• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.2480-2488
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• 2024

Pakistan is a developing country whose maximum amount of mixed energy is provided by electricity, oil, coal, and gas. The study objective is to analyze the six major social factors to describe the significance of nuclear energy and CO₂ emissions at the decisive point coming from income, trade, energy, and urbanization. This study has tried to analyze the impact of different factors (i.e., fossil energy, GDP per capita, overall population, urban population, and merchandise trade) on Pakistan's CO₂ emissions using the extended STRIPAT model from 1986 to 2021. Ridge regression has been applied to analyze the parameters due to the multicollinearity problem in the data. The results show that (i) all the factors show significant results on carbon emissions; (ii) population and energy factors are the huge contributors to raising CO₂ emissions by 0.15% and 0.16%; however, merchandise and GDP per capita are the least contributing factors by 0.12% and 0.13% due to import/export and income level in Pakistan, and (iii) nuclear energy and substitute overall show a prominent and growing impact on CO₂ emissions by 0.16% and 0.15% in Pakistan. Finally, empirical results have wider applications for energy-saving, energy substitution, capital investment, and CO₂ emissions mitigation policies in developing countries. Moreover, by investigating renewable energy technologies and renewable energy sources, insights are provided on future CO₂ emissions reduction.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.103-124
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• 1994

국제경쟁에서 과학기술의 기여도가 커짐에 따라 선진국 과학기술정보의 국외 보급이 제한되기 시작하고, 특히 신기술의 경우 정보의 무기화 경향이 분명해지고 있으므로 국내 생산 실험데이타의 체계적 축적은 우리나라의 국제 경쟁력 강화에 있어서도 필수적인 요소이다. 따라서 본 고에서는 데이타의 성격적 분류, 관리상의 문제점 및 평가기준의 분석을 통한 데이타베이스 개발의 기초를 제시하였고, 신소재 열역학적 성질에 관한 데이타베이스의 구조와 절차를 기술하였다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.63-76
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• 1999

Internet-based electronic trade has been growing fast. But most users are not yet familiar with the system and find it very difficult to purchase and sell the products in the cyber market place. To handle these problems, agent-based virtual market place system has been proposed where agents instead of individuals participate in trading of goods. Most of the proposed models have been in the two general categories. The first is the direct transaction among sellers and buyers, and the second is the agent-based transaction. However, the transaction is not fair and the best deal can't be guaranteed for both models. In this paper, we propose a new broker based synchronous transaction algorithm which is fair to both parties and guarantees the best deal. Our algorithm is implemented using Visual C++ and the experimental results show that our method is better than the two traditional transaction models in every performance metrics, Number of transactions are increased up to 21% and price adjustment is up to 280% better for some transactions.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.131-151
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• 1997

The CALS/EC is the world-wide accepted concept and its application domain is being expanded continuously throughout the private and public sectors. One of the essential points for realization of CALS/EC is to promote the domestic system integration(SI) industry. This paper describes the present status of the domestic SI companies and the clues to solve their facing problems. In order to evaluate the status of the current SI technology, the MBNQA(Malcom Baldridge National Quality Award) is adopted. The surveyed results show that the average levels of 14 SI companies over 7 evaluation criteria turn out to be 30% through 40% point. The major projects' activities of the SI companies on the information systems over the areas of trade, science and technology, industrial manpower, health and welfare, national security, etc are explained. Also, the competitive power of the SI companies is also discussed. As a target sample, the Korea Telecom(KT) CALS model project is described in terms of its Progresses and Problems. Furthermore, the strategic plans and detailed research items are proposed to resolve on-going issues.

• 정보학연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

China has recently (28 August 2004) adopted a new act legalizing the electronic signature. This new act provides electronic signatures with the same legal status as handwritten signatures, and states that on-line certification providers will have to be created in order to ensure the security of on-line operations made using said signatures. This new act is intended to increase Chinese electronic business, and thus to raise the revenue China can expect from said business. And the law grants electronic signatures the same legal effect as handwritten signatures and seals in business transactions, and sets up the market access system for online certification providers to ensure the security of e-commerce. As Internet trade requires a reliable third party to identify the signers, the credibility of online certifying organizations is significant for the transaction security. So, considering the weakness of China's social credibility system, the law regulates that the online signatures certification providers should be approved and administered by governments.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1977-1978
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• 2008

In this paper, we compare performance of common-mode rejection between a differential and a non-differential amplifier system with two electrodes. A differential amplifier system is constant for common-mode rejection ratio(CMRR) on the frequency domain. But a non-differential amplifier's CMRR is determined by $Z_{FB}/Z_e$ ($Z_{FB}$ ; feedback impedance, $Z_e$; electrode impedance). There is trade-off between a non-differential amplifier's CMRR and its differential input impedance. And a non-differential amplifier system has some advantages for a bio-potential measurement with two electrodes because a designer can control the impedance between the body and system's common.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2016

An efficient texture compression method is proposed based on a block matching process between the current block and the previously encoded blocks. Texture mapping is widely used to improve the quality of rendering results in real-time applications. For fast texture mapping, it is important to find an optimal trade-off between compression efficiency and computational complexity. Low-complexity methods (e.g., ETC1 and DXT1) have often been adopted in real-time rendering applications because conventional compression methods (e.g., JPEG) achieve a high compression ratio at the cost of high complexity. We propose a block matching-based compression method that can achieve a higher compression ratio than ETC1 and DXT1 while maintaining computational complexity lower than that of JPEG. Through a comparison between the proposed method and existing compression methods, we confirm our expectations on the performance of the proposed method.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.73-86
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• 1999

Inspired by the growth of the Internet, electronic commerce(EC) has grown rapidly over the last few years and has become a major Internet application domain. EC encompasses various profit-oriented activities such as purchase of goods and services over the network, banking, and business-to-business trade. The purpose of this research is to develop an electronic commerce merchant server for the small and medium size business. The proposed solution is designed to meet a cheap, simple, extensible, and interoperable requirement. Also, our solution supports one-to-one marketing concept by using matching technology. We expect that our solution makes the small and medium size EC market more easily.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an adaptive partition cache replacement policy and evaluate the performance of our scheme using various monitoring ratios to help lifetime extension of non-volatile main memory systems without performance degradation. The proposal combines conventional LRU (Least Recently Used) replacement policy and Early Eviction Zone (E2Z), which considers a dirty bit as well as LRU bits to select a candidate block. In particular, this paper shows the performance of non-volatile memory using various monitoring ratios and determines optimized monitoring ratio and partition size of E2Z for reducing the number of writebacks using cache hit counter logic and hit predictor. In the experiment evaluation, we showed that 1:128 combination provided the best results of writebacks and runtime, in terms of performance and complexity trade-off relation, and our proposal yielded up to 42% reduction of writebacks, compared with others.

• 오토저널
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1991

A linear quarter model of a vehicle suspension system is built and simulated. Especially the so-called sensitivity analysis is conducted in order to show its applicability to design problems, and sensitivity function is determined in the frequency domain. The change of frequency response function is predicted, which depends on the design parameter variation and the property is verified by computer simulation. Typical performance measures, namely, sprung mass acceleration, suspension deflection, and tire deflection are examined. The vehicle model is analyzed for ist performance sensitivity as a function of the system's feedback gains. The variable feedback gains are selected as the spring and damping coefficients. Frequency response, RMS response, and performance index of the performance evaluation variables are considered and three-dimensional and contour plots of response surfaces are formed to examine output sensitivity to suspension feedback. Performance trade-offs over the entire frequency spectrum are identified from the FRF, and that between ride quality and handling characteristics are examined from the RMS responses.