• Title/Summary/Keyword: duty our

검색결과 175건 처리시간 0.032초

119구급대의 활성화 방안에 관한 연구 (A Study on Activation device of 119 Emergency Care)

  • 고재문;김경완;정용태
    • 한국응급구조학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.27-40
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    • 2007
  • Even now, 119 rescue services have dissatisfactory aspects in operation, system and equipments as discussed above, It is the most urgent subject to systemize rescue services so that they can be suitable for our status, for we will make 21C welfare state come true before long. So, this author suggest that the followings have to be raised to activate 119 rescue service. 1) Bring up experts and offer high-quality rescue service 2) Prepare more up-to-date equipments 3) Operate transfer joint organizations 4) Promote the ability to meet with a press at the time of rescue service activities 5) Adjust regulations related to rescue services 6) Make up for a countermeasure to traffic accidents of ambulances 7) Adjust regulations making it mandatory to establish heliport at the target on hospitals more than a defined scale 8) Install more rescue service teams 9) Educate and train officials belonging to briefing rooms, where the officials with long experiences are arranged 10) Minimize the time for rescue team to reach fields 11) Establish legal protection system for rescue the team Nowadays, our country operates the department of fire fighting and rescue services without great difficulty, even though the circumstances are bad - insufficient members and the inferior circumstances. All of the fire fighting officials are given heavy duties in bad circumstances, and so are the team of rescue service. The rescue service team, taking charge of some emergency medical system, do a fire fighting inspection as a non-duty service, though they are scanty of sleep due to prevention and protection services of the fire fighting service team. But, they can not engage in rescue services completely and have to deal with miscellaneous duties. So they can not offer professional emergency medical services. But now, almost every fire fighting organization, belonging to National Emergency Management Agency, are separating rescue services, which shows a lot of good results. People recognize rescue services to get better and better gradually and the demands for this rescue services increase. So, this is the best time when rescue service teams should offer qualitative services rather than quantitative services. The people will recognize this rescue service team to be an organization sacrificing and serving for them. However well institutes and operation systems should be established, the rescue service team can not come true their aim without strong wills that they will serve and sacrifice themselves for people from their hearts. In addition, it is essential for the officials in charge of policies about emergency medical services to have a concernment on and practice the policy without failure.

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Internet 관련 범죄(犯罪)의 동향(動向)과 그 대책(對策) (The Trend of Internet Related Crimes and their Solution)

  • 송광섭
    • 시큐리티연구
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    • 제2호
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    • pp.99-123
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    • 1999
  • Internet related crimes are a crime which is inter-related with high specialization ${\cdot}$ technicality ${\cdot}$ leakage of information ${\cdot}$ intellectual-offence and deviant behavior. Without the accurate countermeasure, we can't achieve the desired end. So we should find out multilateral and general measure. Always crimes go in advance of the measure, so the counter measures against, computer crime can not be final. Nevertheless, we can't be careless in making the measure, but we should always consider a counter measure. 1995. 12. 29. our country revised criminal law and consolidated direct provisions, especially on the computer-hacking. But, inspite of the revision, especially on the computer-hacking. But, inspite of the revision, we have many problems'. So, first of all, through the positive and empirical study, we should revise criminal law and computer crime related provisions systematically. As the aspects and techniques of internet related crimes are always changing with the development of computer technology, there will be many problems with principle of legality, when we apply the existing abstract provisions to the new crime. We can not be lazy in studying the emerging internet related crimes and taking concrete shape of the provision. And it will be a big help to that desirable to import the foreign provision without consideration of our reality. Without the positive and empirical study on internet related crimes, sometimes important crime will be out of reach of the punishment. Due to these day's development of computer and technology of communication, the personal computers are widely supplied and especially PC communication and exchange of the informations became the most important function. With the advent of internet, new aspects of crimes are appearing. Up to now, the fraud by using the computer or the interference in the execution of duty by the illegal operation of computer was the leading aspects of computer crime, but nowadays with the advent of internet, database crime or network crime like the computer hacking became the important aspects of internet related crimes. These new aspects of internet related crimes are defusing into domains of traditional crimes. Nevertheless to follow and punish the acts on the internet is not technically easy, and as it is emerging international shape, to settle it by international law is not that easy. Harmful acts in the information-oriented society are very diverse in kinds and aspects, and it is difficult to enumerate. The point is that among the new acts in the information-oriented society we should decide which acts are to be punished and which acts are not to be punished. It is needless to say that the criminal law should be the last resort. But owing to the characters of the characteristics of the information-oriented society, when the traditional standards can be applied, the question of what is the basis and how it can be applied in a concrete way is not settled. And if it cannot be applied, how can we make new standard is also an unsettled question.

