• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.1C
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• pp.86-93
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• 2007

In this paper, we present an electronic voting system based on cryptographic techniques. Recently, some countries have used e-voting systems using an electronic voting device instead of a voting sheet. These e-voting systems are the early stage which is not online voting. Many cryptographers have studied on-line e-voting systems based on cryptographic techniques. The existing 1-out-of-L e-voting systems are based on E1Gamal cryptosystem. To reduce computational complexity, we use r-th residue encryption scheme and compare the computational complexity of our 1-out-of-L e-voting system with that of the 1-out-of-L e-voting system based on E1Gamal cryptosystem. Moreover, we extend the proposed 1-out-of-L e-voting system to ballot-cancellation property The existing e-voting systems had been overlooked the ballot-cancellation property. There is the reason that the ballot is cancelled according to an election law. For our e-voting system with ballot-cancellation property, we extend the homomorphic property based on r-th residue encryption. The extended homomorphic property is used to cancel votes with guaranteeing privacy and universal verifiability.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.193-198
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• 2021

The application of e-Voting plays an important role in order to support democracy activities in Indonesia, such as elections at different levels. E-Voting has the function of providing better service to people in order to participate in elections. This research attempts to develop the appearance of the user interface of e-Voting based on users' emotional preferences using Kansei Engineering. Kansei Engineering is used in this research to analyze emotional feelings regarding e-Voting applications' presented Kansei words and give a recommendation on the most suitable user interface to be considered in their development. This research observed two main users' emotional feelings ("calm" and "formal") selected from ten Kansei words. The final recommendation is a conceptual element designed for designing e-Voting applications based on the Kansei word "calm".

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.48-68
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• 2017

Manual elections processes in Egypt have several negative effects; that mainly leads to political corruption due to the lack of transparency. These issues negatively influence citizen's participation in the political life; while electronic voting systems aim to increase efficiency, transparency, and reduce the cost comparing to the manual voting. The main research objectives are, finding the successful factors that positively affects E-voting implementation in Egypt, in addition of finding out the reasons that keep Egyptian government far from applying E-voting, and to come up with the road map that Egyptian government has to take into consideration to successfully implement E-voting systems. The findings of the study suggest that there are seven independent variables affecting e-voting implementation which are; leadership, government willingness, legal framework, technical quality, awareness, citizen's trust in government and IT literacy. Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) theory was used to provide an analytical framework for the study. A quantitative approach (i.e., survey questionnaire) strategy was used to collect data. A random sampling method was used to select the participants for the survey, whom are targeted voters in Egypt and have access to the internet, since the questionnaire was distributed online and the data is analyzed using regression analysis. Practical implications of this study will lead for more citizen participation in the political life due to the transparency that E-voting system will create, in addition to reduce the political corruption.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1847-1870
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• 2021

With the development of information and communication technologies, especially wireless networks and cell phones, the e-voting system becomes popular as its cost-effectiveness, swiftness, scalability, and ecological sustainability. However, the current e-voting schemes are faced with the problem of privacy leakage and further cause worse vote-buying and voter-coercion problems. Moreover, in large-scale voting, some previous e-voting system encryption scheme with pairing operation also brings huge overhead pressure to the voting system. Thus, it is a vital problem to design a protocol that can protect voter privacy and simultaneously has high efficiency to guarantee the effective implementation of e-voting. To address these problems, our paper proposes an efficient unidirectional proxy re-encryption scheme that provides the re-encryption of vote content and the verification of users' identity. This function can be exactly applied in the e-voting system to protect the content of vote and preserve the privacy of the voter. Our proposal is proven to be CCA secure and collusion resistant. The detailed analysis also shows that our scheme achieves higher efficiency in computation cost and ciphertext size than the schemes in related fields.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.549-560
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• 2011

Vote validity proof and verification is an efficiency bottleneck and privacy drawback in homomorphic e-voting. The existing vote validity proof technique is inefficient and only achieves honest-verifier zero knowledge. In this paper, an efficient proof and verification technique is proposed to guarantee vote validity in homomorphic e-voting. The new proof technique is mainly based on hash function operations that only need a very small number of costly public key cryptographic operations. It can handle untrusted verifiers and achieve stronger zero knowledge privacy. As a result, the efficiency and privacy of homomorphic e-voting applications will be significantly improved.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.253-262
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• 2023

