultivators. Through Cha gyungseok's sincerity, reverence and faith, we could look back upon the meaning of sincerity, reverence and faith and conclude that a real sincerity, reverence and faith is the heart-mind trying to participate in Reconstruction Work of Heaven and Earth with a pure mind, contrary to the one coming out of greed.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권4D호
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• pp.595-601
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• 2011

고속철도 기본계획단계에서 노반공사의 토공사 공사비 추정은 단위길이당 공사비(원/km)를 활용하고 있다. 이 단가는 과거자료를 기준으로 한 산술평균으로 오차가 클 수 있으며, 기본설계 단계 등 다음단계의 견적과 연계성이 부족한 단점이 있다. 본 연구는 철도연장에 토공사의 기술적 특성인 지질조건을 추가하는 매개변수 기반 개략공사비 산정모델을 제시한다. 데이터분석은 회귀분석법을 적용하였으며, 독립변수는 길이, 지질(토사, 풍화암, 연암, 경암) 구성 비율이고, 36개 공구 실적공사비를 참조하였다. 개발된 모델은 실적공사비와 비교한 결과 -0.4% ~ +31% 범위로 나타나, 전형적 범위인 -30% ~ +50% 이내이므로 유효한 것으로 판정한다. 본 모델은 공사비 영향의 주요요인인 길이에 기술적 특성인 지질요건을 추가함으로써 공사비 산정결과의 신뢰도 향상을 꾀함으로써 단계별 효과적 총사업비관리, 재정지출 감소 및 사업의 경제성 확보에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.124-143
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• 2010

Cofferdam is a temporary levee or dam structure built by using sheet pile or earth materials to prevent water infiltration during construction work of bridge, dam, harbour dock, or hydraulic structures in the river. In this regard, it is required to secure cutoff ability for dry work and workability for rapid installation and removal of the temporary dam or levee structures. In this paper, case studies for design and construction of cofferdam were performed, and water diversion method was briefed with some examples of cofferdam type as well. For the case study details of design and construction were reviewed based on cofferdams under construction related to 16 submerged weirs of "The 4-river restoration project" and dam type cofferdam respectively. From the review, it was known that the method for changing the water flow is selected based on the data from geological and geo-hydraulic site investigation in order to mitigate environmental effects by making sure if the design cross-sectional area of flow and maximum working days are sufficiently guaranteed. Finally, the primary findings and main conclusion derived are summarized that determination of applicable type of cofferdam should be checked by case study and meet design requirements such as water inflow control, constructability.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2017

Many construction accidents can be lead to a death occurring at construction sites. These are considerably due to potentially-hazardous equipment and machine or unexpected collapsion at earth work due to land slide and so on. Almost 50% of the total death and injury, occurred in construction sites in 2015. 66% of those serious accidents are due to falling occurring from construction sites when they work. Therefore, causes and recommendations of each accident should be deeply thought and analysed The indirect causes are directly related to safe consciousness of the construction workers. Actually, their safety consciousness are not high, even very low, it is thought. Questionnaire survey sheets have been distributed to Seoul, Incheon, and Gyunggi-Do area, first. And then, the authors have collected those directly at sites, in order to increase collection rate of the sheets. The totally, collected sheets are 295 sheets. And, they are analysed using SPSS version 19 package program. Workers internal consciousness has been investigated and reviewed and analysed by statistical method such as frequency rate, crossed, and correlated analysis. And finally the conclusions for the above analyses are as follows; Heavy weight worth a crew of more than two workers should be necessarily considered for the advanced safety plan and needed for making a highly potential hazard group at construction sites. Safety consciousness, earing p.p.e, workman ship should be mainly considered for investing safety costs with an aspect of human factor.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2011

건설현장에서 구조물 시공시 흙막이는 터파기 기초보호와 작업공간을 제공하는 역할을 한다. 흙막이 공사는 지반 굴착, 지하수 처리, 파일링, 버팀보 설치 등 복잡한 토공사 공정을 가진다. 토공사의 성격상 지반 여건 등 주위 환경의 변화에 따라서 다양한 응력변화가 발생되고, 이러한 변화가 주어진 설계한도를 벗어나면 인명사고를 동반한 붕괴사고로 이어질 수 있다. 이와 같은 이유로 구조물 기초공사에서 붕괴사고는 건설공사시 가장 주의해야 할 분야 중 하나이다. 본 논문은 흙막이 시공시 안전을 향상시키기 위한 USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network) 기반의 데이터 획득 시스템을 제시한다. USN 기반의 데이터 획득 시스템은 초음파 센서를 활용하여 흙막이에 대한 변위를 분석하고, USN 기술이 제공하는 실시간 데이터 송수신 기능을 활용하여 원격으로 흙막이 벽체의 안정 상태를 지속적으로 관찰하고, 필요시 적절하게 대응하도록 지원한다. 연구효과를 검증하기 위하여 센서와 USN 기술을 접합하여 흙막이 벽체의 변위실험을 진행했으며, 검증결과 USN 기반 데이터 획득 시스템은 변위 데이터를 측정하여 흙막이 시공시 안전성을 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 1994

