• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.409-422
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper is to explore how the country-of-origin image mediates the effect of national stereotypes along two dimensions of perceived competence and warmth, on consumers' consumption behaviors, especially in today's environment, the capricious COVID-19 and the deepening and expanding "The Belt and Road" initiative. Research design, data, and methodology: After collecting 1500 primary data from twelve countries along the 21^st - Century Maritime Silk Road, this paper conducts ANOVA and SEM in SPSS25.0 and AMOS 24.0 separately to analyze measurements, structural models, and hypotheses via using 1277 final samples. The mediation results illustrate the asymmetric dominance of the two dimensions of national stereotypes, indicating that the country-of-origin image shows the complementary mediation in the effect of perceived competence on purchase intention; whereas, the country-of-origin image holds the indirect-only mediation in the impact of perceived warmth on purchase intention. The results of the moderation show that the effect of country-of-origin image on purchase intention is more significant for consumers who perceive COVID-19 in China to be of lesser severity than those who believe it to be of higher severity. Based on the paper's results, some implications for practice and theory are highlighted.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the environmental factors and growth characteristics of Sasa borealis community inside a temperate deciduous forest and reviewed its effect on the lower vegetation and natural regeneration. The S. borealis community in the Jungsan-ri region of Jirisan National Park was chosen as the study area, and the vegetation and the environmental factors were investigated. The dominance value, height and foliage layer thickness were investigated as the growth characteristics of S. borealis in the area. As the environmental factors, we investigated the photosynthesis photon flux density (PPFD) of the shrub and ground layers as well as the chemical characteristics of the soil. Additionally, we investigated the flora on the ground layer of the area as well as the number and height of woody plants. The result showed that the height and foliage layer thickness of the S. borealis was closely related to the light conditions but the distribution was not determined simply by the effect of the environment or vegetation of the particular area. This may be deeply related with the unique survival strategy of S. borealis, a vegetably propagated plant, that it can extensively distributed on a heterogeneous resources environment in a forest as multiple culm are interconnected with each other through the rhizomes. The dense dominance and great height of S. borealis reduced the plant species diversity in the ground layer by decreasing the PPFD on the ground surface.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.216-226
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• 1983

Genetic studies on the $F_2$ generation of a set of half diallel crosses involving six cowpea varieties were conducted. by the randomized block design with three replications to determine combining ability, gene action and the relationships between parents and their $F_2$ hybrids. The 12 agronomic characters namely, days to flowering, days from flowering to maturity, days to maturity, diameter of stem, length of internode, number of branches per plant, length of pod, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, number of grains per plant, 100 grain weight and grain weight per plot were observed, and the $F_2$ generation of this diallel set of crosses was analysed for each character according to the method by Jinks and Hayman. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Vr-Wr graphical analyses; The following seven characters, days to flowering, number of branches per plant, length of pod, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100 grain weight and grain weight per plot appeared to be partially dominant, and over dominance was found for days from flowering to maturity, days to maturity, length of internode and number of grains per pod. But diameter of stem indicated partial dominance near complete dominance. 2. Estimates of genetic variance components; In the degree of dominance,. eight characters, that is, days to flowering, days from flowering to maturity, days to maturity, length of internode, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, number of grains per plant and grain weight per plot were expressed larger than 1. And the characters, days from flowering to maturity, number of branches per plant and number of grains per plant as the degree of mean dominance ($H_1$/D) were found to be negative value over other characters. On the other hand, apprent asymmetry of dominance-recessive allele ($H_2$ /$4H_1$) produced comparatively estimates with lower value on days from flowering to maturity, length of internode, number of branches per plant and number of grains per pod. 3. Analyses of combining ability; Mean square value of GCA(general combining ability) appeared to be more important than those of SCA (specific combining ability) for most characters, and among them, grain weight per plot showed the highest mean square value in GCA and SCA. 4. Effect of combining ability; Variety 178 was expressed as the highest GCA effects in five characters (days to flowering days to maturity, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant and grain weight per plot). SCA effects were differed from parents, characters and crosses, but crosses between TVu 1857 $\times$ TVu 2885 and TVu 2702 $\times$ J78 were shown to be highly with SCA effects on yield.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.132-139
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• 2002

This study was carried to identify whether acupuncture at several meridian points can affect the human anesthesia or not using the EEG mapping. We observe the change in the brain wave patterns obtained by electroencephalogram after acupuncture. 1. It is concluded that the pattern of resting computerized EEG map in intact human is normal and acupunctuation at determined meridian points induced lesser narrow field of alpha activity, more extensive field of ${\delta}$, ${\theta}$ activity, father resulted in marked shift to cerebrofrontal dominance in field of ${\delta}$, ${\theta}$ activity by t-SPM. 2. It seems likely that acupunctuation at experimental meridian points acts on slight anesthesia or hypnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.141-156
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• 1999