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미래형 대학도서관 모형개발 연구 (A Study on a Model for University Library in the Future)

  • 한상완;김태수;김석영;김성혁;문성빈
    • 한국문헌정보학회지
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    • 제29권
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    • pp.63-139
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    • 1995
  • At this point, the universities preparing the 21st century, require a great reform in various ways, especially a renovation of the function of the university library that can provide intellectual and information ability in information society is raised as an imminent task. Information technology, particularly the advanced technology in networking, have already constructed networks for university libraries using the information super-highway and it has enabled formation seekers to get the retrieved results transferred to their personal computers in a second. On the other hand, university libraries playing the most important role as an information center are still not corresponding effectively with the information age since it is tied down to the previous system, policy and tradition. The duty of university library is to distribute the accumulated, processed and stored academic information promptly and accurately to professors, researchers and students who are in need, and thereby to enhance their research capability, However, the present university libraries do not seem to be functioning smoothly due to the lack of an effective administrating system, budget, facilities, and human resources, Accordingly, our university libraries are in urgent need to be of a new and futuristic form appropriate for the 21st century. They must be able to cope with the growth of users' expectation in the future. This study examined several university libraries in the America, the structures of which have been reorganized, and also looked into the network(NACSIS) for the college and research libraries in Japan. In particular, the study focused on the following aspects : 1) changing role of university library, 2) new criteria for evaluating university libraries, 3) urgent need of a network for college and research libraries, 4) administrative support for the university libraries, and 5) case studies of the university libraries in the foreign countries. Finally, this study suggests a model for our university library in the 21st century.

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CCTV와 프라이버시 - 안전을 위한 도구인가, 감시의 눈인가? - (CCTV and Privacy - Tools for Security or Eyes of Surveillance? -)

  • 이윤복
    • 철학연구
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    • 제143권
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    • pp.215-244
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    • 2017
  • 과학기술은 인간의 행복한 삶을 위한 유용한 수단이기도 하지만, 그러나 또한 그것은 종종 새로운 문제를 발생시키는 원천이 되기도 한다. 과학기술의 산물인 CCTV의 경우에도 사정은 동일하다. 공적인 장소에 설치된 CCTV는 범죄를 예방하고, 그를 해결하는데 효과적인 수단으로 작용함으로써 우리의 공적인 공간을 안전하게 만드는데 크게 공헌하는 것이 된다. 그러나 그것이 이와 같은 밝은 측면만을 지니는 것은 아니다. 그것은 또한 개인의 프라이버시 침해와 소위 감시사회를 위한 도구로 사용될 수 있다는 어두운 측면을 동시에 지니고 있는 것이다. 이렇게 볼 때, CCTV에 관한 논의에 있어서 핵심적인 주제는 프라이버시, 안전, 감시가 될 것이다. 공적 장소에서의 CCTV는 안전한 사회를 만드는데 큰 역할을 할 수 있지만 또한 프라이버시 침해의 위험성도 동시에 지닌다. CCTV가 지닌 이러한 문제는 안전과 프라이버시 사이의 균형 혹은 조화에서 해결의 실마리가 찾아질 수 있으며, 이를 위해서는 그에 대한 윤리적 논의와 그에 근거한 사회적 합의가 필요할 것이다. 이는 결국 각자 자신의 행복을 추구하는 사회구성원들의 숙의를 통한 규범의 마련을 의미한다고 할 것이다. 다른 한편 CCTV의 확산은 네오맑시즘이나 푸고적인 접근에서 보여주듯이 소위 감시사회를 위한 도구로 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 동시에 지닌다. 이러한 위험의 가능성을 방지하기 위해서는 CCTV에 대한 정치사회철학적인 논의가 필요할 것이다. 결국 이런 위험은 모든 권력은 국민으로부터 나온다는 사실을 자각한 주권자로서의 시민들이 잠재적 감시권력을 감시 혹은 견제함으로써 방지될 수 있을 것이다.

