• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(역학)
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• pp.332-335
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• 1994

Compared to other variables being considered in therapeutics, patient compliance has long been given minor attention although it affects every aspect of medical care; Limited methodology of compliance measurement, in particular, has hampered major progress in research, and pre-conceptions have been reiterated. However, there is a recent surge in interest derived from new data revealed by reliable methods, i.g. continuous medication (compliance) monitoring. The visualization of dynamics in drug regimen compliance over time offers unique opportunities, both to scientific drug evaluation and therapeutics in medical practice. New perspectives related to the descriptive and explanatory side of the problem are outlined by giving examples from various therapeutic fields.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 1999

This study was conducted to examine factors in relation to attitude and behavior of drug abuse in middle school students, and provide guidelines for drug education for adolescents. The summary of results was as follows: 1. The mean of attitude about drug abuse were 3.44 (1st graders), 3.40 (2nd graders), 3.20 (3rd graders) of full score 4.00. Attitude about drug abuse related to sex in girls is more desirable than boys' (p<0.001). 2. 3rd grade students experienced smoking and alcohol use to the highest degree in the last one month. Boys had more experiences of smoking and alcohol use than girls. Most motivations of students' drug abuse were curiosity and the influence of peer: 3. The higher the scores of self-assertion is, the higher the scores of attitude about drug abuse is. And the higher the scores of problem solving ability is, the higher the scores of attitude about drug abuse is. 4. Self-assertion and problem solving ability were positively correlated with attitude about drug abuse. Otherwise, the attitude about drug abuse was negatively correlated with drug abuse behavior. 5. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor to drug abuse behavior was the attitude about drug abuse, Problem solving ability and self-assertion is accountable factor to the attitude about drug abuse. This result indicated that effective problem solvers or self-asserters have desirable attitude about drug abuse and less possibility to abuse drug. In conclusions, school drug education is necessary to enhance the ability of self-assertion by which students cope against peer pressure and problem solving ability by which students identify or discover effective strategies of coping with problematic situations encountered in daily living.

• 약학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2015

Analytical method for related substances can be categorized into two methods depending on the necessity of reference standard (RS). The analytical method of related substances with RS is fast and accurate, but it's very expensive and technically difficult to synthesize RS due to their complicated structure. Another method is using relative retention time (RRT) and relative response factor (RRF) which are already validated with RS. Validation of this method is not easy and time consuming, but once it has been developed, it can save cost and time. In this study, we developed the analytical method for related substances of fenofibrate using RRT and RRF. We validated the method by evaluating specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision according to the "Manual for Guideline Application for Validation of Analytical Procedures" of MFDS. Also, we calculated RRT and RRF between fenofibrate and fenofibrate related substances. The results of this study showed high specificity for fenofibrate and fenofibrate related substances. Correlation coefficient(r) of all substances were more than 0.99, and the recovery of fenofibrate, fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were 99.44%, 100.84%, 99.14% and 101.58%, respectively. Precision of fenofibrate and its related substances were ranged between RSD 0.29% and 0.93%. Quantification limits of fenofibrate, fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were determined to be $0.03{\mu}g/ml$, $0.05{\mu}g/ml$, $0.04{\mu}g/ml$ and $0.02{\mu}g/ml$, respectively by confirming signal to noise ratio of each chromatogram. The RRT for fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were determined to be 0.35, 0.41 and 1.34, respectively. Also, the RRF for fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were determined to be 1.28, 0.98 and 0.79, respectively. The developed method was applied to determine contents for fenofibrate related substances in commercial fenofibrate (active pharmaceutical ingredient). As a result, developed analytical methods of related substances will be used for revising the monograph of fenofibrate in Korean Pharmacopoeia revision and contribute quality control of drugs by improving cost and time consuming problem of RS.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.245-257
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the present condition of drug abuse and its association with depression, self-rated health and health behaviors by job status in Korean adults. Methods: Data were derived from the study on four addiction problem and suicide in 2014. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze patterns of drug abuse according to depression, self-rated health and health behaviors. Results: The prevalence of drug abuse during the past year was 17.1% of the 4,018 subjects. About 3.3 times risk for drug abuse was found among individuals who had high depression scores. The risk of drug abuse was higher among those who were smoking (OR:1.46, 95% CI:1.17~1.83), drinking more frequently (OR:1.30, 95% CI:1.07~1.58), sleeping insufficiently (OR:1.31, 95% CI:1.03~1.67), eating irregularly (OR:1.45, 95% CI:1.19~1.76). Drug abuse problem was detected more seriously among employed than unemployed adults. Conclusion: Health-related behaviors, such as smoking, drinking, sleeping, eating should be considered simultaneously when designing strategies to deal with drug abuse problem, and it is important to understand the interaction between drug abuse and mental health. Furthermore, workplace based intervention can be effective in solving drug abuse problem.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aims to identify differences in problem gambling among Korean university students by gender and to analyze the relationship between problem gambling and health risk behaviors. Methods: With a sample of 2,026 4-year university students, a questionnaire included CPGI (Canadian Problem Gambling Index) scale and health risk behavior items was administered. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA were performed on the data. Results: The prevalence of gambling addiction of male students(14.6%) was two times higher than that of female students(6.6%). The severity of problem gambling was higher in: smokers, those with drug use experience, heavy drinkers, and those with frequently recurring suicidal thoughts, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that the problem gambling of university students is a complicated and comprehensive public health problem that is related with health risk behaviors such as alcohol drinking, smoking, drug use, and suicidal thoughts. Prevention strategies and policies are suggested based on the study results.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.167.2-168
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• 2003

