• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.194-201
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• 2021

Amputation changes the lives of patients and their families. Consequently, the patient must adapt to altered body function and image. During this adaptation process, psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder, can occur. The psychological difficulties of patients with amputation are often accepted as normal responses that are often poorly recognized by patients, family members, and their primary physicians. Psychological problems can interfere with rehabilitation and cause additional psychosocial problems. Therefore, their early detection and treatment are important. A multidisciplinary team approach, including mental health professionals, is ideal for comprehensive and biopsychosocial management. Mental health professionals could help patients set realistic goals and use adaptive coping styles. Psychiatric approaches should consider the physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and spiritual functions and social support systems before and after amputation. The abilities and limitations of physical, cognitive, psychological, and social functions should also be considered. To improve the patient's adaptation, psychological interventions such as short-term psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness meditation, biofeedback, and group psychotherapy can be helpful.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2021

Purpose: This study confirmed the effects of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) on fasting blood glucose (FBS) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in adults without diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The subjects were 4,659 adults (≥ 20 years), and data were extracted from the 6th National Health and Nutrition Survey 2015 (KNHANES VI-3). The subject's data were analyzed using a complex sample t-test, χ²-test, and multiple logistic regression analysis (SPSS 24.0). Results: The incidence of the high FBS group was increased 1.60 times in males with a WC ≥ 90 cm and 1.78 times in females with a WC ≥ 85 cm. The incidence of the high HbA1c group was increased 1.54 times in those who were overweight and 2.22 times in those who were obese. The incidence of the high HbA1c group was increased 1.99 times in males with a WC ≥ 90 cm and 1.87 times in females with a WC ≥ 85 cm. Conclusion: This study presented evidence that interventions for BMI and WC should be included in DM prevention programs. It also suggested that these findings can be utilized for early detection of DM.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2021

Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years old worldwide, and is the most common cause of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. In Rwanda, diarrhea is the third leading cause of death in children under 5 years old. This study examined the association between sociodemographic factors and diarrhea in children under 5 years using the data of 7,474 households in the 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Overall prevalence of diarrhea in this study was 12.7% in children. An increased risk for diarrhea was found for children aged 12-23 months (odds ratio (OR)=4.514), those with a low economic status (OR=1.64), those from the Western province (OR=1.439), those with poorly-educated mothers (OR=5.163), and those with families engaged in agricultural activities (OR=1.624). In conclusion, sociodemographic factors significantly affect the risk of developing diarrhea in children under 5 years in Rwanda. Designing and implementing health education promoting awareness of early interventions and rotavirus vaccination are essential to reduce diarrheal diseases for the Rwandan community.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2021

Purpose: Xerostomia is subjective feeling of dry mouth. It is complicated and multifactorial, which burdens clinicians in diagnosis and treatment of the problem. The goal of this study was to discuss the clinical importance of salivary flow rate, pH and subjective symptoms for evaluating oral dryness among young healthy male subjects. Methods: Thirty male participants were recruited in this study (mean age±standard deviation of 25.70±1.84). All participants completed 'Xerostomia Inventory' to measure subjective oral dryness scores. Unstimulated saliva and stimulated saliva were collected from each participant twice a day at 12:00 pm and 5:00 pm, using spitting method. Salivary flow rates and pH were measured immediately after collection. Relationship between objective and subjective measurements were analyzed. Results: There were excellent intra-examiner reliability for salivary flow rate and pH and good internal consistency for Xerostomia Inventory. Objective measurements and subjective symptoms did not exhibit positive association. Salivary flow rate in unstimulated and stimulated condition showed positive association and also for salivary pH. Stimulated salivary flow rate also presented positive correlation with stimulated salivary pH. Conclusions: Comprehensive assessment of objective measurements and subjective symptoms may be complimentary for assessing oral dryness, which would assist in implementing early interventions to improve patient's quality of life.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.309-322
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of Korean preschool children. Methods: Subjects for the study were recruited using the convenience sampling method. A total of 162 mothers with preschool children aged 3 to 5 years participated in the study using a self-reported questionnaire and provided data regarding the frequency and quantum of the children's sugar-sweetened beverage consumption days in a week and the factors associated with such consumption. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the factors associated with the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of preschool children. Results: Among the children-specific factors, age (β=.13, p=.015) was positively associated, while fruits/vegetable consumption (β=-.22, p<.001) was negatively associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of the preschool children. Among the mother-specific factors, fruits/vegetable consumption of mothers was negatively associated (β=-.16, p=.006), while the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of the mothers was positively associated with the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of the preschool children (β=.27, p<.001). In addition, the maternal restrictive feeding style was negatively associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of preschool children (β=-.23, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on these results, interventions targeted at children, parents, and the family environment should be developed to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in early childhood.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2022

Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1; OMIM #231670) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited neurometabolic disorder caused by the deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Infantile-onset GA1 is the most common form characterized by striatal injury and progressive movement disorder, and it is often triggered by an acute encephalopathic crisis within the first three years of life. Once this crisis occurs, there is a high likelihood for ineffective or limited conventional interventions, neurological disorders, or even death. Therefore, early diagnosis and immediate preventive management, such as dietary therapy, is essential. In the past decades, newborn screening (NBS) by tandem mass spectrometry for GA1 has been largely introduced in many countries including Korea, and it has led to improvements in the neurological outcomes of patients with GA1. In this review, the clinical symptoms, natural histories, and outcomes before and after the introduction of NBS in patients are discussed.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of sleep quality, rehabilitation motivation, depression, and anxiety on quality of life in occupational accident patients. Methods: The participants were 138 patients who in and outpatient treatment at a hospital affiliated with the Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare-service Hospital located in Daegu and Daejeon. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: Quality of life had a significant negative correlation with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety, respectively, but had a significant positive correlation with rehabilitation motivation. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that anxiety was a major factor affecting the quality of life of occupational accident patients. Anxiety showed 42.7% of explanatory power for the quality of life of occupational accident patients. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, in order to improve the quality of life of patients with occupational accidents, psychological interventions for anxiety should be provided first in the early stage of treatment.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.5-16
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a motivational enhancement therapy (MET) for coronary artery disease (CAD) patients in early stages of health behavior change and evaluate its effects on health motivation, the stages of change, health behaviors, and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: Using a non-equivalent control pre-post design, the study was conducted on 42 CAD patients who underwent medical treatment or percutaneous coronary interventions in a hospital. The intervention group (n=21) received the MET (MET 1 during admission, MET 2 after discharge via telephone). The control group (n=21) received a standard care. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2-test$ and t-test with the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Participants in the intervention group reported significantly increased scores of health motivation (t=-2.093, p=.043), the stages of change (t=-5.682, p<.001), and health behaviors (t=-3.069, p=.004) and significantly decreased scores of cardiovascular risk factors (t=2.131, p=.039) compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the MET is an effective intervention in improving health behaviors and decreasing cardiovascular risk factors for CAD patients.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.32-42
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between obesity and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in Korean adults without cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: The subjects were 3,634 adults, and data were extracted from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-3). A complex sampling design analysis was applied to reflect the stratified and clustered weights. The data were analyzed using the complex sample Rao-Scott chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis (in SPSS for Windows version 26.0). Obesity, according to body mass index (BMI), was defined as obesity (BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m²), high obesity (BMI = 30-34.9 kg/m²), and super-high obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m²), and abdominal obesity (AO) was defined as a waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90 cm in males and WC ≥ 85 cm in females. Results: The odds ratios for moderate CVD risk (hs-CRP; 1-3 mg/dL) were 2.21, 4.16, and 7.13 in the obesity, high obesity, and super-high obesity groups, respectively, compared to the normal BMI group. The odds ratio for moderate CVD risk was 2.18 in males with AO and 1.88 in females with AO. The odds ratios for high CVD risk (hs-CRP > 3 mg/L) were 4.40 and 17.55 in the high obesity and super-high obesity groups, respectively, compared to the normal BMI group. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that early detection and prevention programs for CVD should include obesity-related interventions aiming to modulate hs-CRP.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.280-289
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated weight status in survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and identified related factors. Methods: A retrospective review of the electronic medical records of survivors of childhood ALL (n=230) was conducted. We analyzed the survivors' characteristics, including sex, age, weight status at diagnosis, central nervous system involvement, risk classification, length of treatment, radiation therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Analysis of variance and the chi-squared test were applied to investigate influencing factors. Results: The weight status distribution was as follows: 23 individuals (10.0%) were classified as underweight, 151 individuals (65.7%) were healthy weight, and 56 individuals (24.3%) were overweight/obese. Age at diagnosis (F=10.03, p<.001), weight status at diagnosis (x²=43.41, p<.001), and risk classification (F=10.98, p=0.027) showed significant differences among the weight status groups. Survivors who were older at diagnosis and those in the very high-risk category had a higher likelihood of experiencing underweight status during their survivorship, while survivors who were overweight/obese at diagnosis were more likely to remain overweight/obese at the time of survival. Conclusion: Considering the potential health implications related to an unhealthy weight status in survivors of ALL, it is imperative to undertake early identification and implement interventions for at-risk individuals.