다이오드 레이저를 optogalvanic spectroscopy에 이용하여 우라늄, 토륨 및 루비듐에 대한 전자전이 및 다이오드 레이저의 분광학적 특성을 살펴보았다. 흡수스펙트럼의 분석은 속빈 음극관내 음극표면에서 튕김에 의해 형성된 고온의 금속원자 기체를 다이오드 레이저를 이용하여 금속원자의 광흡수 현상에 따른 임피던스의 변화를 측정함으로써 수행되었다. 다이오드 레이저를 사용하여 자연산 악티늄족 원소인 토륨과 우라늄의 검출을 수행하였다. 본 실험에 이용된 optogalvanic spectroscopy에서는 Doppler효과로 인한 띠 나비에 제한이 있어 초미세 갈라짐이나 동위원소 선이동을 관찰하는데 어려움이 있었다. 하지만 루비듐 780.023 nm에서는 Doppler 띠 넓힘이 있음에도 불구하고 동위원소의 선이동과 초미세 갈라짐을 관찰할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 다이오드 레이저가 방사능을 지닌 악티늄족 원소들의 검출과 이들의 동위원소 존재비를 측정할 때 유용하고, 별로 알려지지 않은 란탄족 및 악티늄족의 초미세 갈라짐 상수와 같은 분광학적으로 중요한 파라미터를 구하는데에도 긴요하게 쓰일 수 있음을 고찰하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

According to the statistics publication of KOSHA, more than half of serious accidents at the construction sites were related to the temporary works and/or the temporary structures such as scaffoldings, shores, earth retaining walls, etc. The structural failures are occurred because of the overload acting on the structures or lack of performance of the one or more members of the structures. For the prevention of the collapse accidents relating to the temporary structures at the construction sites, we have to control construction processes not to occur the overload and also to control the performance and quality of each member of the temporary structures. MOLIT has amended the "Construction Technology Promotion Act" on Jan. 7th, 2015 to ensure the structural safety of the temporary structures. According to the Act, the designers of the construction design projects should check the structural integrity of the structures including the temporary structures and the construction companies have to let 'the Relative Professionals' confirm the structural integrity of temporary structures, the shores(${\geq}5m$ high) and the scaffolds(${\geq}31m$ high), before construction. Also, MOLIT has amended the "Regulation for Construction Technology Promotion Act" on Jul. 4th, 2016 for quality management and testing of temporary equipments. According th this regulation, the construction companies and supervisors should manage and test the temporary equipments before using them. In this paper, the standard drawings of the shores(< 5 m high) and the scaffolds(< 31 m high) and the amended "Business Guideline for Quality Management of Construction Work" are presented. As the result of this study, MOLIT noticed the amended "Business Guideline for Quality Management of Construction Work" on Jul. 1st, 2017.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.2182-2189
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• 2004

In the recent years, environmentally conscious design and manufacturing technologies have attracted considerable attention. The coolants, lubricants, solvents, metallic chips and discarded tools from manufacturing operations will harm our environment and the earth's ecosystem. In the present work, the Tukey method of multiple comparisons is used to select the minimum level of coolant required in a turning process. The amount of coolant is varied in 270 designed experiments and the parameters cutting temperature, surface roughness, and specific cutting energy are carefully evaluated. The effects of coolant mix ratio as well as the amount of coolant on the turning process are studied in the present work. The cutting temperature and surface roughness for different quantity of coolant are investigated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) - test and a multiple comparison method. ANOVA-test results signify that the average tool temperature and surface roughness depend on the amount of coolant. Based on Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) method, one of the multiple comparison methods, the minimum level of coolant is 1.0 L/min with 2% mix ratio in the aspect of controlling tool temperature. F-test concludes that the amount of coolant used does not have any significant effect on specific cutting energy. Finally, Tukey method ascertains that 0.5 L/min with 6% mix ratio is the minimum level of coolant required in turning process without any serious degradation of the surface finish. Considering all aspects of cutting, the minimum coolant required is 1.0 L/min with 6% mix ratio. It is merely half the coolant currently used i.e. 2.0 L/min with 10% mix ratio. Minimal use of coolant not only economically desirable for reducing manufacturing cost but also it imparts fewer hazards to human health. Also, sparing use of coolant will eventually transform the turning process into a more environment-conscious manufacturing process.