한국 전통 음악 어법을 활용한 영화 음악의 연구 (An Analysis on the Application of Korean Traditional Music to Film)

  • 정수현;장민호
    • 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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    • 제13권7호
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    • pp.247-259
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    • 2019
  • 이 연구의 목적은, 한국 전통 음악의 어법을 활용하여 영화 음악을 발전시키기 위함이다. 2019년 현재 한국 영화 음악은 대부분 서양 악기 기반으로 만들어진다. 전통 음악이 쓰이는 빈도수를 확인해 보면, 서양 악기 기반의 음악보다 철저히 적음을 알 수 있으며, 1980년대 이전까지 한국 영화에서 다양하게 쓰이던 전통 악기와 전통 음악조차, 이제는 사극에서 내재적 음악으로 사용되는 데에 그치고 있는 것이 현실이다. 그리하여 전통 음악은 대중적으로 다가가기에 어렵다고 보는 관점이 많아지고 있으며, 많은 창작 음악 중에서도 영화 음악에는 거의 등장하지 않는다. 더 나아가 전통 악기의 음색을 사용하여 서양 악기를 흉내 내는 경우는 많은 반면, 전통 선법이나 장단, 시김새 등 전통 어법을 양악기로 연주하는 경우는 극히 드물다. 이는 필히 영화 음악을 작곡하는 음악가들의 전통 음악 어법이나 선법에 대한 제대로 된 이해가 부족함이 있을 것이며, 요즘의 음악 흐름에 전통 음악이 없기에 굳이 시도하지 않는 것이라고 생각된다. 하지만'전통'은, 그 나라의 역사와 문화, 생활, 성격 등을 모두 아우르며 그 민족을 나타내는 고유하고 특수한 것이다. 현재 디즈니사 영화나 할리우드 영화 등 세계적으로 유명한 영화를 살펴보면, 각 나라의 민속 음악을 활용하여 다양한 색채를 나타내는 월드 뮤직 형식이 많이 등장함을 알 수 있다. 이는 민속적인 색깔을 드러냄으로써 그 나라의 문화를 알리는 데 크게 일조한다. 하지만 한국의 색깔을 드러내는 영화나 음악은 찾아볼 수 없음이 현실이다. 이에 필자는 전통을 지켜내고자 하는 한국인으로서, 그리고 음악가로서 영화 음악에서 전통 어법을 사용한 음악이 필요하다는 것을 제안하였다. 제안 근거로 세계적으로 나라의 문화를 알리는데 일조한 중국 음악계의 '뉴웨이브' 양식과, 전통 어법이 서양 악기 양식으로 융화된 '탄둔'의 '와호장룡' 영화 음악을 예로 살펴보고, 그 음악으로 인한 효과를 한국 전통 음악에 대입했을 때도 훌륭한 효과를 나타낼 수 있을 것임을 증명하였다. 그를 통하여 영화 음악 작곡가들이 전통 음악을 더 잘 이해하고 하나의 음악을 만들어 내었을 때, 한국인만이 할 수 있는 가치 있는 음악이 완성되어 한국을 넘어 세계로 뻗어져 나갈 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 4차 산업혁명을 살아가고 있는 현재 그리고 미래에 우리의 목소리를 더 낼 수 있을 것이라고 기대한다.

최근국제항공보안대책(最近國際航空保安対策)의 제간제(諸間題) -특히 법적측면(法的測面)을 중심(中心)으로- (Some New Problems of International Aviation Security- Considerations Forcused on its Legal Aspects)

