• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.745-766
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• 2017

Students' creative ability has become the one of important educational goals recently. Beliefs that students can grow intellectually is a key principle in creativity education. In recently, researchers have focused on learners' failure as a way for promoting creativity in schools. They start look into the ways in which learning failures are connected to creativity. Recent studies such as Kapur(2008) demonstrated that learners' failure experiences enable students to create novel solutions to solve problems to go beyond memorizing facts or knowledge. This paper discussed strategies that students or teachers can utilize learning failures to produce positive educational outcomes and also suggested some caveats when learning failures are introduced to a classroom. Specifically, learners should avoid any pre-existing frames of thoughts to create new alternatives to solve problems. Second, teachers or students should be allowed to explore content areas freely without having any risks of academic punishment. In addition, this paper also discussed possible negative results of early experiencing learning failures regards to negative emotion. Especially, experiencing continuous failures can bring students to learned helplessness. This paper discussed how to avoid this negative consequences. Related with negative emotional effects of failures, teacher or students should be careful in the earlier stage of learning processes to avoid learning failures. Lastly, this paper also suggested that minimizing fears related with learning failures and promoting failure tolerance so that students have motivation to overcome learning failures.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2021

Objectives : Based on the fact that cognitive functions decline known as comorbid symptoms of depression can precede depression, this study seeks to observe the effects of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms on cognitive function in healthy subjects. Methods : To recruit 50 general populations to evaluate cognitive and clinical symptoms and to find out the effects of clinical symptoms on cognitive functions, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression were conducted. Correlation analysis of subdomain cognitive function was conducted for reliability analysis. Results : Trail making test-B that evaluates the execution function correlates with depressive symptoms (r=0.300, p=0.03) and age (r=0.323, p=0.02). Depressive symptoms (β=0.304, p=0.03) and age (β=0.335, p=0.01) were significantly related to Trail making test -B (Adjusted R²=0.148). Subjective cognitive tests correlates with anxiety symptoms (r=0.434, p=0.002). In the correlation between cognitive functional items, Subjective cognitive tests was found to be correlated with other test except Spotter. Conclusions : In this study, depressive symptoms contribute independently to executive functions in addition to demographic characteristics such as age and duration of education. Given that cognitive decline is a common long-term clinical outcome in depression, we expect active early intervention and evaluation of cognitive function to be helpful.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.676-684
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• 2021

This study examined how much Korean male middle school students used YouTube to determine if the social support from parents, teachers, and friends might moderate the relationships between YouTube overuse and internalizing and externalizing problems. Three hundred and twenty male middle school students completed questionnaires asking about their YouTube use, levels of YouTube addiction, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and the degree of social support from parents, teachers, and friends. The results indicated that the YouTube addiction was positively related to the levels of internalizing and externalizing problems. Parental support moderated the relationships between YouTube addiction and internalizing problems. On the other hand, the moderating effects of teachers' or friends' supports were not significant. In contrast, teachers' support was the most crucial moderating factor regarding externalizing problems, while parental and friends' supports were only related to delinquency but not to aggression. These results suggest that the role of parental or teacher supports should be unique depending on the types of problem behaviors. Furthermore, the 'protective effects' of social support were not found in the highly addicted group, suggesting that the early prevention of YouTube overuse is a crucial intervention.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.537-542
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• 2021

Schisandra nigra Max., a dioecious plant native to Jeju Island in Korea, is cultivated on a small scale for fruit production. As fruit-producing female individuals are generally considered to be more valuable than male, early identification of plant sex at the seedling stage is important. In this study, a sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker associated with a female-specific region in the genome of S. nigra was investigated. Of 120 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, one primer (OPB-03) consistently amplified a 749 bp band in female plants. The female-specific PCR product was isolated and cloned, and the nucleotide sequences were then determined. Southern hybridization performed using the female-specific fragment as a probe produced positive signals only in genomic DNA from the female plants. This result revealed that the 749 bp segment of DNA was present in the genome of female plants but absent in the genome of male plants. A SCAR primer pair was designed based on the RAPD marker to amplify a 436 bp fragment in the genomic DNA of female plants. This primer pair amplified the expected size of DNA fragment in female plants and four monoecious individuals collected from a natural population. The SCAR marker identified in this study can be used to distinguish female-flowering individuals at the seedling stage.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.257-267
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• 2021

Background: The need for regulatory science development to evaluate advanced regulatory products is gradually increasing without hindering the technological development. Creating a research environment and fostering experts through the establishment of regulatory agency-led policies are essential for the development of regulatory science. Method: This is a comparative study of the United States, Japan, Singapore, and Korea. The literature and websites of each regulatory agency were reviewed, and the focus was on advantages and comparing advantages based on definition, development trends, and expert training projects. Results: The United States is striving to develop regulatory science in response to changes in the new pharmaceutical industry through the regulatory science report, and to foster expert both inside and outside the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Japan is promoting regulatory science centered on regulatory science centers, and is focusing on researching work-related regulatory science within the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) and improving employees' ability to make regulatory decisions. Singapore was aiming to improve Southeast Asia's regulatory capabilities under the leadership of Centre of Regulatory Excellence (CoRE) within Duke-NUS University. In 2021, Korea is in its early stages, starting to run a university's degree program related to regulatory science this year. Conclusion: Regulatory science should be developed with the aim of improving the regulatory ability of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety with Korea's independent concept of regulatory science.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.51-59
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• 2021

