• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.1396-1399
• /
• 2005

Gas permeability of the solidified sewage sludge needs to be characterized in order to use as a large-scale landfill cover material. Four different types of the samples were prepared for gas permeability experiments: (1) granite soil, (2) dried sewage sludge, (3) solidified sewage mixed with slag and (4) solidified sewage mixed with granite soils. The experimental instrumentation and measurement devices were newly designed and created to effectively evaluate gas permeability of the samples.

• Advances in environmental research
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.169-178
• /
• 2016

This study aimed at determining the treatability of high-strength wastewater (chemical oxygen demand, COD>4000 mg/L) using combined anaerobic-aerobic granular sludge in lagoon systems. The lagoon systems were simulated in laboratory-scale aerated and non-aerated batch processes inoculated with dried granular microorganisms at a dose of 0.4 g/L. In the anaerobic batch, a removal efficiency of 25% was not attained until the 12th day. It took 14 days of aerobic operation to achieve sCOD removal efficiency of 94% at COD:N:P of 100:4:1. The best removal efficiency of sCOD (96%) was achieved in the sequential anaerobic-aerobic batch of 12 days and 2 days, respectively at COD:N:P ratio of 200:4:1. Sequential anaerobic-aerobic treatment can achieve efficient and cost effective treatment for high-strength wastewater in lagoon systems.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 현재 크게 문제가 되고 있는 하수슬러지를 처리하고 흡착제로 재활용하기 위해 탄화와 수증기 활성화를 동시에 진행시켜 하수슬러지 흡착제를 제조하고 흡착특성을 파악하였다. 양질의 흡착제를 제조하기 위해 변수별 연구를 진행하였고, 그 결과 최적 탄화 수증기활성화 조건은 유입 탄화활성화 온도 $840^{\circ}C$, 수증기량 70 g/min, 탄화활성화 시간 30 min, 건조슬러지 주입량 10.8 kg/d로 결정되었다. 이때 요오드 흡착능은 328.1 mg/g으로 나타났다. nanoPOROSITY, FE-SEM, EDS를 이용하여 각각의 세공 발달과 구조, 원소성분 및 함량을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 하수슬러지 흡착제의 경우 매립장 침출수 흡착제, VOCs 처리용 흡착제 등의 사용이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.254-260
• /
• 2024

This study is to manufacture a titanium dioxide (TiO₂) photocatalyst by recycling sludge generated using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) as a coagulant. Compared to general sewage, a TiCl₄ coagulant was applied to dyeing wastewater containing a large amount of non-degradable organic compounds to evaluate its performance. Then the generated sludge was dried and fired to prepare a photocatalyst (TFS). Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen oxide reduction experiments were conducted to analyze the surface properties and evaluate the photoactive ability of the prepared TFS. After using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) as a coagulant in the dyeing wastewater, the water quality characteristics were measured at 84 mg/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 10 mg/L of T-N, and 0.9 mg/L of T-P to satisfy the discharge water quality standards. The surface properties of the TFS were investigated and the anatase crystal structure was observed. It was confirmed that the ratio of Ti and O, the main components of TiO₂, accounted for more than 90 %. As a result of the nitric oxide (NO) reduction experiment, 1.56 uMol of NO was reduced to confirm a removal rate of 20.60 %. This is judged to be a photocatalytic performance similar to that of the existing P-25. Therefore, by applying TiCl₄ to the dyeing wastewater, it is possible to solve the problems of the existing coagulant and to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide generated, using an eco-friendly sludge treatment method. In addition, it is believed that environmental and economic advantages can be obtained by manufacturing TiO₂ at an eco-friendly and lower cost than before.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.45-57
• /
• 1998

이 실험의 목적은 혼합된 제지 하수슬러지에 최적의 공극개선재로서 woodchips의 혼합비율을 설정하기 위한 것이다. 공극개선재는 제지슬러지와 하수슬러지(건물중 2:1)혼합물에 0(W-0), 20(W-20), 33(W-33), 50(W-50)%의 부피비로 혼합되었고 강제송풍에 의한 정체식으로 퇴비화를 실시하였다. 퇴비의 부숙도를 평가하기 위하여 이화학성 변화를 조사하였다. W-33과 W-50 처리구에서 온도는 퇴비화가 시작하자마자 상승하여 5일째 $60^{\circ}C$ 이상까지 이르렀다. 열수가용성 C/N율의 감소는 퇴비화 초기에 W-0과 W-20 처리구에 비해 W-33과 W-50 처리구에서 두드러졌다. 열수가용성 $NO_3{^-}-N$은 퇴비화 초기에 거의 변화를 보이지 않다가 퇴비화 20일 이후에 빠르게 증가하였으며 W-0 처리구가 그 증가량이 가장 적었다. G.I.값은 W-50 처리구에서 20일째, W-0은 30일째 이후 80이상으로 높아졌다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 공극개선재의 혼합은 33%이상이 합리적이었으나, 특히 W-50 처리구는 송풍에 의한 온도조절이 어려웠으며, 공극개선재의 구입 및 단가 그리고 생산되는 퇴비량을 고려한다면 공극개선재를 33% 혼합하는 것이 가장 이상적이다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.327-337
• /
• 2017

