• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2004

Frequent occurrence of binding update messages may incur high overhead in Mobile IP supporting users mobility. Thus, it needs to develop algorithms to deal with the situation. In this paper, we propose new lifetime assignment schemes for dynamic binding update considering the locality property related with mobile node's movement. Each mobile node maintains a profile which is based on log containing useful information about its visiting subnets. That is, it determines dynamic binding update lifetime for currently visiting subnet by computing past mean resident time recorded in the profile. In addition, we note that the resident time depends on the time when each node enters a subnet and thus, we devise another lifetime assignment algorithm. Extensive experiments are made to compare our schemes with existing Mobile IPv6 where major facts for performance comparison are both the number of binding update messages and the number of binding request messages. From the results, we come to know that our schemes obtain highly considerable performance improvements in terms of communication cost by decreasing the number of those messages.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.3429-3443
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• 2013

Chemokine receptor (CCR2) is a G protein-coupled receptor that contains seven transmembrane helices. Recent pharmaceutical research has focused on the antagonism of CCR2 and candidate drugs are currently undergoing clinical studies for the treatment of diseases like arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we analyzed the time dependent behavior of CCR2 docked with a potent 4-azetidinyl-1-aryl-cyclohexane (4AAC) derivative using molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) for 20 nanoseconds (ns). Homology modeling of CCR2 was performed and the 4AAC derivative was docked into this binding site. The docked model of selected conformations was then utilized to study the dynamic behavior of the 4AAC enzyme complexes inside lipid membrane. MDS of CCR2-16b of 4AAC complexes allowed us to refine the system since binding of an inhibitor to a receptor is a dynamic process and identify stable structures and better binding modes. Structure activity relationships (SAR) for 4AAC derivatives were investigated and reasons for the activities were determined. Probable binding pose for some CCR2 antagonists were determined from the perspectives of binding site. Initial modeling showed that Tyr49, Trp98, Ser101, Glu291, and additional residues are crucial for 4AAC binding, but MDS analysis showed that Ser101 may not be vital. 4AAC moved away from Ser101 and the hydrogen bonding between 4AAC and Ser101 vanished. The results of this study provide useful information regarding the structure-based drug design of CCR2 antagonists and additionally suggest key residues for further study by mutagenesis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1319-1322
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• 1999

Leucine zipper dynamically tunes the degree of bifurcation of the DNA binding segments in the basic region of the Fos-Jun bZIP complex. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that site-specific mutagenesis of conserved leucine residues inside the leucine zipper domain caused the change of dynamic behavior of the basic region, and efficient DNA binding occurs only within a certain range of distance between the two DNA binding segments in the basic region. Distribution of α-helices in the hinge region is also suggested to influence the bifurcation of the DNA binding segments.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.671-679
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• 2018

The paper is devoted to the stability analysis of a simply supported five layer sandwich beam. The beam consists of five layers: two metal faces, the metal foam core and two binding layers between faces and the core. The main goal is to elaborate a mathematical and numerical model of this beam. The beam is subjected to an axial compression. The nonlinear hypothesis of deformation of the cross section of the beam is formulated. Based on the Hamilton's principle the system of four stability equations is obtained. This system is approximately solved. Applying the Bubnov-Galerkin's method gives an ordinary differential equation of motion. The equation is then numerically processed. The equilibrium paths for a static and dynamic load are derived and the influence of the binding layers is considered. The main goal of the paper is an analytical description including the influence of binding layers on stability, especially on critical load, static and dynamic paths. Analytical solutions, in particular mathematical model are verified numerically and the results are compared with those obtained in experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.8-10
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• 2013

Inorganic binding material was made by recycled resource and its applicability as pile-filling material was examined. The result was that the material had same liquidity with the liquidity of OPC and high reactivity with site soil. According to dynamic/static loading tests by site test-construction, the inorganic binding material met both design bearing capacity and settlement. Since the inorganic binding material showed same or better performance than OPC, the utilization possibility of the inorganic binding material made of recycled resource as pile-filling material was verified.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.11
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• pp.899-908
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• 2020