  • 최완식
    • 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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    • 제5권
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    • pp.53-75
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    • 1993
  • This article is concerned with the comment on "Some New Problems of International Aviation Security-Considerations Forcused on its Legal Aspects". Ever since 1970, in addition to the problem of failure to accept the Tokyo, Hague and Montreal Conventions, there has been also the problem of parties to them, failing to comply with their obligations under the respective treaties, in the form especially of nominal penalties or the lack of any effort to prosecute after blank refusals to extradite. There have also been cases of prolonged detention of aircraft, passengers and hostages. In this regard, all three conventions contain identical clauses which submit disputes between two or more contracting States concerning the interpretation or application of the respective conventions to arbitration or failing agreement on the organization of the arbitration, to the International Court of Justice. To the extent to which contracting States have not contracted out of this undertaking, as I fear they are expressly allowed to do, this promision can be used by contracting States to ensure compliance. But to date, this avenue does not appear to have been used. From this point of view, it may be worth mentioning that there appears to be an alarming trend towards the view that the defeat of terrorism is such an overriding imperative that all means of doing so become, in international law, automatically lawful. In addition, in as far as aviation security is concerned, as in fact it has long been suggested, what is required is the "application of the strictest security measures by all concerned."In this regard, mention should be made of Annex 17 to the Chicago Convention on Security-Safeguarding International Civil Aviation against Acts of Unlawful Intereference. ICAO has, moreover, compiled, for restricted distribution, a Security Manual for Safeguarding Civil Aviation Against Acts of Unlawful Interference, which is highly useful. In this regard, it may well be argued that, unless States members of ICAO notify the ICAO Council of their inability to comply with opecific standards in Annex 17 or any of the related Annexes in accordance with Article 38 of the 1944 Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, their failure to do so can involve State responsibility and, if damage were to insure, their liability. The same applies to breaches of any other treaty obligation. I hope to demonstrate that although modes of international violence may change, their underlying characteristics remain broadly similar, necessitating not simply the adoption of an adequate body of domestic legislation, firm in its content and fairly administered, but also an international network of communication, of cooperation and of coordination of policies. Afurther legal instrument is now being developed by the Legal Committee of ICAO with respect to unlawful acts at International airports. These instruments, however, are not very effective, because of the absence of universal acceptance and the deficiency I have already pointed out. Therefore, States, airports and international airlines have to concentrate on prevention. If the development of policies is important at the international level, it is equally important in the domestic setting. For example, the recent experiences of France have prompted many changes in the State's legislation and in its policies towards terrorism, with higher penalties for terrorist offences and incentives which encourage accused terrorists to pass informations to the authorities. And our government has to tighten furthermore security measures. Particularly, in the case an unarmed hijacker who boards having no instrument in his possession with which to promote the hoax, a plaintiff-passenger would be hard-pressed to show that the airline was negligent in screening the hijacker prior to boarding. In light of the airline's duty to exercise a high degree of care to provide for the safety of all the passengers on board, an acquiescence to a hijacker's demands on the part of the air carrier could constitute a breach of duty only when it is clearly shown that the carrier's employees knew or plainly should have known that the hijacker was unarmed. The general opinion is that the legal oystem could be sufficient, provided that the political will is there to use and apply it effectively. All agreed that the main responsibility for security has to be borne by the governments. A state that supports aviation terrorism is responsible for violation of International Aviation Law. Generally speaking, terrorism is a violation of international law. It violates the sovereign rights of states, and the human rights of the individuals. We have to contribute more to the creation of a general consensus amongst all states about the need to combat the threat of aviation terrorism. I think that aviation terrorism as becoming an ever more serious issue, has to be solved by internationally agreed and closely co - ordinated measures.

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남북한 보건의료관계법규 비교분석;보건의료자원 중 시설과 인력을 중심으로 (A Comparative Study of The Health laws in North Korea and South Korea.)

  • 김주희
    • 간호행정학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.321-349
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    • 1998
  • Since 1990 the effort for unification has been active in each department of our society. But the study for health policy in Unified Korea has been scarce. Unified Korea should be a democracy and a constitutional state. So we should have lively discussion on the health law as well as unified general laws. The purpose of this study is to compare the health law of South Korea and North Korea and to understand the differences in them. We guess both Korea are considerably different each other. But this study found out that there are many health related laws that have same goals and contents. The reason for this is that both health laws have its root in Korea Law. And the right to health is the social basic right. whose characteristic can not be compatible with market economy and demands state intervention for securing the right to health. The health related laws are divided into 4 fileds. 1. There is a field A which is affected by unified political and economic system and differs little from the law system: the license system of medical personnel. 2. There is a field B which is seldom affected by unified political and economic system and differs little from the law system: the right and duty of medical personnel. quarantine law. 3. There is a field C which is affected by unified political and economic system and differs greatly from the law system: health institution law(exclusive of quarantine law), the laws of medical personnel category, of research center(especially per-mission, registration and establishment). of the role of basic health in private and public area. 4. There is a field D which is seldom affected by unified political and economic system and differs greatly from the law system: health equipment law(the laws of drugs, of cosmetics and of medical instrument. of blood management). the laws of health knowledge. of cooperation in chinese medicine and western medicine. the health promotion law. the rules of first-aid. the law of separation of dispensary from medical practice. The laws which are seldom affected by political and economic system can be consolidated. which in turn can be revised and enacted before unification of Korea through the interchange between North Korea and South Korea and the support to North Korea health system.