Recently expanded and enhanced software system inevitably demands serious managerial considerations on its maintenance cost. This study proposes a systematic and thorough assessment model for software development methods to the end of maintainability, incorporation ISO 9126 quality standards-based criteria. The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is employed in our model to find the effect of any dependency among the items of the criteria and the alternative methods. This study then applies the model empirically in order to evaluate the efficacies of the Structured Method and the Objected-Oriented Method. At first, this study performs the test on the existence and direction of any dependency under the three types of assumptions, and then determines the relative dominance of the two methods.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2018

Long bridges, such as suspension bridges and diagonal bridges, are complex phenomena that show different behaviors depending on the shape and rigidity of the cross sections, such as wind vibrations and liquid vibrations from earthquakes in liquid storage containers. This is called the lower skirt on the lower side of the bridge, and the installation of lower skirt is effective for release and vortex vibrations caused by rapid winds, and that increases the stability of the wind resistance of the bridge. Optimal shape and installation of the lower skirt is also essential to make maximum wind speed effect of the lower skirt. Therefore, this study proposes a numerical analysis method to control the vibration of a bridge by calculating the optimal installation angle of an optimal lower skirt according to the optimal control theory and this study evaluates the impact on the optimal control system by minimizing the dominance equation with an evaluation function,which is an indicator for evaluating the optimal control theory state.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2015

Allelopathy is an ecological phenomenon that refers to the beneficial or harmful effects of one plant on another plant, both crop and weed species, by the release of organic chemicals (allelochemicals) from plant parts by leaching, root exudation, volatilization, residue decomposition in soil and other processes in both natural and agricultural systems. Allelopathy can affect many aspects of plant ecology including occurrence, growth, plant succession, the structure of plant communities, survival, dominance, diversity, and plant productivity. In this review, we describe the concept of allelopathy, some mechanisms of operation within plants and then focus on a select number of gymnospermous tree genera: Ephedra, Pinus, Taxus, Cedrus, Juniperus, Picea, Cunninghamia and Araucaria. Pinus, Taxus (yew) and Cedrus (cedar) trees have a strong negative allelopathic effect on the germination, growth, or development of other plant species in the forest community.

• ALGAE
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2002

Mechanisms of competition between two canopy algae and an understory alga were investigated by a field manipulative experiment using artificial thalli. The study was carried out in the upper intertidal zone at Nudibranch Point in Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, where two fucoids, Fucus gardneri and Pelvetiopsis limitata, and a turf red alga, Mazzaella cornucopiae, were dominant in the algal community. The experiment was designed to test three hypotheses, shading, whiplash, and allelopathy, imposed by potential fucoid effects on M. cornucopiae. Only the shading effect was significant, indicating that adult fucoid thalli reduced. M. cornucopiae biomass underneath the fucoids. Results indicated that reversal of competitive dominance existed between F. gardneri and M. cornucopiae depending on the life history stage of the competitors. By including the turf alga's effects on the fucoids, the well-balanced and non-hierarchical interaction networks among the major macroalgae support the high likelihood of species coexistence in the community.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.599-613
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• 2020

In this article, free vibration attributes of double-walled carbon nanotubes based on nonlocal elastic shell model have been investigated. For this purpose, a nonlocal Flügge shell model is established to observe the small scale effect. The wave propagation is employed to frame the governing equations as eigenvalue system. The influence of nonlocal parameter subjected to different end supports has been overtly examined. A suitable choice of material properties and nonlocal parameter been focused to analyze the vibration characteristics. The new set of inner and outer tubes radii investigated in detail against aspect ratio and length. The dominance of boundary conditions via nonlocal parameter is shown graphically. The results generated furnish the evidence regarding applicability of nonlocal shell model and also verified by earlier published literature.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1046-1055
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• 2016

A controller to mitigate the destabilizing effect of constant power load (CPL) is proposed for a DC/DC buck-boost converter. The load profile has been considered to be predominantly of CPL type. The negative incremental resistance of the CPL tends to destabilize the feeder system, which may be an input filter or another DC/DC converter. The proposed sliding mode controller aims to ensure system stability under the dominance of CPL. The effectiveness of the controller has been validated through real-time simulation studies and experiments under various operating conditions. The controller has been demonstrated to be robust with respect to variations in supply voltage and load and capable of mitigating instabilities induced by CPL. Furthermore, the controller has been validated using all possible load profiles, which may arise in modern-day DC-distributed power systems.