• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2008

A Superconductor Flywheel Energy Storage System(SFES) mainly consists of a pair of non-contacting High Temperature Superconductor(HTS) bearings that provide very low frictional losses, a composite flywheel with high energy storage density. The HTS bearings, which offer dynamic stability without active control, are the key technology that distinguishes the SFES from other flywheel energy storage devices, and great effort is being put into developing this technology. The Superconductor Journal Bearing(SJB) mainly consists of HTS bulks and a stator, which holds the HTS bulks and also acts as a cold head. Static properties of HTS bearings provide data to solve problems which may occur easily in a running system. Since stiffness to counter vibration is the main parameter in designing an HTS bearing system, we investigate SJB magnetic force through static properties between the Permanent Magnet(PM) and HTS. We measure stiffness in static condition and the results are used to determine the optimal number of HTS bulks for a 100kWh SFES.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.283-287
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• 2013

Canine skin is a highly dynamic organ that is constantly adapted to changes in its environment. It provides structural, sensory, immunologic, and physiologic functions and contributes an essential barrier function against potential environmental insults. We assessed the changes of canine skin hydration, pH, and protein contents by noninvasive method according to the frequency of application with canine commercial shampoo. Canine commercial shampoo was applied topically every other day, 5 days, and 8 days on different sites, respectively in 8 dogs. Saline-applied site was as a control. Skin hydration was increased and skin surface pH was decreased significantly in canine commercial shampoo-applied site every other day (p < 0.05). Also, skin protein concentration measured by D-squame$^{(R)}$ tape stripping method was increased significantly in canine commercial shampoo-applied site every other day (p < 0.05). There were alterations on every 5 days and 8 days, but not significantly. These results may be recognized that the frequent use of canine commercial shampoo cause abnormalities of the skin barrier function and alteration of stratum corneum integrity/cohesion. Consequently it was suggested that bathing the dog with canine commercial shampoo was appropriate every 5 or 8 days.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2018

Helminthostachys zeylanica is a rare plant grows in lightly shaded areas. The fern was traditionally used as antipyretic and antiphlogistic agents. This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial potential of H. zeylanica on foodborne Bacillus cereus. The chemical composition of its ethanolic extract was also determined. The plant samples were collected at Kampung Kebun Relong, Kedah, Malaysia. The ethanolic extract showed significant inhibitory activity on B. cereus with a sizeable clear zone detected on disc diffusion assay. On broth microdilution assay, the MIC of the extract on B. cereus was 6.25 mg/ml and the MBC was 12.5 mg/ml. The inhibitory activity of the extract on B. cereus was bactericidal. In the growth dynamic study, the antibacterial efficacy of the extract was concentration dependent, where a lower colony forming unit count was obtained with increased extract concentration. The SEM micrograph of extract treated B. cereus cells showed invaginations of cell wall. The bacterial cell structure collapsed after 24 h exposure to the extract. The GCMS analysis of the extract showed that the major constituents of the extract were phenol (36.26%) and quercetin (29.70%). This study is important as it shows the potential use of H. zeylanica as an effective agent to control B. cereus related infections.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.216-225
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• 2004

In a cellular network, if there are too many data users in a cell, data may suffer long delay, and system's quality-of-service (QoS) will degrade. Some traditional schemes such as dynamic channel-allocation scheme (DCA) will assign more channels to hot (or overloaded) cells through a central control system (CC) and the throughput increase will be upper bounded by the number of new channels assigned to the cell. In mobile-assisted data forwarding (MADF), we add an ad-hoc overlay to the fixed cellular infrastructure and special channels-called forwarding channels- are used to connect mobile units in a hot cell and its surrounding cold cells without going through the hot cell's base station. Thus, mobile units in a hot cell can forward data to other cold cells to achieve load balancing. Most of the forwarding-channel management work in MADF is done by mobile units themselves in order to relieve the load from the CC. The traffic increase in a certain cell will not be upper bounded by the number of forwarding channels. It can be more if the users in hot cell are significantly far away from one another and these users can use the same forwarding channels to forward data to different cold neighboring cells without interference. We find that, in a system using MADF, under a certain delay requirement, the throughput in a certain cell or for the whole net-work can be greatly improved.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 1993

동적교정방법을 이용하여 $10^{-7}~10^{-10}$torr 영역에서 교정 가능한 초고진공 표준기를 제작하였다. $10^{-6}~10^{-9}$torr L/s 영역의 극미세 유량은 고진공 표준기에 porous plug를 연결하여 발생 제어시켰으며 일정한 배기속도를 유지함이 알려져 있는 refrigerator type cryopump를 이용하여 $3{\times}10^{-11}$torr의 base pressure를 얻을 수 있었다. 이 초고진공 표준기를 이용하여 두 개의 extractor gauge와 자체 제작한 nude 이온게이지들을 교정하고 그 직선성 및 재현도를 살펴보았다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

