• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to investigate the resuscitation outcomes and the clinical characteristics of non-traumatic drug-induced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by analyzing data from a single institution's registry. Method: We conducted a retrospective study of 795 patients who came to the emergency department with non-traumatic drug-induced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the period $1991{\~}2004$. Only patients over 18 years of age were included. Clinical characteristics. variables associated with cardiac arrest, and data during resuscitation were obtained from our cardiac arrest database. Patients were divided into two groups: drug-induced cardiac arrest (drug group, n=33), and non drug-induced cardiac arrest (non-drug group, n=762). Results: Spontaneous circulation was restored in 23 ($72{\%}$) patients in the drug group and in 314 ($45{\%}$) patients in the non-drug group ($x^2=0.020$). The patients who discharged alive number were 46 ($6{\%}$) in the non-drug group and 0 ($0{\%}$) in the drug group ($x^2=0.005$). The witnessed arrest, the epinephrine doses, and total defibrillation energy were not different between two groups. Conclusion: The return of spontaneous circulation rate was higher in the drug group than the non-drug group. However the drug group was lower survival discharge rate than in the non-drug group.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.474-478
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• 1999

Modulation of unscheduled DNA synthesis by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) after exposure to various chemical carcinogens was investigated in the primary rat hepatocytes. Unscheduled DNA synthesis was induced by treatment of such direct acting carcinogens as methly methanesulfonate (MMS) and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) or procarcinogens including benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Unscheduled DNA synthesis was determined by measuring [methyl-3H]thymidine radioactivity incorporated into nuclear DNA of hepatocytes treated with carcinogens in the presence or absence of DHEA. Hydroxyurea $(5{\times}10^{-3} M)$was added to growth medium to selectively suppress normal replication. DHEA at concentrations ranging from $(1{\times}10^{-6} M)$ to$(5{\times}10^{-4} M)$ did not significantly inhibit unscheduled DNA synthesis induced by either MMS $(1{\times}10^{-4} M)$ or EMS $(1{\times}10^{-2} M)$. In contrast, DHEA-significantly inhibited unscheduled DNA synthesis induced by BaP $(6.5{\times}10^{-5} M)$ and DMBA.$(2{\times}10^{-5} M)$. DHEA-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was examined using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release as an indicator of cytotoxicity. DHEA exhibit no significant increase in LDH release compared with the control at 18 h. These data suggest that nontoxic concentration of DHEA does not affect the DNA excision repair process, but it probably influence the enzymatic system responsible for the metabolic activation of procarcinogens and thereby decreases the amount of the effective DNA adducts formed by the ultimate reactive carcinogenic species.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2019

Limonene is a cyclic terpene found in citrus essential oils and inhibits methamphetamine- induced locomotor activity. Drug dependence is a severe neuropsychiatric condition that depends in part on changes in neurotransmission and neuroadaptation, induced by exposure to recreational drugs such as morphine and methamphetamine. In this study, we investigated the effects of limonene on the psychological dependence induced by drug abuse. The development of sensitization, dopamine receptor supersensitivity, and conditioned place preferences in rats was measured following administration of limonene (10 or 20 mg/kg) and methamphetamine (1 mg/kg) for 4 days. Limonene inhibits methamphetamine- induced sensitization to locomotor activity. Expression of dopamine receptor supersensitivity induced by apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, was significantly reduced in limonenepretreated rats. However, there was no significant difference in methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preferences between the limonene and control groups. These results suggest that limonene may ameliorate drug addiction-related behaviors by regulating postsynaptic dopamine receptor supersensitivity.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report that patient diagnosed as drug-induced liver injury treated with herbal and western medicine improve liver function test. Methods : We treated the patient diagnosed as drug-induced liver injury caused by antibiotics with Hepatotonics and Cheonggan-tang Gagam(淸肝湯加減). Then, We followed up the result of liver function test. After the result of liver function test improved, we diagnosed the patient with Korean medical methods, and evaluated the symptom of Cerebral infarction and liver function test treating the patient with Jihwangumja (地黃飮子). Result : After our treatment, Liver function test and symptoms of Cerebral infarction result improved. Conclusion : Use of Western medicine with herbal medicine can improved liver function test of drug-induced liver injury effectively and herbal medicine do not disturb the liver function.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this case study is to report the effect of Korean Medicine treatment on a patient diagnosed with drug-induced liver injury by oral administration of acetaminophen. Methods: A 21-year-old male patient with drug-induced liver injury visited the clinic five times from January 28th, 2019 to March 16th, 2019. The patient took Saenggan-tang extract during the treatment period. Results: The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were significantly decreased. The chief complaints of the patient, such as yellow-red urine and fatigue, were also relieved. Conclusion: Traditional Korean medicine has a beneficial effect on drug-induced liver injury.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.405-412
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• 1994

