• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.93-102
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• 2009

A prediction of streamflow based on multi-objective function is presented to check the performance of Probability Distributed Model(PDM) in Miho stream basin, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea. PDM is a lumped conceptual rainfall runoff model which has been widely used for flood prevention activities in UK Environmental Agency. The Monte Carlo Analysis Toolkit(MCAT) is a numerical analysis tools based on population sampling, which allows evaluation of performance, identifiability, regional sensitivity and etc. PDM is calibrated for five model parameters by using MCAT. The results show that the performance of model parameters(cmax and k(q)) indicates high identifiability and the others obtain equifinality. In addition, the multi-objective function is applied to PDM for seeking suitable model parameters. The solution of the multi-objective function consists of the Pareto solution accounting to various trade-offs between the different objective functions considering properties of hydrograph. The result indicated the performance of model and simulated hydrograph are acceptable in terms on Nash Sutcliffe Effciency*(=0.035), FSB(=0.161), and FDBH(=0.809) to calibration periods, validation periods as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.45-56
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• 2019

Urban green areas are generally composed of relatively small and fragmented patches, but it is a critical factor for the quality of an urban environment. They have positive effects such as increasing green connectivity, reducing runoff, and mitigating urban heat. But, there is a lack of urban greening plans that consider the comprehensive effects of green space in real urban areas. To fill this gap in this literature, this study identifies a planning model that determines the optimal locations for maximizing green areas' multiple effects(e.g., heat mitigation and enhancement of connectivity) by using unused lots. This model also considers minimizing costs using meta-heuristic optimization algorithms. As a results, we finds 50 optimal plans that considers two effects within the limited cost in Nowon-gu. The optimal plans show the trade-off effect between connectivity, heat mitigation and cost. They also show the critical unused land lots for urban greening that are commonly selected in various plans. These optimal plans can effectively inform quantitative effectiveness of green space and their trade-off. We expect that our model will contribute to the improvement of green planning processes in reality.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.108-127
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• 2021

Purpose - On the basis of knowledge transfer theory, we empirically explored how three types of human resource (HR) innovation knowledge exchange within a Chaebol drive the global subsidiary performance of the headquarters (HQ) of a Chaebol's globally affiliated companies. Design/methodology - Using a sample of 176 Korean HQ firms of the top 53 Chaebols and 1,061 of their foreign manufacturing subsidiaries (n = 1,061), we tested the relationship between the exchange of explorative and exploitative sustainable HR innovation knowledge among HQ firms of Chaebols, their subsequent transfer of technical HR knowledge via technical schemas, and the subsequent impact on the global subsidiary performance. Findings - The Chaebols' decisions about the three strategic knowledge management options (i.e., the degree of exchange of explorative and exploitative technological HR innovation knowledge and the extent of HQ-subsidiary HR knowledge transfer) have highly significant relationships with the global subsidiary performance. The results help explains the conditions under which the explorative versus exchange of exploitative sustainable HR innovation knowledge pays off by showing the moderating role of the degree of HQ-to-subsidiary technical HR knowledge transfer, at least in the case of the Chaebol as one representative type of the emerging-market business groups. Originality/value - As the first of its kind in the field of sustainable HR innovation knowledge management at the business group level, the present study makes a clear contribution in demonstrating how the performance of Chaebols' manufacturing subsidiaries depends greatly on their strategy for management of knowledge, as reflected in the choices they make about sharing both explorative and exploitative sustainable HR innovation knowledge among HQ firms and the subsequent transfer of HQ's sustainable HR innovation knowledge to the foreign subsidiaries.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.54-72
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• 2020

Purpose - This study explores the contextual factors that affect the relationship between CEO overseas experience and firm internationalization. This study incorporates a wide range of contextual factors, including mega, macro, and micro variables. In particular, this study goes a step further from prior studies by incorporating a higher-order variable i.e., the global financial crisis that can constrain the managerial discretion of a CEO. Design/methodology - To structure the balanced data set before and after the 2008 global financial crisis, we used the data for the years from 2002 to 2014 from a sample of Korean manufacturing firms. Ultimately, 1101 firm-year unbalanced panel observations from 101 firms were used for the analysis. Findings - Our main findings can be summarized as follows. CEO overseas experience is positively related to firm internationalization. However, this relationship varies depending on the CEOs level of managerial discretion. As for the constraining moderation, the global financial crisis weakened the positive relationship between CEO overseas experience and firm internationalization. As for the enabling moderation, the CEOs tenure strengthened the relationship. Originality/value - This study adopted the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) framework to explain the relationship between CEO overseas experience and firm internationalization. Moreover, we argue that the CEO-internationalization relationship depends on the specific context of the managerial discretion, focusing on the 2008 global financial crisis. Empirically, this study adopted the 2SLS procedure to correct endogeneity. Instead of taking the actual value of prior internationalization as a control, we estimated prior internationalization using the instrument variables at an industry level. This procedure made our estimation more robust.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.21-40
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• 2016