지하철에서는 전 세계적으로 크고 작은 화재가 지속적으로 발생되고 있다. 대구지하철 화재에서 볼 수 있듯이 독성가스와 연기에 의한 가시거리 감소로 많은 인명피해가 발생하였다. 본 논문에서는 부산 지하철 만덕역에서 열차 화재가 발생할 경우 승강장에서의 제연상황(열차문의 개방, 터널의 제연설비의 가동, 방화문의 작동)에 따라 연기의 전파거동을 FDS를 사용하여 분석하였다. 계산 결과 터널부의 제연설비를 가동하였을 경우보다는 가동하지 않았을 경우가 피난로 확보에 효과가 있었다. 또한, 열차문의 개방 형태는 승강장의 대피로 측의 문은 모두 개방하고 화재객차의 선로측 문만을 개방하였을 경우가 모두 개방한 경우보다 제연 효율이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 승강장의 방화문이 정상적으로 가동하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.1445-1451
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• 2011

공기압 밸브는 자동화 시스템에 공급되는 공기를 제어하는 기능을 지닌 핵심부품으로 널리 사용되고 있다. 하지만 공기압 밸브가 고장이 발생하면 설치되는 시스템의 특성상 전체 시스템에 영향을 미쳐 막대한 손실을 야기 시킬 수 있다. 이로 인하여 최근 신뢰성에 대한 중요성 및 소비자의 요구수준이 날로 증대되고 있어 밸브의 수명을 예측하여 제품의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위한 수명분포, 수명열화 특성 등과 같은 연구가 널리 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 공기압 밸브의 수명예측을 위한 핵심요소인 모수 도출 및 제안을 위하여, 최근 널리 사용되고 있는 플러그인형 공기압 매니폴드 밸브의 척도모수 및 $B_{10}$ 수명값을 완전데이터 수명관측 방법으로 측정하였으며, 수명분포 특성을 확인하기 위하여 상관계수값을 이용한 분포 적합성 검토와 주요성능 결정항목인 동적응답과 누설이 수명에 따라 열화되는 특성을 분석한 결과를 제시한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.985-990
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• 2013

신부전 환자의 신장기능을 유지하는 방법의 일환으로서 사용되는 혈액 투석 시 동정맥루 문합각도에 따라서 혈액 유동상태의 양호가 결정된다. 지금까지의 연구는 CFD에 의한 것이 대부분이었으나 실험적 보고는 없다. 본 연구에서는 동정맥루의 혈류역학적 특성을 분석하기 위하여 PIV기법을 이용하였다. PIV실험을 위한 혈관모델의 문합부 각도는 $30^{\circ}C$로 정하였다. 유체역학적 상사를 만족시키기 위하여 Re수는 같게 하였고, 동맥부분에 밸브를 달아 개폐 정도를 조절하면서 PIV실험을 수행하였다. PIV 실험결과 분지부 부분에서 재순환유동이 발생되는 것을 볼 수 있었고, 동맥의 개폐 정도에 따라 전체적인 혈류속도의 변화가 나타났다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 1998

Kojic acid (KA) is an antimelanogenic agent which has been widely used in cosmetics to whiten the skin color. However, it has the drawbacks of the skin irritancy and the instability against the pH, temperature, and light. In order to overcome these problems, various topical gels and multiple emulsion creams which can control the release of active ingredient, KA, were formulated employing cream bases of mineral oil with caprylic capric triglyceride and hydrophilic polymers such as chitosan, carbopol. and pluronics. Using Franz diffusion cells mounted with a synthetic cellulose membrane (MWCO 12,000), drug release characteristics of the formulations were evaluated by the HPLC assay of KA concentration in the receptor compartment of pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline solution. Drug release from chitosan-based gels (ChitoGel) obeyed to the first order kinetics with a rapid release especially in the initial period. However, pluronic-based gels (PluGel) and carbopol-based gels (CarboGel) revealed controlled release of drug to some extent, followed by the square root-time kinetics. Moreover, the release of KA was further controlled with the W/O/W multiple emulsion creams (MultiCream), showing the apparent zero order release kinetics by virtue of dynamic ratecontrolling membrane of the oil layer. The flux $(J,\;{\mu}g/cm^2/hr)$ of ChitoGel. CarboGel. PluGel. and MultiCream in the initial period of 6hr were 73.30, 28.67. 24.04 and 7.72, respectively. On the other hand, the skin irritancy score of ChitoGel and MultiCream were observed as 2.5 and 2.3 respectively, in the rabbit skin irritation test. Although there were insignificant differences at p<0.05 between those formulations, it was possible to conclude that the W/O/W multiple emulsion creams containing KA might be a good candidate for an antimelanogenic drug delivery system due to the controlled release of acidic drug molecules.

• 센서학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2001

입자들이 용액에 녹아있을 때 pH에 따라서 다른 zeta-potential을 가지게 되며, 이것은 입자의 분산상태에 영향을 주게 된다. NO 센서에서 $WO_3$ 입자의 크기는 감도에 큰 영향을 끼치므로 Sol-Coprecipitation법에 의한 $WO_3$ 센서 제조 시에 $WO_3$ precursor 상태에서의 pH의 영향을 알아보았다. 먼저 $WO_3$ precursor의 전기적 포텐셜을 측정하여 pH가 2에서 7로 변함에 따라 mobility가 증가하여 7일 때에 가장 큰 분산도를 가진 것을 알 수 있었고, 이는 powder 제조 후 입도 분석, 감지막의 XRD peak, 표면사진으로부터 확인 할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 감도 특성에도 영향을 끼쳐 pH=7에서 제조한 센서가 다른 pH에서 제조한 센서보다 감도가 우수한 것으로 나타났다.