• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.332-339
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• 2006

A leaf spring suspension has been widely used since it can carry big load and simplicity. But one major drawback is the poor ride performance because of the friction in the system and the high stiffness coefficient. To overcome these, air spring suspension can be used. The air spring suspension system can improve the ride of the heavy vehicle significantly and also it can adjust the height to the loading and unloading. A truck with the leaf suspension system is modified with the air suspension system and the performance of the vehicle is compared using the suggested method. The existing leaf suspension can be replaced with the air suspension system to improve the performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.87-94
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• 2006

In this study, nonlinear crash analyses have been conducted for the skid landing gear of a helicopter. The realistic landing gear model of the commercial helicopter (SB427) is considered. Three-dimensional dynamic finite element model with variable thickness and material plastic behavior is constructed and LS-DYNA(Ver.970) is used to conduct nonlinear transient crash analyses for different impact conditions. Characteristics of nonlinear transient responses due to the ground crash are investigated for typical structural design criteria of a skid landing gear system. In addition, comparison results for maximum crash deformations of the skid landing gear are presented and the important effect of ground friction for numerical accuracy is described.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.107-114
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• 2010

Coupling systems for trains need more complicated buffer equipments than existing systems because the recent tendency of the regulations enforces trains to be safe for collisions even when the driving speed is higher than before. Using hydraulic buffer is an effective way to satisfy the requirement while it causes the increase of the cost for the coupling system. In this study, we introduce the methodology to build a simulation model for the hydraulic buffer, which could be installed into the coupling systems. In the simulation model of the hydraulic buffer, the reacting force is determined by both buffer stroke and speed whereas the elastic buffer model is designed by using only the buffer stroke in other studies. The simulation results with the advanced hydraulic buffer model shows that the simulating results can be close the real experimental results around 10%, and, if we considers friction forces, the simulation calculates the maximum force within 10% comparing to the experimental.

• 정보저장시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.190-194
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• 2005

There is a great demand of micro-actuators for mobile information devices such as SFF optical drives and mobile camera phones. However, conventional magnetic coils of electromagnetic motors are a major obstacle for miniaturization because of their complicated structures and large power consumption. In this paper, a linear ultrasonic motor to actuate focusing lens of mobile devices is proposed. The new actuator uses a ring type bimorph piezoelectric material, and $d_{31}$ mode is adopted for applying linear motion. The interaction between inertia force and friction force makes linear motion by high-frequency saw signal input. The saw signal gives steady forces on the one direction by asymmetric inclination property of the signal itself on time domain. A commercial FEM (ANSYS) was used in this investigation for simulating structural analysis, identification of dynamic property, such as resultant displacement and coupled analysis with piezoelectric material. To evaluate the performance of the new design, a prototype was manufactured and experiments were carried out. Experimental results show the actuator motion of 1.52 mm/s at 10 kHz input signal in 5 V.

• Transactions of the Society of Information Storage Systems
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.251-256
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• 2006

There is a great demand of micro-actuators for mobile information devices such as SFF optical drives and mobile phone cameras. However, the magnetic coils used in conventional electromagnetic motors are a major obstacle for the miniaturization because of their complicated structures and large power consumption. In this paper, a linear ultrasonic motor to actuate focusing lens of mobile devices is proposed. The new actuator uses a ring type bimorph piezoelectric material, and $d_{31}$ mode is adopted for applying linear motion. The interaction between inertia force and friction force makes linear motion by high-frequency saw signal input. The saw signal gives steady forces on the one direction by asymmetric inclination property of the signal itself on time domain. A commercial FEM(ANSYS) was used in this investigation for simulating structural analysis, identification of dynamic property, such as resultant displacement and coupled analysis with piezoelectric material. To evaluate the performance of the new design, a prototype was manufactured and experiments were carried out. Experimental results show the actuator motion of 5.4 mm/s at 10V saw signal of 41 kHz.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2015