This study mainly deals with a recent case held as to the formation of contract under the United Nations Convention on International Sale of Goods(CISG). In order to analyse the fact of the case and the justification of its holdings, it examines the rules on the formation of contract under the CISG, focusing on the requirements of offer and acceptance, the time when such offer and acceptance become effective, the issues on the battle of forms. In addition to these, it particularly investigates the rules on a delayed acceptance under the CISG. After looking into those rules, it criticizes the holdings and provides legal and practical advice to contracting parties who intend to conclude a contract under the CISG as a governing law. It finds that whose e-mail in the case amounts to an offer and an acceptance is depended upon the interpretation of intention of the parties expressed in their statement. According to such interpretation, even if a purchase order is requested by the seller for the formation of contract, a contract may be concluded by a simple statement which commits the buyer himself to purchase the seller's goods. This is particularly the case where such request is made only to clarify the buyer's intention to purchase them.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.877-885
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• 2022

Vision-based activity recognition has been widely attempted at construction sites to estimate productivity and enhance workers' health and safety. Previous studies have focused on extracting an individual worker's postural information from sequential image frames for activity recognition. However, various trades of workers perform different tasks with similar postural patterns, which degrades the performance of activity recognition based on postural information. To this end, this research exploited a concept of human-object interaction, the interaction between a worker and their surrounding objects, considering the fact that trade workers interact with a specific object (e.g., working tools or construction materials) relevant to their trades. This research developed an approach to understand the context from sequential image frames based on four features: posture, object, spatial features, and temporal feature. Both posture and object features were used to analyze the interaction between the worker and the target object, and the other two features were used to detect movements from the entire region of image frames in both temporal and spatial domains. The developed approach used convolutional neural networks (CNN) for feature extractors and activity classifiers and long short-term memory (LSTM) was also used as an activity classifier. The developed approach provided an average accuracy of 85.96% for classifying 12 target construction tasks performed by two trades of workers, which was higher than two benchmark models. This experimental result indicated that integrating a concept of the human-object interaction offers great benefits in activity recognition when various trade workers coexist in a scene.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.189-204
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• 2021

The fourth industrial revolution is affecting the industry as a whole, and the current logistics industry is coexisting with crises and opportunities. As part of overcoming this situation, the online platformization of the logistics market has recently been rapidly taking place, and the growth of e-commerce around developed countries has emerged as a demand for flexible freight services that can send and receive cargo anywhere and anytime at appropriate cost. However, the logistics industry has not been able to change rapidly in line with the demands of the market as it is immersed in traditional transportation transactions. Thus, the digital transformation of the freight market has become urgent to address problems such as uncertainty over traditionally closed and conservative freight market transaction processes and the lack of reliability caused by information asymmetry. Therefore, innovative domestic and foreign companies are attempting to establish a new way of transporting cargo, especially a marketplace way of connecting suppliers and consumers. Current status analysis and case studies were conducted through existing literature surveys, and prior research on freight market place selection factors was previewed, and the selection factors were stratified into five upper and 19 lower factors. Through this study, it is expected that improvements for sustainable growth of freight marketplace companies will be derived and that it will be a basic study of establishing management strategies through marketplace operation and quality control. In addition, it is deemed that the priority of customer requirements can be actively accepted, providing an opportunity to actively respond and strengthen corporate competitiveness.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.85-89
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• 2004

The paper presents a summary of the multidisciplinary/optimization method for the preliminary design of container feeder vessel. The current scenario in the ship building industry highly focuses on container ship design and construction proving the inherent demand in maritime industry. The design accomplishes the outer circle of the design spiral giving stress in areas of Hull Form Design, Resistance & Propulsion. Empirical relations, model test results, data from built ships, class rules and latest market demands stood as the criteria for the design. Optimization of the design as per the owners requirement. class rules, and the trade route selected are the major challenges met with. Strength. reliability, structural safety and stability have been incorporated in compromising standards.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.47-59
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• 2012

A number of organizations have had big interests in studies concerning leadership and in academic areas, in not only management but also psychology. Until now, leadership has been accentuated by managers or team leaders especially. Recently, however, the concept of self-leadership directing one's own activities through self-control or self-management is being focused on in practices and in academia. This study is to investigate the influence between self-leadership strategies and learning performance in IT classes mediated by attitude of attendance focused on the social science students in two universities (Korea (121 samples) and India (106 samples)). And this research tried to compare difference between two university students. Research results can give us direction of task-taking attitudes in firms or learning attitudes in teaching organizations and implications to human resource managers who are in charge of improving learning performance or productivity.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.47-73
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• 2009

Electronic Commerce has become the leading method of business in many countries. And related laws are being established and is operating in Korea and China. In this circumstance, Korea's electronic signature law was enacted on February 5, 1999, and has been applied from July 1, 1999. But China's electronic signature law was enacted on August 28, 2004, and has been formally applied from April 1, 2005. This paper is to drive problems of the electronic signature system and law and to show the whole point to be considered in enterprise and the present status of internal and external service under the basis of electronic trade. The purpose of this study aims to present a comparative analysis on the Korean and Chinese electronic signature system and law. In addition to, another point of this paper is suggestions for improvement of legal problem.