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유아교사의 인성에 따른 유아 인성교육의 인식 및 실태 (A study on Teacher's Perception, the actual condition for the Early Childhood Character Education depend on Teacher's Personality)

  • 손은경;유지은;김숙희;손혜경
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제16권12호
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    • pp.8915-8926
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 유아교사의 인성과 개인변인에 따른 인성의 차이를 살펴보고, 유아교사의 인성 집단에 따른 유아 인성교육에 대한 인식, 실태를 알아보는 것이 목적이다. 이에 충청도 D시에 근무하고 있는 유아교사 194명을 대상으로 하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0 program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 유아교사의 인성은 경력과 연령에 따라 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 유아 인성교육에 대한 인식에서는 유아교사는 인성교육의 필요성과 중요성을 공감하고 있었으나 그에 따른 실천방법에 대한 부재가 장애요인이었다. 셋째, 인성이 높은 집단은 교사의 인간관계 덕목과 생명존중 및 인간애가 중요한 덕목이라고 인식하고 있었다. 넷째, 유아 인성교육에 대한 실태에서는 유아 인성교육의 목적을 인간존중으로 보았으며 바른 가치관이 교육의 내용으로 전 영역을 통한 지도를 해야 한다고 인식하였다. 다섯째, 인성이 낮은 집단의 교사는 직무수행이 교사의 덕목이며 유아는 예절이 필요한 덕목이라고 인식하고 있었다. 인성교육의 목적과 내용을 예절교육이라고 인식하고 있었으며 가정과의 연계를 통한 지도가 바람직하다고 인식하였다. 이에 유아에게 인성교육을 하기 위해서는 무엇보다 교사 자신 스스로 반성적 사고를 할 수 있는 기회가 필요하다.

카메라 장착 드론에 대한 지상 제3자의 법익 보호 - 독일의 하급심 판결을 중심으로 - (Third Party's Legal Interest Protection from Commercialization of Drones -A focus on Decision of the German District Court-)

  • 김성미
    • 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.3-32
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    • 2020
  • 급증하는 드론 운용과 더불어 카메라가 장착된 드론은 제3자 개인의 인격권 및 재산권 침해 우려가 있다는 논의는 이미 선행연구에서 지적되었다. 하지만 아직 국내에서는 드론 관련 판례를 찾아보기 어렵다. 독일 법원(Potsdam)의 경우 카메라 장착 드론으로 이웃집 마당을 비행한 사안에서 독일 「민법」 제1004조제1항제2문을 근거로 드론 운영자의 주의의무 해태에 따른 재발위험 방지를 위하여 토지소유자의 예방적부작위청구권을 인용한 바 있다. 또한 자신의 앞마당을 비행하는 카메라장착 드론을 격추한 사건에서도 최근 독일 법원(Riesa)은 카메라 장착 드론이 제3자의 사생활 영역을 비행하는 것은 독일 「형법」 제201조a에 따른 사생활침해에 해당하는 위법한 행위이므로 「형법」 34조 및 「민법」 제288조, 제904조 긴급피난에 해당하므로 형사상 재물손괴죄를 기각하였다. 해외의 사례를 직접적으로 국내에 적용하기는 어려우나, 유사한 사건은 충분히 국내에서도 발생될 수 있으므로 독일 하급심 판결이 국내에 주는 시사점은 크다고 할 수 있다. 국내적으로 카메라를 장착한 드론의 수요가 급증하는 만큼 법익침해에 관한 구체적 방안이 논의될 시점이다.

재난관리조직의 실태분석과 발전방안 (A Study on Practical Analyzing and Improving Disaster Management Organization of Korean Government)

  • 권오한;남상화;이춘하
    • 한국화재소방학회논문지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.127-138
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    • 2001
  • 재난관리업무 자체가 매우 복잡하고 각 부처간에 서로 연계되는 분야가 많아 여러 가지 어려움이 많지만 행정조직상으로 볼 때 재난관리업무가 분산되어 있으면서도 총괄 조정하는 기능이 미흡하고, 재난관리 담당인력이 부족할 뿐만 아니라 전문성도 결여되어 있고, 대개는 이들 부서들이 업무가 과중하여 기피하는 부서 정도로 인식되고 있는 실정이다. 특히 우리나라의 경우 재난을 크게 양분화하여 인위재난 및 자연재해를 분리하여 그 소관부서 및 법체계를 달리하고 있어 비효율적 재난관리체제를 취하고 있어 현재 미국에서의 재난이론의 개념 즉 "재난은 그 유형에 관계없이 계획, 수습 및 복구의 양태는 동일하다"는 원칙에 반하는 것이다. 그것은 지방자치제가 시행되면서 아직은 중앙과 지방의 역할이 불분명하거나 분명하더라도 서로 그 역할을 해 내기를 바라는 점은 철저한 계획수립과 점검으로 해결해 나가야 할 사항이다.

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