This study was undertaken to identify factors that influence high-risk drinking among women. Seventh National Health and Nutrition Survey data were used, and 3,453 women aged 19 or older were studied. Subjects were divided into general and high-risk drinking groups according to high-risk drinking rate indicators, and these groups were compared to identify demographic and sociological characteristics, differences in health-related characteristics, and factors associated with high-risk drinking. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25.0. The analysis showed 8.8% of the cohort were high-risk drinkers, and that rates of high-risk drinking were higher among women in their 20s to 30s, smokers, and those with experience of depression. In particular, smoking, and depression were associated with a 4.5 [(95% confidence interval (CI)=2.804-7.372, p<0.001)] and 7.0-fold [(95% CI=2.918-16.855, p<0.001)] increases in rates of high-risk drinking. In addition, the risk of high-risk drinking was high among 15- to 19-year-olds, which indicates an urgent need to develop and implement drinking education programs for women in adolescence and early adulthood. We expect the results of this study to be used to create health policies and health promotion programs aimed at reducing the high-risk drinking rate among women.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.71-84
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• 2022

This study analyzed 2019 time survey data from the National Statistical Office to examine the childcare behaviors of fathers with preschool children and their determinants, considering types of care and working/nonworking days. The main results of this study are as follows. First, paternal childcare time of nonworking days was three times more than that of working days, and the participation rate was also higher on nonworking days. Second, there was no significant difference in the amount of time spent on primary care and developmental care by fathers, whether from dual- or single-income families. Third, it seems that fathers adjust their participation in childcare between working days and nonworking days in consideration of the mother's time availability. Fourth, the variables related to childcare needs had a significant influence on paternal childcare time on both working and nonworking days. Fathers' developmental care time was not explained by the independent variables entered into the regression analysis. As a result of the study, it is necessary to reduce fathers' working hours and increase family-friendly systems to increase fathers' participation in childrearing. Fathers' perception of parental responsibility must also be changed.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.908-917
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• 2022

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of systemic immunity that prevents secondary infections of distal uninfected parts of plants by related or unrelated pathogens. SAR is mediated by several SAR-inducing chemicals or mobile signals that accumulate after pathogen infection. Several chemicals that move systemically have already been identified as SAR-inducing factors, despite the fact that the early mobile signal remains unclear. These chemicals can be transported into either the apoplastic or symplastic compartments. Many of the chemicals associated with SAR remain unknown in terms of their transport routes. There is recent evidence that azelaic acid (AzA) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) are transported via plasmodesmata (PD) channels, which regulate the symplastic route. In contrast, salicylic acid (SA) is preferentially transported from pathogen-infected to uninfected parts via the apoplast. The pH gradient and SA deprotonation lead to apoplastic accumulation of SA before it accumulates in the cytosol. Moreover, there is evidence that the mobility of SA over a long distance is crucial for SAR and that the partitioning of SA into the symplast and cuticles is controlled by transpiration. Further research has shown that a portion of the total SA in leaves is partitioned into cuticular waxes. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of SAR-inducing chemicals and the regulation of transport in SAR.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.107-119
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• 2020

This study was designed to analyze the social and institutional problems that may arise in the early 2000s of the United States and in the scholarship program for university student-athletes by analyzing Dialogues in the Film [The Blind Side] and to derive the meaning of this to Korean society and education field. In summary, the first is that there is a need for fundamental change in the thinking about gender discrimination and racist expressions expressed in everyday life including a Sport field not only in the United states but also in Korean society. Second, the Korea University Sports Federation(KUSF), like NCAA, is working on the right to study and human rights of university athletes, but in the commercialism of modern sports related to the capitalism, these systems and regulations could be a bigger obstacle to the process of growing young players. And finally, like the case of "Flower-loving Ferdinand" who having a lot in common with the main character, Michael in the Film, I hope that there will be a "Sports Ferdinand" that likes the sport itself, which is fully satisfied with its life and lives happily even if it is not a sports star.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.397-404
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• 2022

This study aims to examine the effects of college students' teaching-friendly learning activities on college life adaptation, and to examine whether these effects differ according to learner characteristics. To this end, 214 people who participated in the learning program of universities located in G area in the first semester of 2022 were targeted. In order to find out the effect of teaching-friendly learning activities on college students' adaptability to college life, frequency analysis, response sample t-verification, and one-way analysis of variance (one-way Anova) were conducted using SPSS 20.0. The results are as follows. First, it was found that teaching-friendly learning activities significantly increased the scores of academic adaptation, emotional adaptation, and social adaptation in college life adaptation. Second, there was no difference in adaptation to college life according to college. Third, The score of the level of attachment to universities was found to be higher in the female group than in the male group. Fourth, as a result of the analysis according to the grade, it was found that the third-grade group had a high level of attachment to universities. Conclusions and suggestions for these research results were presented.