This paper presents the rotordynamic performance measurement of oil-free turbocharger (TC) supported on gas foil bearings (GFBs) for 2 liter class diesel vehicles and comparison to floating ring bearings (FRBs). Oil-free TC was designed and developed via the rotordynamic analyses using dynamic force coefficients from GFB analyses. The rotordynamics and performance of the oil-free TC was measured up to 85 krpm while being driven by a diesel vehicle engine, and compared to a commercial oil-lubricated TC supported on FRBs. The test results showed that the GFBs increased the rotor speed by ~ 20% at engine speeds of 1,500 rpm and 1,750 rpm, yielding the reduction of turbine input energy by more than 400 W. Incidentally, an external shock test on the oil-free TC casing was conducted at the rotor speed of 60 krpm, and showed a good capability of vibration damping due to the well-known dry friction mechanism of the GFBs.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.291-300
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• 1999

An idealized analytical model is proposed to estimate the effects of restrainer upon global response behaviors of a bridge system under seismic excitations. Pounding actions between adjacent vibration units and friction at movable supports are introduced in addition to other phenomena such as nonlinear behaviors of pier, motions of the foundation and abutment to achieve the better prediction of the bridge motion. The applied restrainer is assumed to be a dead-band system, which has the force clearance and the linear-elastic force. Using the proposed model, the dynamic characteristics of a bridge system retrofitted by restrainers is examined, and the effects of stiffness and clearance length of restrainer is also investigated. The main effect of the application of restrainers is found to reduce the relative displacements and the trend becomes greater with the shorter clearance length except between pier units. It is found that the relative displacements between abutment and adjacent pier units are decreased as the stiffness of restrainer increases, but almost independent upon the stiffness increments of restrainer. However, the relative displacements between pier units tend to be increased due to the applications of the restrainers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.93-96
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• 2008

This paper deals with the shaking table test(STT), the Quasi-Static Test(QST), and the Pseudo-Dynamic Test(PDT) to evaluate the seismic performance of RC bridge piers under near fault ground motion. Five scaled specimens were constructed the weight of the superstructure was applied through the prestressing strand at the centroid of the column section during the QST and PDT. However, the STT was simulated. The lateral inertia force of the superstructure by the mass frame which was linked with the pier because of the limited payload of shaking table. Particularly for the STT, friction underneath the mass frame was minimized by special details and it was verified by a series of pre-load test. Scale factor of the RC piers was 4.25.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.1948-1952
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• 2012

The paper presents modal testing and analysis in order to obtain the dynamic characteristics of a middle spacer grids of a nuclear fuel rod. A spacer grid is one of the important structural elements supporting nuclear fuel rods. Such a fuel rod can be oscillated by its thermal expansion, neutron irradiation and etc. due to cooling water flow under the operation of a nuclear power plant. When the fuel rod vibrates, fretting wear due to repeated friction motion between the fuel rods and spacer grids can be occurred, and so the fuel rod is damaged. In this paper, through modal analysis and testing, natural frequencies and modes of a middle spacer grid were calculated, and the following conclusions were obtained. Firstly the numerical first-seven natural frequencies for spacer grids of a fuel rod having complicated structures have a small difference within 3.8% with experimental natural frequencies, and so the suitability of simulation results was verified. Secondly, experimental mode shapes for a middle spacer grid of a nuclear fuel rod were verified by obtaining lower non-diagonal terms through MAC(Modal Assurance Criteria), and were confirmed by the simulation modes.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.337-349
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• 1996

A study was conducted to find the possible relationship between slip distance and dynamic coefficient of friction (DCOF) through the biomechanical study of slips and falls using a broader variety of floors and levels of slipperiness than those used before. Four different floor surfaces covering the full range of floor slipperiness (with and without on oil contaminant) were prepared for ten subjects with each walking at a fixed velocity. The results showed that slip distance and heel velocity had a decreasing trend while stride length had a increasing trend as DCOF increased. The contaminant effect overpowered floor slipperiness effect because a higher DCOF surface with oil contaminant created longer slip distance than the lower DCOF with dry floor. Normal gait pattern and suggested heel velocity (10 to 20 cm/sec) were seen on dry floors but abnormally longer stride length and 5 to 10 times faster heel velocity were found an oily floors. In other words, faster heel velocity (greater than 10 to 20 cm/sec) is recommended to measure DCOF on oily floors because the assumption of normal gait was no longer valid.