Intrinsically disordered proteins or regions (IDPs or IDRs) are widespread in the eukaryotic proteome. Although lacking stable three-dimensional structures in the free forms, IDRs perform critical functions in various cellular processes. Accordingly, mutations and altered expression of IDRs are associated with many pathological conditions. Hence, it is of great importance to understand at the molecular level how IDRs interact with their binding partners. In particular, discovering the unique interaction features of IDRs originating from their dynamic nature may reveal uncharted regulatory mechanisms of specific biological processes. Here we discuss the mechanisms of the macromolecular interactions mediated by IDRs and present the relevant cellular processes including transcription, cell cycle progression, signaling, and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Of special interest is the multivalent binding nature of IDRs driving assembly of multicomponent macromolecular complexes. Integrating the previous theoretical and experimental investigations, we suggest that such IDR-driven multiprotein complexes can function as versatile allosteric switches to process diverse cellular signals. Finally, we discuss the future challenges and potential medical applications of the IDR research.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.85-93
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• 2010

This paper proposes a new dynamic hardware allocation and binding algorithm of a simultaneous allocation and binding for SOC design automation. The proposed algorithm works on scheduled input graph and simultaneously allocates binds functional units, interconnections and registers by considering interdependency between operations and storage elements in each control step, in order to share registers and interconnections connected to functional units, as much as possible. This paper shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by comparing experiments to determine number of function unit in advance or by comparing separated executing allocation and binding of existing system.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.746-758
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• 2006

Many objects existing on wide area environments have the replication characteristics according to how to categorize using their own names or properties. From the clients' requests, the existing naming and trading services have not supported with the binding service for replicated solver object with the same service type. For this reason, we present an integrated model that can support the selection of replicated object and dynamic binding services on wide-area computing environments. This model suggests provides not only location management of replicated objects but also active binding service which enables to select a least-loaded object on the system to keep the balance of load between systems. In this purpose, constructing both the service plan and model for support solver object's binding with replication property on wide area computing environments has been researched. In this paper, we showed the test environment and analyzed the performance evaluation of client/server binding procedures via integrated binding service in federation model and verified our model under the condition to see whether load balance can be applied to our model. For the performance evaluation of suggested wide area integrated binding service federation model, evaluated the integrated binding service of each domain and analyzed the performance evaluation of process for non-replication object's under federation model environment. Also, we analyzed the performance evaluation of the federation model between domains for wide area environment. From the execution results, we showed the federation model provides lowers search-cost on the physical tree structure of network.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.27-46
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• 2013

To reduce time to market for converged services, the service provider needs to combine external services and internal processes together, and IT architecture for converged services has to support it. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) enables the development of a converged service by combining external services and internal processes effectively. However, it is difficult for the existing SOA methods to support the evolution of a converged service, even though the service which consists of the converged service changes over time. In this paper, we argue that a method for profile-based dynamic service binding is required to support evolution of converged services. In order to identify requirements for the proposed method, a business scenario with a smart athletic equipment is given. We then present the concept and architecture of the method for profile-based dynamic service binding to meet the identified requirements. We also demonstrate a prototype implementation for evaluating the proposed method.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.12
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• pp.169-176
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• 2006

Since home network system is usually set up based on the built-in system inside home at the time of construction, it has a difficulty in being compatible with new devices after construction. In this paper, we propose DBS(Dynamic Binding System) that can make links effectively among the devices located in inside and outside of home networks. Implementation of the DBS is based on the ZigBee's binding in WPAN(Wireless Personal Area Network). For this research, we constructed the system consisting of home server that contains proxy server and location server, devices inside home in which tinyOS is embedded, and mobile device that is an emulator. The communication inside home is done by IEEE 802.15.4 protocol and the communication between servers and mobile devices outside home is done by TCP/IP protocol. Regardless of device's address format, the DBS facilitates a link among the devices located inside and outside of home networks. And, introducing a new device into home network can be recognized easily by exchanging messages between devices.