반 건조 소화 하수슬러지와 폐플라스틱을 혼합하여 파일롯 규모(85.3kg/hr)의 연속식 저온($510^{\circ}C{\sim}530^{\circ}C$) 열분해 실험을 하였다. 실험결과 열분해가스 발생량은 투입물 건량의 최대 68.3%, 발열량은 $40.9MJ/Nm^3$이었으며, 연속식 열분해에 따른 외기 유입율이 19.6%이었다. 오일은 투입물 건량의 4.2%가 발생하였고, 저위발열량은 32.5 MJ/kg이었으며 시설부식 등을 일으킬 수 있는 황과 염소의 함량이 각각 0.2% 이상이었다. 투입물 건량의 27.5%가 발생한 탄화물의 저위 발열량은 10.2 MJ/kg이었고, 용출시험 결과 지정폐기물에 해당하지 않았다. 열분해가스의 연소 배가스는 일산화탄소, 황산화물, 시안화수소 등의 배출농도가 특히 높았고, 다이옥신 (PCDDs/DFs)은 $0.034ng-TEQ/Sm^3$로서 법적 기준치 이내였다. 건조 배가스 응축으로 발생한 폐수는 수질오염물질 47개 항목 중 총질소, n-H 추출물질, 시안 등의 고농도 항목이 많아 전처리 후 하수처리장 등에서의 병합처리 방식을 고려할 필요가 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.62-69
• /
• 1998

It has been studied that the measurement of odor component emission at confectionery manufacture. The objects of this study were to investigate reduction of offensive odor. The survey effects of odorous materials are presented as follows. The countermeasure of operating process is to minimize sludge sediment in each unit facility. Especially, in summer, we have to clean the sludge frequently, because anaerobic decomposing is likely to occur easily. The sludge or scum from sedimentation tank pond, and floating tank should be treated quickly. We should avoid overloading operation. In the case of overloading, dissolved oxygen should be increased, the quality of wastewater input should be decreased. When dried cakes from condense tank or floating tank are left in treatment plant, we should cover, to prevent diffusion of smell with masking materials. The seasonal condition of operating should be fixed and the kind of coagulants should be changed because the wastewater in each season have different loading rates and organic materials. Odorous materials are very sensitive to the seasonal temperature variation. Especially, when the amount of rainfall is small and the high temperature of maintenance in long periods, air diffusion rate is large, so odorous materials can make great effect on surroundings comparision with other periods. To reduce odorous gas, as short term method, we had better take ceramic addition method. Especially, in summer we should take ceramic addition method. Also, as long term method, the size of wastewater treatment facility is the most important in the normal operating of wastewater treatment facility. But wastewater treatment facilities in this factory are too old, treatment process is old fashion, and the size is too small. So, large wastewater quantity to treat in summer. As results, the expansion of wastewater treatment facility and the process of improvement are required. Restriction level of odor was exceed. As it is overloaded in summer, the basis cause of odor is that the size of wastewater treatment facility is small. The prediction of air quality equilibrium density variation show that the odorous materials from working place are Amine materials whose smell strength is about 2.5(a little strong degree). We can suppose that in summer is sensitive to temperature variation, smell strength is larger as to reduce the origin of odor. We must expand wastewater treatment facility and improve the process A.S.A.P.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• 제1권
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 1983

A strain of Alcaligenes sp. Isolated from the sludge of industrial area was found to uptake 24.1 mg lead/g dried cell during incubation in medium containing 100g/ml of lead. Analyses of cellular subfractions reveal that fractions of cell wall contain 88.6 percent of lead found associated with the cells and the remainder is found associated with the cytoplasmic fraction. Ultrastructural examination of the cells cultured in media containing 500 and 1000g/ml of lead showed no major irregularities between cells of the treated and untreated cultures.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.205.2-205.2
• /
• 2010

Optimum operation conditions of low-NOx MILD combustion for gaseous and solid fuels have been investigated by experimental and computer simulation. Loop reactor type MILD combustor without air pre-heater has been used in the present work. The results show that the balance of injection velocities of fuel and surrounding air is major factor for maintaining MILD combustion mode. Temperature difference between lower and upper part can be reduced less than 20 degree of Celsius. It was found that NOx emission in MILD combustion also can be remarkably reduced to more than 85% in comparison with conventional premixed combustion, and reduced to more than 50% in case of nitrogen and carbon dioxide carrying dried waste water sludge and pulverized coal in comparison with the same of air carrying. It was also found that carbon monoxide emission increase was not appeared at the time of changeover to MILD combustion mode from premixed or air carrying combustion at optimum operation condition.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.439-446
• /
• 2009

This paper investigates the dehydration and RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) production of organic wastes, livestock manure and sewerage sludge with pressurized hydrothermal treatment process. The renewable technology for the organic wastes must involve short treatment time required, reusable energy source, anti-odor and viruses, low cost for the treatment, and well-fertilization. The pressurized hydrothermal treatment process promotes to evaporate moisture in the waste after being shortly treated in a reactor, which uses steam and heat supplied by an external boiler. By the pressurized steam, the cell walls of the waste break and effectively release the internal moisture. Then, the dried waste can be mixed with waste vinyls to produce RDF with a higher heating value as high as 6,700 kcal/kg.