E-voting is a concept that includes actions such as kiosk voting at a designated place and internet voting at an unspecified place, and has emerged to alleviate the problem of consuming a lot of resources and costs when conducting offline voting. Using E-voting has many advantages over existing voting systems, such as increased efficiency in voting and ballot counting, reduced costs, increased voting rate, and reduced errors. However, centralized E-voting has not received attention in public elections and voting on corporate agendas because the results of voting cannot be trusted due to concerns about data forgery and modulation and hacking by others. In order to solve this problem, recently, by designing an E-voting system using blockchain, research has been actively conducted to supplement concepts lacking in existing E-voting, such as increasing the reliability of voting information and securing transparency. In this paper, we proposed an electronic voting system that introduced hybrid blockchain that uses public and private blockchains in convergence. A hybrid blockchain can solve the problem of slow transaction processing speed, expensive fee by using a private blockchain, and can supplement for the lack of transparency and data integrity of transactions through a public blockchain. In addition, the proposed system is implemented as BaaS to ensure the ease of type conversion and scalability of blockchain and to provide powerful computing power. BaaS is an abbreviation of Blockchain as a Service, which is one of the cloud computing technologies and means a service that provides a blockchain platform ans software through the internet. In this paper, in order to evaluate the feasibility, the proposed system and domestic and foreign electronic voting-related studies are compared and analyzed in terms of blockchain type, anonymity, verification process, smart contract, performance, and scalability.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.67-90
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• 2022

The March 2022 presidential election held at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic drew flak for undermining the principle of universal suffrage by failing to guarantee properly the voting rights of confirmed and quarantined persons. Guaranteeing their voting rights requires thinking about e-voting that can fundamentally overcome the temporal and spatial limitations of current paper voting polling stations. The question is how to deal with the increased possibility of contradicting or violating the principles of equality and direct and secret suffrage due to the expansion of universal suffrage. In order to obtain implications for this, we looked at the case of Estonia, which has been holding 11 national elections without any problems since the introduction of e-voting in 2005. Estonia was successfully building trust in the system, government, and society through the institutionalization and routinization of the overall socio-technical system of e-voting, along with political and constitutional agreements on the principles of elections. Therefore, we should not only consider the possibility of e-voting in terms of technological development and level but also discuss the establishment of trust by mediating conflicts between election principles from a normative point of view to reach a social consensus.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.909-916
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• 2013

Since realization of E-voting system expands participation of voters and efficient count of voting, political and social and technical revolution is possible. However, without secure e-voting system, practical usages are infeasible. In the paper, we propose an e-voting system which is able to open votes in server without decryption during midst process using EC-ELGAMAL homomorphic cryptography. Users ensure anonymity with pseudo id from server and check their voting with Bloom Filter technology. Furthermore, we combine attributes and voters' information, so we can collect information of voter under the condition of anonymity.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2012

E-voting is expected to offer prominent advantages over traditional voting methods. Advantages include faster tallying, greater accuracy, prevention of void ballots, and lower cost. However, many experts express concerns about the potential for large-scale fraud. Recently, many paper based end-to-end (E2E) voter verifiable systems providing individual verifiability and universal verifiability have been proposed. These systems, unlike previous voting systems, are used in polling booths and without access to trusted computing devices at the time of voting. In this paper, we propose a practical and secure E2E voter verifiable system using a paper receipt based on cryptographic technologies.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.357-370
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• 2021

The evolution of blockchain-based systems has enabled researchers to develop nextgeneration e-voting systems. However, the classical consensus method of blockchain, that is, Proof-of-Work, as implemented in Bitcoin, has a significant impact on energy consumption and compromises the scalability, efficiency, and latency of the system. In this paper, we propose a hybrid consensus model (PSC-Bchain) composed of Proof of Credibility and Proof of Stake that work mutually to address the aforementioned problems to secure e-voting systems. Smart contracts are used to provide a trustworthy public bulletin board and a secure computing environment to ensure the accuracy of the ballot outcome. We combine a sharding mechanism with the PSC-Bchain hybrid approach to emphasize security, thus enhancing the scalability and performance of the blockchain-based e-voting system. Furthermore, we compare and discuss the execution of attacks on the classical blockchain and our proposed hybrid blockchain, and analyze the security. Our experiments yielded new observations on the overall security, performance, and scalability of blockchain-based e-voting systems.