Anticancer drug resistance occasionally occurs in malignant hematologic diseases such as acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) treated with chemotherapy and is a major problem to complete remission. Malignant cells primarily induce intrinsic resistance to treatment of anticancer drug, but gradually obtain acquired resistance to cytotoxic activities of chemotherapy. In this study, we monitored the expression profiles of doxorubicin resistance-related genes in AML-2/DX100, a doxorubicin-resistant human acute myelocytic leukemia cell line. (omitted)

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2013

Chronic noncancer pain is a significant and growing public health challenge in the United States. Lacking effective alternative interventions for effective chronic noncancer pain management, many physicians have turned to opioid pharmacotherapy. Increased opioid prescribing brings not only gains in therapeutic benefit but also a higher incidence of adverse drug events including increased medication misuse and opioid related mortality. Currently the United States must confront the dual problems of widespread undertreated chronic noncancer pain and a prescription opioid abuse crisis. Withholding pain relieving drugs from patients in need is unjustifiable, yet drug diversion, abuse and adverse drug events have become major social as well as medical problems. At the heart of this crisis is the lack of definitive evidence about the risk to benefit ratio of opioid pharmacotherapy for chronic noncancer pain both on an individual case and on a population basis. This article describes the extent and severity of the American chronic noncancer pain problem and the history of opioid pharmacotherapy for chronic noncancer pain in the United States. It then discusses the concept of evidence based practice and reviews current evidence supporting opioid pharmacotherapy for chronic noncancer pain as well as adverse drug events related to opioid pharmacotherapy including misuse and abuse. Finally, it considers the conflict of providing pain relief versus protecting society and reviews steps that governmental agencies, industry and others are taking to contain and ultimately resolve the problems of excessive prescribing and conflicting priorities.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제78권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2015

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, and the incidence of TB cases has not significantly decreased over the past decade in Korea. The standard short course regimen is highly effective against TB, but requires multiple TB-specific drugs and a long treatment duration. Recent studies using late-generation fluoroquinolones and/or high-dose rifapentine-containing regimens to shorten the duration of TB treatment showed negative results. Extending the treatment duration may be considered in patients with cavitation on the initial chest radiograph and positivity in sputum culture at 2 months of treatment for preventing TB relapse. Current evidence does not support the use of fixed-dose combinations compared to separate drugs for the purpose of improving treatment outcomes. All patients receiving TB treatment should be monitored regularly for response to therapy, facilitation of treatment completion, and management of adverse drug reactions. Mild adverse effects can be managed with symptomatic therapy and changing the timing of the drug administration, but severe adverse effects require a discontinuation of the offending drugs.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.74-78
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• 2007

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy and has often ended up with termination of the therapy. The aim of this study was to identify any fractions of Korean red ginseng that would be effective in modulating for MDR. Although ginsenosides have been reviewed as possible MDR modulators, the MDR modulation activity of the other component is unknown. Therefore, a red ginseng was extracted with methanol, ether, ethylacetate, and n-butanol, followed by several fractionations by silica gel chromatography. And the activity of MDR modulating for these fractions was examined via sulforrhodamine B assay. We have found that several ether fractions, as nonsaponin components are effective on MDR modulation. We have expect that these results helpful to improvement of cancer chemotherapy.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.109-124
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• 2003

This study conducted multiple logistic regression to investigate what factors and how much they influence problem drinking. In this study, problem drinking was defined by AUDIT and NAST. Most of the studies on problem drinking focused on socio-demographic factors even though problem drinking is caused by bio-psycho- socio-cultural factors. The current study tried to estimate a logistric regression models including socio-demographic, environmental, psychological, economical, emotional, values, and MMPI factors. The best fit model suggested that problem drinking, which was determined by AUDIT, of college students were related to sociodemographic, environmental, psychological, and emotional factors. Students who were male, whose father, brother or sister had been abused alcohol or drug, students thought that his/her mother had not trusted him/her, who worried about his/her health, smokers, who had strong impulsivity, who had three or more feelings among the sorts of feelings, such as sadness, loneliness, boring making him/her feel to drink alcohol were more likely to had drinking problem. Students who were indulgers-who could not help buying things immediately after they saw goods they like, who were smokers, who had low ego-control, who had three or more feelings among the sorts of feelings, such as become excited, anxiousness, healthy were more likely to be dependent on alcohol. The study suggested intervention programs for college students to prevent problem alcohol drinking and alcohol dependency.