연구배경: 항결핵제에 의한 간염의 빈도는 감염성 간염이나 만성 간질환의 이환이 빈번한 국민을 대상으로 한 연구에서 비교적 높은 빈도를 보이고 있으며, 우리나라에서도 1980년대 이후 결핵치료에 있어 isoniazid, rifampin은 물론 pyrazinamide를 포함한 처방을 기본으로 결핵치료를 하고 있는 바 간독성이 문제될 것으로 생각되어 임상적 양상을 조사하였다. 방법: 1988년 1월 1일부터 1993년 6월 30일까지 5년 6개월간 국립의료원 흉부내과에 활동성 결핵으로 진단되어 항결핵제를 복용한 1414예 중 약제에 의한 간염을 야기하였던 29예를 대상으로 후향적으로 이들에 대해 임상적 양상을 조사하였다. 결과: 1) 항결핵제에 의한 간염 발생률은 2.1% 였다. 2) 항결핵제에 의한 간염 발생률에는 남녀간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 연령에 따른 유의한 차이도 없었고, 결핵의 병행에 따른 유의한 차이도 없었다. 3) 약제에 의한 간염이 발생한 29예 중 62%인 18예가 임상증상 없이 투약을 시작한 후 정기적으로 시행하는 간기능 검사에서 발견된 경우였고, 증상이 있었던 경우에는 오심 및 구토가 많았으며, 이학적 검사상 황달, 간비대, 공막황달, 우측상복부동통 등이 관찰되었다. 4) 투약후 비정상적 간기능 검사 소견을 보이기 까지의 기간은 $31{\pm}8$(Meam${\pm}$SD)일로서 5일에서 180일까지의 범위였고, 투약후 1개월에 항결핵제에 의한 간염발생의 76%인 22예가 발생하였다. 5) 29예 중 27예에서 항결핵제 중단후 간기능검사 소견이 정상화되었고 $28{\pm}5$(Meam${\pm}$SD)일의 기간이 소요되었으며, 5일에서 121일까지의 범위였다. 6) 항결핵제에 의한 간염이 발생한 29예 중 1예에서 전격성간염이 발생하여 사망하였다. 7) GOT는 $243{\pm}45$(Meam${\pm}$SD)U/L로서 64~1055U/L의 범위였고, GPT는 $208{\pm}36$(Meam${\pm}$SD)U/L로서 68~931U/L의 범위였다. 결론: 항결핵제 투여 중 나타나는 간기능 장애는 그 빈도가 낮고 대부분 경증으로 투약에 제한을 받지 않지만 간혹 투약 중단에도 불구하고 전격성간염으로 이환되기도한다. 때문에 간염의 증후를 조기에 진단하고 대처하는 것이 요구되는데, 이를 위해서는 정기적인 간기능검사가 필요하고, 특히 투약을 시작한지 1개월까지는 긴밀한 관찰이 필요하다.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.164-164
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• 2001

Manganese (Mn) intoxication causes a parkinsonian syndrome. It may be difficult to distinguish Mn-induced parkinsonism from idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD). Neuropathological descriptions on the brains with Mn intoxication showed the preferential damage in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticularis.(omitted)

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2012

Objectives : This study is about two patients of drug-induced secondary parkinsonism caused by antipsychotic drugs. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effects of Sasang constitutional medicine. Methods : These two patients were treated by Sasang constitutional herbal medications based on "Donguisusebowon". We evaluated the symptoms through the score of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS). Results and Conclusions : The patients' chief complaints were improved. This study shows that Sasang constitutional herbal medications are an effective treatment for drug-induced secondary parkinsonism patients, but further studies are still necessary.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2017

Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is an intrinsic phenomenon whereby 3~4 consecutive ischemia-reperfusion cycles to a remote tissue (non-cardiac) increases the tolerance of the myocardium to sustained ischemia-reperfusion induced injury. Remote ischemic preconditioning induces the local release of chemical mediators which activate the sensory nerve endings to convey signals to the brain. The latter consequently stimulates the efferent nerve endings innervating the myocardium to induce cardioprotection. Indeed, RIPC-induced cardioprotective effects are reliant on the presence of intact neuronal pathways, which has been confirmed using nerve resection of nerves including femoral nerve, vagus nerve, and sciatic nerve. The involvement of neurogenic signaling has been further substantiated using various pharmacological modulators including hexamethonium and trimetaphan. The present review focuses on the potential involvement of neurogenic pathways in mediating remote ischemic preconditioning-induced cardioprotection.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.268-272
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• 2012

Nephrotoxicity occurs when kidney-specific detoxification and excretion do not work properly due to the damage or destruction of kidney function by exogenous or endogenous toxicants. Exposure to drugs often results in toxicity in kidney which represents the major control system maintaining homeostasis of body and thus is especially susceptible to xenobiotics. Understanding the toxic mechanisms for nephrotoxicity provides useful information on the development of drugs with therapeutic benefits with reduced side effects. Mechanisms for drug-induced nephrotoxicity include changes in glomerular hemodynamics, tubular cell toxicity, inflammation, crystal nephropathy, rhabdomyolysis, and thrombotic microangiopathy. Biomarkers have been identified for the assessment of nephrotoxicity. The discovery and development of novel biomarkers that can diagnose kidney damage earlier and more accurately are needed for effective prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Although some of them fail to confer specificity and sensitivity, several promising candidates of biomarkers were recently proved for assessment of nephrotoxicity. In this review, we summarize mechanisms of drug-induced nephrotoxicity and present the list of drugs that cause nephrotoxicity and biomarkers that can be used for early assessment of nephrotoxicity.